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111.
Michael D. Gliksman M.P.H. F.A.C.O.M. Allan Kellehear Ph.D. 《Journal of Near-Death Studies》1990,9(1):41-43
Although cerebral anoxia is not thought to be responsible for triggering near-death experiences (NDEs), the issue is not so clear in the case of hypercapnia. Detection of normal blood gases in Michael Sabom's (1982) case study seems to be the major reply to suggestions that hypercapnia may have a causal role in NDEs. We argue, however, that routine arterial measures of blood gases are not a reliable indicator of cerebral levels. 相似文献
112.
Carol A. Fowler Catherine T. Best Gerald W. Mcroberts 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1990,48(6):559-570
Phonetic segments are coarticulated in speech. Accordingly, the articulatory and acoustic properties of the speech signal during the time frame traditionally identified with a given phoneme are highly context-sensitive. For example, due to carryover coarticulation, the front tongue-tip position for HI results in more fronted tongue-body contact for a /g/ preceded by /l/ than for a /g/ preceded by /r/. Perception by mature listeners shows a complementary sensitivity—when a synthetic /da/-/ga/ continuum is preceded by either /al/ or /ar/, adults hear more /g/s following HI rather than Irl. That is, some of the fronting information in the temporal domain of the stop is perceptually attributed to /l/ (Mann, 1980). We replicated this finding and extended it to a signaldetection test of discrimination with adults, using triads of disyllables. Three equidistant items from a /da/-/ga/ continuum were used preceded by /al/ and /ar/. In the identification test, adults had identified item ga5 as “ga”, and dal as “da”, following both /al/ and /ar/, whereas they identified the crucial item d/ga3 predominantly as “ga” after /al/ but as “da” after /ar/. In the discrimination test, they discriminated d/ga3 from dal preceded by /al/ but not /ar/; compatibly, they discriminated d/ga3 readily from ga5 preceded by /ar/ but poorly preceded by /al/. We obtained similar results with 4-month-old infants. Following habituation to either ald/ga3 or ard/ga3, infants heard either the corresponding ga5 or dal disyllable. As predicted, the infants discrimi-nated d/ga3 from dal following /al/ but not /ar/; conversely, they discriminated d/ga3 from ga5 following /ar/ but not /al/. The results suggest that prelinguistic infants disentangle consonant-consonant coarticulatory influences in speech in an adult-like fashion. 相似文献
113.
Hardware is described that permits bidirectional transfer of data between the Commodore 64 and an IBM-compatible PC. Commercial terminal programs can be used to transmit data. The hardware, which can be constructed for less than $15, opens up several opportunities for making good use of the cost-effective C64 computer. 相似文献
114.
Romanians suffered incredible deprivations of every sort during the decades of Communist dictatorship. Most of the country’s
1,000 psychiatrists, and most of their patients, were victimized by the political system. A few psychiatrists actively engaged
in practices amounting to torture. Many, however, became willing or unwilling participants in the political abuse of their
profession.
Such political abuses were fostered by abusive legislation and abusive law enforcement by the secret police. Abuses included:
mass detentions in psychiatric hospitals of dissidents and political undesirables; abusive interpretation of the laws in detaining
persons not suffering from mental illness; false, politically motivated diagnoses and treatment; and detention in secret facilities.
While there are honest efforts to come to grips with the past, to compensate victims of psychiatric abuse, and to institute
proceedings against abusers, there is also much resistance to reform. Reform-minded Romanian psychiatrists deserve the support
of their western colleagues in the effort to restore Romanian psychiatry. In particular, professional colleagues all over
the world are asked to comment on the draft law currently pending before the Romanian parliament, which is intended to restore
the rule of law to the practice of psychiatry in Romania.
Report of a consultative mission to Bucharest, on behalf of the Geneva Initiave on Psychiatry, 7 June to 12 June 1992, by
Nanci Adler, Historian-Sovietologist, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; G.O.W. Mueller, Distinguished
Professor of Criminal Justice, Rutgers — The State University of New Jersey, U.S.A.; Mohammed Ayat, Professor of Criminology
and Penal Law, Université de Fes, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, FEs, Morocco.
The Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry is a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization, dedicated to the introduction and preservation
of ethical practices in the psychiatric profession, in accordance with medical ethics, the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, and U.N. standards and guidelines. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the organization is currently providing technical and
financial assistance to the newly established free, independent, democratic psychiatric associations in Russia, Ukraine, Romania,
and other countries. The General Secretary of the organization is Robert van Voren; the board is composed of professionals
from some twenty countries.
