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51.
52.
时序信息提取机制的探索 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对时序信息加工的经典研究是采用新近性判断范型,结果发现其提取机制是以新近性为基础的逆向串行搜索过程。本研究采用新近性判断范型和早远性判断范型对时序信息的提取机制进行了深入的考察,结果表明:(l)提取时序信息既存在逆向串行搜索,又存在顺向串行搜索;(2)早远性判断和新近性判断任务对不同部分时序信息恢复的效应不同,其中早远性判断易化早远部分,新近性判断易化新近部分──表现为对相应部分辨别力的提高和正确反应潜伏期的缩短;(3)在不同的时序信息提取任务中,被试会根据具体条件进行反转反应。 相似文献
53.
Robert E. Roberts Ph.D. Brenda L. Solovitz Yuan-Who Chen Charles Casat 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1996,24(3):349-362
Retest stability of DSM-III-R diagnoses was assessed using the DISC-2.1C with a sample of Anglo, African, and Hispanic American adolescent patients 12 to 17 years of age. Based on the kappa statistic, retest stability was fair for any disorder ( =.50), for any anxiety disorder ( =.44), for any affective disorder ( =.53), for any disruptive behavior disorder ( =.58), and for substance use disorders ( =.46). Although there was a trend for reliability to be somewhat higher for African Americans ( =.58) than for Anglos ( =.42) or Hispanics ( =.49), these differences were not statistically significant. In general, 15- to 17-year-olds had somewhat better reliability ( =.58) than did 12- to 14-year-olds ( =.44). Males had somewhat higher reliability ( =.63) than females ( =.43). These findings are congruent with those reported recently using the DISC-R (Schwab-Stone et al., 1993) and suggest that the DISC appears to be at least as reliable as other available child diagnostic instruments. In view of the fair-to-moderate levels of reliability of these instruments in general, future research should focus on the joint effects of instrument, subject, interviewer, and nomenclature on operating characteristics of diagnostic interview schedules, focusing in particular on factors affecting accurate recall and reporting of symptoms and episodes.
This research was supported in part by grants MH44214 and MH44773 from the National Institute of Mental Health, and by the Hogg Foundation for Mental Health. The authors wish to acknowledge the participation and collaboration of A. J. Pumariega, J. W. Swanson, and C. E. Holzer III and staff of the Center for Cross-Cultural Research, directed by F. M. Treviño. 相似文献
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本工作采用食物性运动,条件反射方法和慢性微电极记录技术。条件反射实验在9只兔上进行,海马自发放电的实验在22只兔上进行。在9次实验中,30μg的东莨菪碱注入一侧脑室后,条件反射均受到抑制,而吃食则不受影响。注射剂量为45μg时,注射后3—5分,条件反射完全消失,而吃食行为在了次实验中不受影响,在2次实验中稍有减弱,注射后20分钟左右条件反射开始恢复;侧脑室注射40μg的东莨菪碱后,海马神经元的自发活动无明显改变。文中并对抗胆碱药作用于海马抑制条件反射的可能方式进行了讨论。 相似文献
56.
汉语语义记忆提取的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对汉语语义记忆的提取进行了两个实验。实验1是自由联想实验,从十三个句子中选出二十三个词作为刺激词。结果表明,以两词间所保持的常识关系来定义的语义距离,对预测自由联想的作业是有效的。实验2采用反应时技术,对真假命题判断及信息提取的时间进行了考查。实验结果与A.M.Collins等人的结果一致,说明了存储于网络不同水平上的句子其提取时间不同这一事实。结果还表明,在信息提取阶段上,汉字字形的作用不是一个重要的因素。 相似文献
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58.
Ming-Shiunn Huang 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》1981,72(3):339-352
The hypothesis that the judgemental categorizing behaviour measured by Pettigrew's Category-Width scale is linked to semantic categorization is investigated. Individual differences in broad vs. narrow categorizing behaviour measured by the C-W scale are reconceptualized within the framework of Rosch's (1977) theory of human categorization. Two extreme groups on the C-W scale, broad categorizers and narrow categorizers, were selected as subjects. One experiment employed a short-term release-from-proactive-inhibition paradigm. The amount of discrepancy in recall between the preshift and the shift trials was used as an index to perceived semantic distance. The result showed that narrow categorizers perceived the same fuzzy items in a semantic category as less similar to the good exemplars of that category than broad categorizers did. In a further experiment using a semantic-categorization technique, narrow categorizers judged the same fuzzy items as category members less frequently than broad categorizers did, indicating that narrow categorizers possess more differentiated semantic categories than do broad categorizers. These findings are seen as an extension of the differential categorizing behaviour on artificial categories in the C-W scale to semantic categorization for which there is a pre-existing system. 相似文献
59.
Naming the ink color of an incongruent color word (e.g., RED printed in green) usually takes longer than naming the ink color of a color bar. However, when the ink matches the word (e.g., RED printed in red), naming tends to be faster. These phenomena are known as the STroop interference effect and the Stroop congruency effect, respectively. Although the interference effect has been robust and reliable across studies, the congruency effect tends to be elusive. It was hypothesized that this variation in outcomes might be related to subjects' response strategy. The experiment conducted to test this hypothesis induced either a speed or an accuracy strategy in two separate groups of subjects. Significant interference effects were found for both groups and the magnitudes did not differ. At the same time, the congruency effect was observed in the speed group but not in the accuracy group. These results suggest that researchers who wish to observe and study the Stroop congruency and interference effects should place special emphasis on speed. Implications of the study for a model of the Stroop effect are also discussed. 相似文献
60.