梁漱溟人格的初步研究

本文采用人格形容词评定法、心理传记法对历史文化名人梁漱溟的人格及其形成、发展进行了研究。因素分析揭示了梁漱溟的自信、认真、自律、好强等人格特征,通过精神分析可推论其可能具有自恋型人格倾向,梁氏这些人格的形成、发展受多种因素的交互影响。他的人格可作为解释其参与的特定历史事件的强有力证据。     

目前我国农村邪教孳生蔓延的深层原因及其对策

20世纪80年代以来,邪教在农村不少地区禁而不止并呈曼延之势,其原因主要在于:1、中国传统的多神信仰民俗,为异端邪说的滋生蔓延提供了深厚的社会土壤;2、中国传统的灾难信仰制度与灾难信仰心态,使邪教的"劫变"观大行其道,并极大限度地增加了邪教的煽动性和扩张力;3、社会转型时期农村思想政治工作的薄弱、基层政权控制能力的疲软、文化娱乐生活的匮乏、价值信仰的失范,都给了邪教以可乘之机;4、农民物质生活的相对贫困,农村社会保障体系的欠缺,是邪教在广大农村扎根与发展不可忽视的物质因素.对农村邪教问题的治理是一项综合性的工程,主要包括:1、加强相关的法律建设和制度建设;2、建设农村基层组织中的斗争机制;3、加强宗教理论研究,普及宗教知识;4、大力加强社会主义精神文明建设;5、发展经济,建立和健全农村社会保障体系.     

高中生元担忧与考试焦虑

我们通过问卷的方式对广东地区3所中学的1273名高中生的考试焦虑与元担忧水平之间的关系进行了研究。结果发现：考试焦虑与高中学生的学习成绩呈显著负相关;除考试担忧、命运担忧、家庭担忧和感官担忧4个项目男女没有显著差异外,其他各项目都存在显著差异;对全体高中学生来说,考试、学习、将来、命运、家庭、能力和身体7个方面的元担忧对考试焦虑有正面贡献;将来元担忧和能力元担忧对男、女生的考试焦虑的贡献都是正值,且贡献显著。命运、人际、家庭、感官4个方面的元担忧对男生的贡献为正值,且贡献显著,即这些方面的水平的提高与男生高水平的考试焦虑相联系;考试、学习和身体3个方面的元担忧对女生考试焦虑的贡献是正值,且贡献显著,即这3个方面的元担忧水平的提高与女生高水平的考试焦虑相联系。     

初中学生攻击行为的心理特征测量

本研究通过对浙江省和福建省16所中学的464名被试的调查和测量,构建了初中学生攻击行为的心理特征量表并进行了验证型和诊断型的效度检验,研究结果表明,（1）该量表具有较好的信度和效度;（2）行为、认知、情绪和言语是测量攻击行为的心理特征的良好指标;（3）同学提名法与教师评价法具有较高的鉴别力;（4）问卷自评的鉴别力尚有待改进。     

脑梗死急性期应重视高血糖的处理

脑梗死急性期往往可以检测到血糖升高,而高血糖与脑梗死的转归不良有关。脑梗死急性期高血糖的机制不仅为应激性血糖增高,还可能是多种因素共同作用的结果。注射胰岛素治疗不仅可降低血糖,而且通过对脑组织的直接保护作用减轻脑组织损伤。     

Role of personal endorsement of outgroup members' distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in attitude towards the outgroup

The present study was designed to examine the role of the perceived culture of the outgroup and the perceiver's cognitive style on the intergroup process. We conducted a survey among mainland Chinese college students to discover the role of their personal endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese's distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in predicting their attitude towards the Hong Kong Chinese outgroup. Results showed that mainland Chinese who gave a higher endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese values were more likely to show a positive attitude towards Hong Kong Chinese, especially for people with a higher need for cognitive closure. These results were discussed in terms of the function of shared social reality on the formation of positive intergroup attitude. Future directions for intergroup research were proposed based on these findings.     

作为事件边界的时间变化对文本阅读的影响

采用固定窗口技术探讨在文本阅读过程中时间信息的变化对事件边界知觉的影响以及这种事件边界对记忆提取能力的影响.结果表明:在阅读记叙文的过程中,读者能够将记叙文中的时间变化知觉为有意义的活动单元之间的事件边界,并且时间变化影响读者对先前信息的提取能力.     

Genetic and environmental stability differs in reactive and proactive aggression

The aim of this study was to examine stability and change in genetic and environmental influences on reactive (impulsive and affective) and proactive (planned and instrumental) aggression from childhood to early adolescence. The sample was drawn from an ongoing longitudinal twin study of risk factors for antisocial behavior at the University of Southern California (USC). The twins were measured on two occasions: ages 9–10 years (N=1,241) and 11–14 years (N=874). Reactive and proactive aggressive behaviors were rated by parents. The stability in reactive aggression was due to genetic and nonshared environmental influences, whereas the continuity in proactive aggression was primarily genetically mediated. Change in both reactive and proactive aggression between the two occasions was mainly explained by nonshared environmental influences, although some evidence for new genetic variance at the second occasion was found for both forms of aggression. These results suggest that proactive and reactive aggression differ in their genetic and environmental stability, and provide further evidence for some distinction between reactive and proactive forms of aggression. Aggr. Behav. 35:437–452, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

二阶因素模型的测量等价性检验——以大学生网络利他行为量表为例

与一阶因素模型相比,二阶因素模型具有较多优点,但二阶因素模型的测量等价性检验要更复杂,它需要依次进行七个不同水平的检验：形等价、一阶弱等价、二阶弱等价、一阶强等价、二阶强等价、二阶严等价和一阶严等价。低水平的等价性满足之后,才能进行更为严格的高一水平的等价性检验。运用均值和协方差结构（MACS）模型对大学生网络利他行为量表（IABSU）进行二阶因素模型的测量等价性检验,结果表明,IABSU具有跨地域的完全一阶、二阶严等价性。