This article was based on meetings at governmental and parliamentary offices, nongovernmental organizations, and embassies
as well psychiatric institutions with, among others, the following persons: Dr. Lucian Alexandrescu, V-P Radu Ciuceanu, Mr.
Comsa, Proc. Gen’l. Ulpiu Cereceanu, Mr. Nistor Cristea, Mr. Dinu Ianculescu, Prof. Dr. George Ionescu, Miss Cristina Luzoscu,
Dr. Zaharia Nicolae, Mr. Iancu Petrescu, Dr. Dan Prelipcianu, Min. Mircea Ionescu-Quintus, Dr. Aurel Romila, Av. Nicolae Stefanescu-Draganesti,
Dir. Dr. Tomescu, Dr. Alexandru Trifan, Dr. Valeriu Tuculescu, and numerous victims, diplomats, and Romanian citizens. 相似文献
115.
G. A. Nesvetailov’s 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1993,6(1):38-51
In this paper a method is outlined for measuring the diversity of the results of applied R&D with the use of IPC (International
Patent Classification). The method has been tested in the contexts of the academic physical, engineering, and chemical institutes.
The trend of applied research at a given institute increases both at the level of classes and subclasses, and at the IPC level.
Inventions developed within specializations at each institute have a greater efficiency than other forms of inventive activity.
The objective was to seek the optimal extent of diversification of applied R&D, which would simultaneously ensure the preservation
of the scientific specialization of an institute, the high level of scientific research associated with developing innovations,
and the high overall efficiency of each institute. 相似文献
116.
Marja Alestalo’s 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1993,6(1):52-66
Finland has followed the Scandinavian model of the welfare state in which the level of state activism is high, the economic
pressures on the scientific activities are strong, and the left-wing parties and the Center Party have formulated the main
ideas. In the 1970s welfare ideology was adopted in science policy by emphasizing the promotion of socially relevant scientific
activities and the expansion of the university system as a means of effecting equal opportunity. Currently, the trend is toward
a mixed welfare economy. Programs have been prepared in spite of the radical cut in government expenditure, and without a
consideration of the long-term consequences. 相似文献
117.
William J. Sweeney Ph.D. Erin Salva M.A. John O. Cooper Ed.D. Carolyn Talbert-Johnson Ph.D. 《Journal of Behavioral Education》1993,3(4):427-443
We used delayed multiple-baseline and multiple-probe techniques to assess the effects of self-evaluation training on the legibility of cursive handwriting. Five secondary special education students with difficult-to-read handwriting served as participants. All participants improved the legibility of their handwriting during self-evaluation training. A systematic withdrawal of the training package demonstrated maintenance of treatment effects. For the most part, the students' handwriting remained at least 90% legible to judges following the systematic withdrawal of the self-evaluation training. 相似文献
118.
An X Windows software tool for the construction of faces with a weighted combination of eigenvectors is described. The eigenvectors were extracted from an autoassociative matrix that comprised 100 face images. The program input consists of eigenvectors and sets of weights that describe individual faces and combines these to create face images. The tool creates a panel of buttons that permits the display of individual eigenvectors and the display of an average face as well. Facilities for on-line changes to the intensity of individual eigenvectors can be used to change the appearance of a face. Previously, O’Toole, Abdi, Deffenbacher, and Bartlett (1991) have shown that the intensity of certain individual eigenvectors contains reliable information for determining the sex and race of the face. 相似文献
119.
A collection of 4,741 word fragments that have a unique completion is described. All word fragments are specified by two letters (e.g.,__Q__U__can only be completed by the word LIQUEURS). The words completing these fragments range in length from five to nine letters. The fragments are unique with respect to a pool of 146,205 words, which helps rule out the possibility that obscure words could be used as a completion to the fragments. The collection of fragments as well as the words that complete them is available in ASCII format on computer disks or in printed form. 相似文献
120.
Catherine Kirchmeyer 《Sex roles》1993,28(9-10):531-552
A more balanced view of nonwork-to-work spillover was advanced here. The concentration of research on the negative side may serve to support some damaging assumptions about professional women. A sample of 221 experienced managers indicated how parenting, community work, and recreation affected work both positively and negatively, and the extent they used certain coping strategies. Women comprised 35% of the sample and ethnic minorities comprised 18%. The managers agreed more strongly with statements about positive nonwork-to-work spillover than with those about the negative side. Women and men reported largely the same levels of nonwork involvement, time commitment, satisfaction, positive spillover, and use of the coping strategies. Compared to men, women did report lower negative spillover overall, and greater use of the strategies when they were parents. The findings suggest that employers should be less concerned with how active women are in nonwork, and more concerned with how well both men and women manage their various life domains. 相似文献