Jeremy B. Yorgason  Richard B. Miller  Mark B. White 《The American journal of family therapy》2013,41(1):28-47

The present study examined therapists' training in aging issues, and their knowledge and attitudes about aging. One hundred and ninety-one clinicians completed a web-based questionnaire. The majority of respondents reported to have some training in aging issues, although they did not believe it prepared them well to work with older clients. Clinicians reported feeling comfortable working with older adults, yet they also agreed that special training could benefit their work. Knowledge scores were significantly correlated with interest in aging issues, perceived importance of training, perceived competence, and perceived effectiveness in treating older adults. Research and clinical implications are discussed.  相似文献   

    

Ruth A. Triplett  Garland White  Randy Gainey 《Deviant behavior》2013,34(10):803-823

Recent developments in both theory and research on neighborhood crime have focused attention on the role of organizations. The current research builds on the existing literature to examine the relationship of churches to neighborhood “street” and domestic violence. The findings suggest that churches are fairly stable neighborhood organizations and not importantly heterogeneous, and neither factor appears to be related to neighborhood crime. Alternatively, the number of churches in a neighborhood is positively related to both street crimes and domestic assaults, and denomination does play an important role especially as it relates to domestic assaults. Theoretical and empirical implications are discussed.  相似文献   

    

Emma Beeby  K. Geoffrey White 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2013,99(3):260-276

  相似文献   

    

Kim L. Johnston  Katherine M. White 《Psychology & health》2013,28(1):63-77

A study was undertaken to assess the utility of the theory of planned behaviour in the prediction of students' binge-drinking. Additionally, a perspective was utilised to address the usually weak contribution of subjective norms in predicting behavioural intentions. Respondents were 289 undergraduate students. The study employed a longitudinal design, with the predictors of performing the behaviour under consideration assessed prior to the measure of reported behaviour. Support was found for the application of the theory of planned behaviour to binge-drinking. A reconceptualisation of norms in the theory of planned behaviour, from a social identity theory/self-categorization theory perspective, was also supported; consistent with expectations, the norms of a behaviourally relevant reference group predicted intentions to binge-drink, especially for participants who identified strongly with the reference group. The results are discussed in relation to measures which may help to reduce the incidence of binge-drinking by university students.  相似文献   

    

Keith White 《Journal of Research on Christian Education》2013,22(1):75-86

Professors who teach educational psychology at the member colleges and universities of the Association of Christian Schools International were surveyed concerning their approach to teaching educational psychology. Sixty-two surveys were returned from the 169 schools. The survey indicated that 96.7% of the responding schools offer a major in education and require their education majors to take a course in educational psychology. A majority of the respondents were very interested in approaching the topic from a biblical perspective and desired more resources to do so. An outline is presented of the challenges that must be overcome before a learning theory that is both scientific and biblical can be developed and empirically verified.  相似文献   

    

Peter A. White 《Visual cognition》2013,21(9-10):1168-1204

ABSTRACT

Previous research has shown that stimuli in which a moving object (A) contacts a stationary one (B) and stops, and object B then moves off in the same direction, give rise to a causal impression: object A is perceived as producing the motion of object B. This impression is weakened or does not occur if there is a delay between A contacting B and B moving, or if there is a spatial gap between B and the location at which A stops. It is shown that a strong causal impression can occur despite the presence of both gap and delay if there are cues to generative transmission of causal influence from A to B. The cues investigated were successive colour change of a series of objects filling the gap between A and B. Reported causal impressions were stronger with the colour change stimuli than with stimuli in which the objects were present but did not change colour, and stronger if the colour change proceeded from A to B than if it proceeded in the opposite direction. Reported causal impressions increased in strength as the number of objects involved in the colour change increased, consistent with the hypothesis that the colour change is a cue to a process of transmission, and inconsistent with the hypothesis that it is perceived or inferred as involving a chain of causal relations. Other kinds of changes to object properties—a small upward motion, shrinkage without moving, and disappearance—yielded similar results. It appears that any rapid sequential change in object properties in the direction of causal influence can function to give rise to the visual impression of generative transmission. The possible role of apparent motion is discussed.  相似文献   

    

Peter A. White 《Visual cognition》2013,21(5):635-674

When a moving object (A) contacts a stationary one (B) and Object B then moves, visual impressions of force occur along with a visual impression of causality. It is shown that findings about force impressions that occur with launching effect stimuli generalize to other forms of phenomenal causality, namely entraining, enforced disintegration, and shattering stimuli. In particular, evidence is reported for generality of the force asymmetry, in which the amount of perceived force exerted by Object A is greater than the amount of perceived resistance put up by Object B. Effects of manipulations of kinematic variables also resembled those found in previous experiments. Some unpredicted findings occurred. It is argued that these reflect a change in perceptual interpretation when both objects are in motion prior to contact, due to both objects being perceived as in autonomous motion. The results are consistent with a theoretical account in which force impressions occur by a process of matching kinematic information in visual stimuli to stored representations of actions on objects, which supply information about forces.  相似文献   

    

Campbell White  Julie M. Duck  Peter A. Newcombe 《Journal of applied social psychology》2012,42(12):3051-3082

Two studies explored the role of perceived threat in predicting White Australians' acculturation preferences for Muslim immigrants, with particular focus on the impact of their reliance on the mass media. In Study 1, students completed a survey that indicated that their tolerance of Muslim practice was largely explained by their general attitudes to multiculturalism. However, among those who were highly reliant on the media, symbolic threat from Muslims played an additional role, with those who perceived more threat being less tolerant. Study 2 further explored these findings in a second survey that included other measures of threat that comprise the integrated threat theory. While intergroup anxiety was the form of threat with the strongest main effect on tolerance, the impact of symbolic threat was again moderated by reliance on the mass media. The implications for understanding the role of media in facilitating interethnic disharmony were discussed.  相似文献   

    

Robert White  Nasir Warfa 《Journal of applied social psychology》2011,41(1):45-60

Within an action research framework, this investigation used a mixed‐method case‐study approach to investigate what impact character education has on school climate and pupil behavior within a primary school situated in an Education Action Zone of East Anglia, England. Both quantitative and qualitative data sets suggest that the implementation of a multicomponent socioculturally inspired character‐education program can have positive effects on school climate, pupil behavior, and staff morale. In addition, the findings indicate that there is a positive effect on the school's ability to meet the social, emotional, and cognitive needs of pupils following the implementation of a whole‐school prosocial development program rooted in empirical evidence from psychological and educational research.  相似文献   

    

Daniel R. White  Gert Hellerich 《Humanistic Psychologist》2013,41(1):75-91

This article found elevated levels of trauma symptoms related to the terrorist attacks of 9/11 in students at a university in Northern California. In an analogue comparison, the impact on trauma symptoms of 2 interventions—journal writing and story listening—was examined. College students were randomly assigned to write about their emotional reactions to 9/11 or to listen to stories evoking themes relevant to the national tragedy. Participants in both conditions reported significant improvements in trauma symptoms on the final day of each condition. Students with prior bereavement had greater improvements in trauma symptoms on 1 measure in the story listening condition. The implications of these findings for the use of exposure-based interventions in the treatment of trauma are discussed.  相似文献