结构、任务类型和导航对超文本信息搜索的影响

通过两个实验考察了结构、任务类型和导航对超文本信息搜索绩效的影响。实验一采用2（层次结构,混合结构）×2（特定任务,关系任务）的被试内设计,探讨了超文本结构和任务类型对信息搜索的影响;实验二在实验一的基础上,采用2（层次结构,混合结构）×2（有导航图,无导航图）的被试内设计,考察超文本结构和导航对关系任务信息搜索的影响。结果表明：（1）超文本结构和任务类型对信息搜索绩效有显著的交互影响,就关系任务而言,混合结构超文本优于层次结构超文本,但就特定任务而言,两者无显著差异;（2）导航对信息搜索行为有指导作用,尤其对层次结构超文本有利;（3）两种主观指标的结果与客观指标存在一定程度的一致性。     

"征兆":意识形态的创伤性内核——齐泽克意识形态理论初论

齐泽克从马克思对“商品拜物教”的分析出发,揭露了意识形态的不完整性。在他看来,“征兆”作为沟通前符号界和现实界的桥梁,在意识形态建构起来的看似完整的象征秩序中打开了缺口,挑战了意识形态的“真实”,因此“征兆”是意识形态的“崩溃点”。传统资本主义社会的“劳动力的自由”和“等价交换”、当代资本主义社会的“民主主义”和“排犹主义”就是这种征兆。     

儿童青少年心理素质研究30年:回顾与展望

作为具有中国特色的心理学研究,心理素质已有30多年的研究历程,对其进行系统的回顾与展望,既是出于梳理总结以往研究得失的考虑,也是将心理素质研究推向新的高度的必然需要。首先,本文阐述了心理素质研究产生的背景,并详述了心理素质概念、结构和测量工具的提出、完善和成型的历程;其次,在整理以往研究的基础上,系统阐述了心理素质的发展特点及其形成和作用机制;最后,阐述了心理素质研究成果的学术影响及推广应用,并对心理素质的未来研究进行了展望。     

社会性道德视角下的市场社会道德基础探究--兼析经济学的价值判断

在个体层面上,“利己”与“道德”是人性中的两种德性,二者并不矛盾;在型构社会层面上．为了维系合作秩序的扩展,须构建与市场社会相适应的社会性道德基础。中国的传统社会缺失了社会性道德这一维度,休谟在特定的历史时期所提出的社会性道德论说对于建设中国当下的市场经济有特别的理论借鉴意义。普世性的道德准则是经济学的前提,经济学自身的价值判断准则也同样拒斥不道德的经济行为。“市场经济可以不讲道德”的命题是不成立的。     

一种有神的信仰是怎样建立起来的(二)

(二)使灌输得以成立的强 化保障机制 1.无质疑的通读学法方式 一个不可避免的问题是,大 部分"法轮功"学员在刚刚开始 看书听讲时,特别对有神论的思 想观念,都会或多或少出现怀 疑、困惑甚至排斥,也会在相互 交流时将心中的疑问提出。包括 学了一段时间以后也仍有部分人 半信半疑。周围也会有议论和反 对的意见。对于这些情况,李洪 志有大量的针对性论述。     

Challenges and stressors in intimate intercultural relationships: A systematic research synthesis

Globalization has facilitated increasing cross-cultural interactions and the formation of intimate intercultural relationships. This study systemically screened and reviewed fifteen quantitative studies that included participants in a current intimate intercultural relationship, synthesizing their research methods and findings with a focus on investigating stressors and challenges. The results revealed that intercultural couples could face various external challenges like marginalization and family disapproval and internal challenges such as conflicting cultural values. When these challenges and stressors are present, couples are more likely to experience lower relationship satisfaction and more negative relational interactions. This study provides an overview of the state of quantitative research on intercultural relationships, highlighting its limitations and future directions. The findings of this critical analysis can also inform clinical practices with distressed intercultural couples.     

The impact of dialectical behaviour therapy training on therapists in Singapore: A mixed-methods study

Background

While dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) has much empirical support for treating borderline personality disorder (BPD) and other conditions, little research has examined the dissemination of DBT in Southeast Asia.

Aims

This study evaluated training outcomes following a 5-day intensive DBT training programme in a group of psychologists in Singapore, who were in the process of implementing DBT as part of the training's objectives.

Methodology

A mixed-methods design was employed. Fourteen psychologists from a public psychiatric hospital in Singapore were recruited. Seven self-selected into DBT training, and the remaining were matched controls who were not attending the training programme. The latter served as a nonrandomised control group. Prior to and 3 months after training, all participants completed measures of stigma towards BPD patients, burnout and therapeutic alliance. DBT training participants additionally attended a focus group discussion assessing their experiences and challenges implementing DBT in Singapore's context.

Findings

Quantitative analyses using mixed ANOVA showed that, compared with controls, DBT-trained participants demonstrated significantly greater increases in acceptance towards BPD patients. No between-group differences were found on changes in burnout or therapy alliance with patients. Analyses of qualitative data using thematic analysis revealed that DBT training impacted the way participants conceptualised and delivered therapy for BPD patients, and highlighted several challenges in implementing DBT in the local hospital context.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate the potential of DBT training in improving clinicians' attitudes towards BPD patients and support a need for policymakers to prepare organisations for DBT implementation to ensure programme sustainability.     

The role of honour in interpersonal,intrapersonal and intergroup processes

In this article, we review research in psychology and other related social science fields that has adopted an honor framework to examine intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup processes taking a culture-comparative or individual differences approach. In the sections below, we will first review research on the role of honor in interpersonal processes focusing primarily on interpersonal aggression including in close relationships, non-aggressive ways of responding to threats (e.g., forgiveness), and reciprocity. Next, we move onto reviewing research on the role of honor in intrapersonal processes, specifically in the domains of emotional responses to honor-threatening situations, mental, and physical health. Finally, we review research emerging from social and political psychology and political science that have utilized the honor framework to understand and explain group processes and intergroup relations at different level of analyses (e.g., social groups, nations). Given the limited space, our goal was to emphasize major and emerging areas of research on honor and provide food for thought for future research.     

Cross‐sectional study on the relationship between music training and working memory in adults

Learning to play musical instruments has been shown to enhance a wide variety of cognitive domains. The present study investigated the specific aspects of working memory (WM) that differed between adult musicians and non‐musicians. Twenty‐four musicians and 30 non‐musicians matched for age, gender, years of formal education, and verbal intelligence performed several WM tasks. A multivariate analysis of covariance, wherein family income was controlled, revealed that musicians outperformed non‐musicians in tasks related to visual–motor coordination, visual scanning ability, visual processing speed, and spatial memory. However, no significant differences were found in phonological and visual memory capacity. This study supports the view that music training is associated to specific (and not general) WM skills.