Reliability and concurrent validation of the IPIP Big-Five factor markers in China: Consistencies in factor structure between Internet-obtained heterosexual and homosexual samples

Previous studies have suggested the cross-cultural generalizability of a 5-factor structure for personality traits. In this article, we analyzed the utility of 2 versions (100-item and 50-item) of the IPIP Big-Five factor markers in both heterosexual (N = 633) and homosexual (N = 437) samples in China. Factor analysis within versions showed that both versions of these IPIP measures showed clear 5-factor orthogonal structures that were nearly identical to the American structure in both subject samples. The reliabilities of the five factors were quite high except for the 50-item measure of Agreeableness. The part-whole correlations between the 100-item and 50-item factors were high, as were the factor congruence coefficients between the heterosexual and the homosexual samples. Both versions of the IPIP Big-Five factor markers were strongly correlated with the scales from the Big-Five Inventory (BFI: John, Donahue, & Kentle, 1991), thus providing some concurrent validation in a Chinese context.     

不同记忆提取条件下的自我参照效应

通过操纵记忆提取的条件,本实验比较了自我参照、他人参照和无参照(褒义/贬义)任务下的记忆效果.结果发现:(1)自我参照编码在再认测验中出现了显著的提取优势(F(2.41)=6.097,p<0.01);(2)自我参照编码在颜色一致/不一致判断中未出现显著的提取优势(F(2,41)=1.039,p=0.363);(3)再认测验中,颜色不一致旧词的再认辨别力高于一致条件(F(1,41)=3.139,p=0.084).     

When we feel good and bad about ourselves: self-esteem memories across cultures

Young adults in the United States, Croatia, and China described personal episodes of times when they felt especially good or bad about themselves. These self-esteem memories were either recent (episodes that occurred during the previous 4 weeks) or remote (episodes that occurred between the ages of 10 and 15). Systematic content differences between memories of positive and negative self-worth were apparent primarily for remote rather than for recent memories. Across cultures, long-lasting positive memories frequently represented achievement themes, whereas negative memories frequently represented social themes. Links between achievement success and positive self-regard, and between social distress and negative self-regard, are explained using theories of self-esteem and autobiographical memory.     

杜道坚与茅山宗之传承

南宋嘉熙三年(1239年)宋理宗命龙虎宗正一第三十五代天师张可大提举三山符,领主江南诸道派。唐宋盛极一时的茅山宗由此失去了符三山主导地位。元兵南渡,皇室对龙虎宗更加尊宠礼遇,茅山宗重心日渐南移,“辅教大师”杜道坚别起炉鼎,力倡“皇道帝德”、“形神兼养”之义理,播迹江浙苏杭一带,为茅山宗在元代的发展作出了特殊的贡献。杜道坚(1237-1318年)字处逸,自号南谷子,当涂采石(今安徽当涂)人,西晋著名学者杜予之后,少有超凡脱俗之志,年十七辞母寄迹郡之天庆观,师事虚白陈元实。后入茅山,于山岩树林间结草为庵,为上清派第三十八代宗师蒋宗瑛…     

两种世界观影响下的生涯咨询评估

自上世纪初逻辑实证主义影响下量的评估就一直在生涯咨询中占主导地位。近年来建构主义对生涯咨询的影响逐渐增加．质的评估越来越突出。文章立足于两种不同的世界观基础,比较了量和质的生涯评估模式及其特征,并探讨如何发展质的生涯评估过程。     

天师张陵族系及里籍考辩

东汉时期张陵同名者有四.汉献帝时期河内张范之子张陵为张良后裔.天师张陵为沛国丰人.关于天师张陵为张良后裔说,过去学界很少讨论.其说始于刘宋时期.根据相关文献研究,该说成立的可能性很小.东汉初年的沛国丰人张盛可能是张陵的先祖.天师张陵非东汉蜀人张纲之孙.张陵蜀人说的依据和观点不能成立.张陵出生地在杭州之说与蜀阆中天柱山有关,不足采信.     

Sexual reinforcement in the female rat.

Sexual reinforcement in the female rat was studied in a preparation that allowed continuous operant responding for access to a male rat leading to intromission. Experiment 1 used a high operant level nose-poke response to test the possible reinforcing effects of some components of access to a male. A simple tone stimulus used as a conditioned reinforcer and two odor stimuli, target male bedding and emulsified preputial gland, were tested. None of these contingent events altered responding above or below operant level. Access to the male, which was always accompanied by intromission, immediately increased response rate when it was made contingent upon the nose-poke response. Performance on fixed-ratio schedules was erratic, and response rate was low in comparison to typical food-reinforced responding. An interresponse-time analysis indicated, however, that some effect of the ratio contingency may have been present. In Experiment 2, several modifications of the procedure were tested with the objective of creating a more tractable preparation for behavior analysis. Response type and the hormone delivery method were changed, and 2 target males were used instead of 1. The latter tripled the average number of reinforcers earned in a single session. Differences between sexual and other reinforcers are discussed in terms of procedural, quantitative, and motivational aspects of the sexual reinforcement procedure.     

抑制儿茶酚胺的生物合成对群体隔离大白鼠学习和记忆的影响

本文观察了儿茶酚胺的生物合成抑制剂——α-甲基酪氨酸(α-MT)和二乙基二硫氨基甲酸酯钠(DDC)——对群体隔离大白鼠学习和记忆的影响。结果发现α-MT(250mg/公斤体重)对群居动物学习方位水迷津无明显影响,但对隔离动物的学习有明显影响。α-MT对群居和隔离动物的记忆的影响不明显,DDC(500mg/公斤体重)对群居和隔离动物的学习和记忆均无明显影响。注射α-MT后隔离动物大脑皮质内去甲肾上腺素的含量降低了38.1％,而群居动物仅降低了20.1％。结果提示隔离动物对方位水迷津学习能力的降低可能与脑内去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺的含量下降尤其是与大脑皮质内去甲肾上腺素含量的下降有关。     

群体隔离对大白鼠听源性癫痫的影响及其与脑内单胺类神经介质含量变化的关系

使群体隔离大白鼠接受急性和慢性铃声刺激,以观察隔离对大白鼠听源性癫痫的发生和适应过程的影响,同时观察其与脑内单胺类神经介质含量变化的关系。 结果表明急性声音应激时群体隔离动物癫痫发生率高。在铃声应激后隔离鼠端脑内NE含量显著减少。在连续6天的慢性声音应激时隔离大白鼠的适应过程稍慢。在6天中发生癫痫和狂跑的总次数隔离鼠也明显高于群居鼠。在第六天测定时发现隔离鼠脑干内NE含量明显低于群居鼠。群居鼠端脑和脑干内5-HT含量及隔离鼠端脑内5-HT含量明显增高。第七天测定时群居鼠端脑内NE含量明显增高,隔离鼠端脑与脑干内5-HIAA含量明显增高。上述结果表明隔离动物对铃声刺激的应付能力减弱,适应过程减慢。这种现象可能与隔离动物脑内NE和5-HT的生物合成受限有关。     

视、听双重记忆原序报告成绩下降的可能的原因

本文两种交替报告中的通道转移最多,但是都没有引起成绩大幅度下降。