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61.
Catherine?F.?RatelleEmail author Alexandre?J.?S.?Morin Frédéric?Guay Stéphane?Duchesne 《Motivation and emotion》2018,42(4):513-526
Parents contribute to their children’s academic achievements by supporting their basic psychological needs. Parents’ need supporting behaviors (NSB) were expected to predict positive academic outcomes such as students’ academic performance and persistence intentions. The present study tested the contribution of parental NSB by distinguishing which of the source of evaluation (parent or adolescent) or specific NSB (autonomy support, involvement, structure) was a better predictor of youths’ academic performance and persistence intentions. This prospective study used a sample of 435 mother–adolescent dyads and 246 father–adolescent dyads, who completed two questionnaires a year apart. Results suggested that poor agreement between sources precluded the adoption of a multitrait-multimethod model. Using distinct factors for mothers, fathers, and adolescents to evaluate each NSB, different predictions were found for each outcome. Our results showed stronger contributions for paternal behaviors than for maternal ones, from the perspective of both students and their parents. These findings are examined in light of theories and research on parenting and education. 相似文献
62.
Tristan Grøtvedt Haze 《The Philosophical forum》2018,49(3):335-362
The object of this paper is to sketch an approach to propositions, meaning, and names. The key ingredients are a Twin‐Earth‐inspired distinction between internal and external meaning, and a middle‐Wittgenstein‐inspired conception of internal meaning as role in language system. The focus here is not on working out all the details, but on outlining the approach and showing how it offers a promising solution to the problem of the meaning of proper names. This is a plea for a neglected way of thinking about these topics. 相似文献
63.
64.
Floccia C Goslin J Girard F Konopczynski G 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2006,32(5):1276-1293
The processing costs involved in regional accent normalization were evaluated by measuring differences in lexical decision latencies for targets placed at the end of sentences with different French regional accents. Over a series of 6 experiments, the authors examined the time course of comprehension disruption by manipulating the duration and presentation conditions of accented speech. Taken together, the findings of these experiments indicate that regional accent normalization involves a short-term adjustment mechanism that develops as a certain amount of accented signal is available, resulting in a temporary perturbation in speech processing. 相似文献
65.
Hildur Valdimarsdóttir Lilja Yr Halldórsdóttir Zuilma Gabriela Sigurådóttir 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2010,43(1):101-105
A multiple baseline across settings was used to evaluate the effects of differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, nonremoval of the fork ( Hoch, Babbitt, Coe, Krell, & Hackbert, 1994 ), and stimulus fading on consumption of food rejected previously. The study was conducted in two separate settings, and caregivers were trained in the intervention technique to increase generalization to natural settings. Food variety increased in both settings. 相似文献
66.
Amandine Afonso Alan Blum Brian F. G. Katz Philippe Tarroux Grégoire Borst Michel Denis 《Memory & cognition》2010,38(5):591-604
When people scan mental images, their response times increase linearly with increases in the distance to be scanned, which
is generally taken as reflecting the fact that their internal representations incorporate the metric properties of the corresponding
objects. In view of this finding, we investigated the structural properties of spatial mental images created from nonvisual
sources in three groups (blindfolded sighted, late blind, and congenitally blind). In Experiment 1, blindfolded sighted and
late blind participants created metrically accurate spatial representations of a small-scale spatial configuration under both
verbal and haptic learning conditions. In Experiment 2, late and congenitally blind participants generated accurate spatial
mental images after both verbal and locomotor learning of a full-scale navigable space (created by an immersive audio virtual
reality system), whereas blindfolded sighted participants were selectively impaired in their ability to generate precise spatial
representations from locomotor experience. These results attest that in the context of a permanent lack of sight, encoding
spatial information on the basis of the most reliable currently functional system (the sensorimotor system) is crucial for
building a metrically accurate representation of a spatial environment. The results also highlight the potential of spatialized
audio-rendering technology for exploring the spatial representations of visually impaired participants. 相似文献
67.
Sébastien Allain Frédéric Danoix Mohamed Goune Khalid Hoummada Dominique Mangelinck 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(2):68-76
The work-hardening behaviour of virgin martensitic steel has been investigated in a strictly un-aged state and after various ageing conditions. At room temperature (RT), the un-aged alloy shows astonishing tensile performances (ultimate tensile stress?=?1600?MPa/uniform elongation?=?15%) but unexpected serrations. These serrations can be suppressed by static ageing (at RT or higher) while maintaining the initial work-hardening rate (ageing at RT). Parallel investigations using atom probe tomography reveal that the distribution of carbon at the atomic scale evolves from purely homogeneous for virgin martensite to partly segregated at a very fine scale (5–10?nm) after static ageing. This particular mechanical behaviour can therefore be associated with a very local decrease in available carbon in solid solution due to redistribution and segregations on defects (nanotwins) that occurs rapidly, even after few days at RT. 相似文献
68.
Lars J. Danbolt Paul M⊘ller Lars Lien Knut A. Hestad 《The International journal for the psychology of religion》2013,23(2):145-158
Religiousness and spirituality were examined in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Features and subjective significance are described, and associations with psychopathological phenomena are analyzed. The majority of the patients reported that religiousness and spirituality serve a vital positive influence in their ability to cope with their disorder. This positive influence was observed less among those patients with more negative symptoms. The spiritual experience of a divine presence was a common part of spirituality for our respondents, independent of psychopathology, whereas more extraordinary spiritual experiences were associated with certain psychopathological symptoms. Religious patients ruminated less than nonreligious patients did on existential issues, especially regarding the meaning of life, which, together with self-acceptance, was among the key existential issues for these patients. 相似文献
69.
Per Str⊘mholm 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2013,56(1):135-145
70.
Sebastian Grümer Rainer K. Silbereisen Jutta Heckhausen 《International journal of psychology》2013,48(6):1267-1283
This paper investigates the association between perceptions of broader changes in the social‐ecological context and individuals’ subjective well‐being (SWB). Macro‐level societal changes such as globalization or demographic change give rise to new demands for individual functioning at work and/or in the family. Such new demands associated with social change are stressful and likely to be related to lower levels of SWB. Being active agents, individuals attempt to deal with social change and its increasing demands to protect their SWB. The present study investigates which kinds of control strategies are most effective in protecting one's SWB. Specifically, we predicted that control strategies of goal engagement will be most effective under conditions of perceived high control, and control strategies of goal disengagement will be most effective under conditions of perceived low control. In a large sample of 2537 German adults, work‐ and family‐related demands associated with social change were found to be negatively linked to SWB. Moreover and in line with the motivational theory of lifespan development, control strategies of goal engagement and disengagement were beneficial for SWB to the extent that they matched the perceived control of the demands associated with social change. 相似文献