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91.
Cognitive analysis of a case of pure dysgraphia 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
An Italian patient with a pure dysgraphia who incorrectly spelled words and nonwords is described. The spelling errors made by the patient were not affected by lexical factors (e.g., frequency, form class) and were qualitatively the same for words and nonwords. The pattern of writing performance is discussed in relation to current models of writing and, specifically, in relation to the role of the Output Grapheme Buffer and Phoneme-Grapheme Conversion in writing. 相似文献
92.
Claudio Sica Caterina Novara Stella Dorz Ezio Sanavio 《Personality and individual differences》1997,23(6):1025-1029
The internal structure of the COPE inventory (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989), a questionnaire which measures 15 different coping strategies, was studied. The Italian version of COPE was administered to 521 undergraduate students. Alpha and test-retest reliabilities were very similar to those obtained in the above American study. A rotated factor analysis resulted in 13 factors, which came out in a different order with respect to those obtained in the original study. A second-order factor analysis yielded five factors similar to those obtained by Carver etal., except for ‘Turning to religion’, which was present in the Italian study only. It is concluded that the Italian version of COPE has good construct validity and that the traditional taxonomy of coping strategies should also be studied in the light of transcultural differences. 相似文献
93.
Francesca Chiesi Giorgio Gronchi Caterina Primi 《Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale》2008,62(3):188-191
Conjunctive probabilistic reasoning has been studied at different ages to ascertain whether the conjunction fallacy is due to a task demand misinterpretation. Such a misinterpretation might occur because a task that requires a comparison between a superordinate class A and a subordinate class A&B is mistakenly interpreted as requiring a comparison between the two complementary subordinate classes of A (i.e., A&B and A¬B). Children (7- and 10-year-olds) and adults were required to make conjunctive probability judgments about problems for which explicit objective probabilities were provided. The total number of A items was kept constant and the frequencies of the A&B and of the A¬B items varied across problems. When the number of A&B items was smaller than the number of A¬B items, the frequency of congruent responses increased with age. When the number of A&B items was greater or equal to that of the A¬B items, the frequency of correct answers decreased. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
94.
Two event-related potential (ERP) experiments were used to examine the representation of object feature information and background
knowledge in semantic memory. Participants were trained on novel object categories with three features and were tested with
new exemplars that were complete or were missing one to two features that were essential or nonessential to object function.
In both a category membership judgment task (Experiment 1) and a parts detection task (Experiment 2), the N400, a functionally
specific measure of semantic access, was graded with feature number but was insensitive to knowledge-based feature importance.
A separable ERP effect related to knowledge was seen in Experiment 1 as an enhanced frontocentral negativity (beginning ∼300
msec) to exemplars missing a nonessential versus an essential feature, but this effect did not manifest when background knowledge
was less task relevant (Experiment 2). Thus, similarity- and knowledge-based effects are separable, and the locus of knowledge
effects varies with task demands but does not seem to arise from facilitated semantic access. 相似文献
95.
High impact running improves learning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Winter B Breitenstein C Mooren FC Voelker K Fobker M Lechtermann A Krueger K Fromme A Korsukewitz C Floel A Knecht S 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2007,87(4):597-609
Regular physical exercise improves cognitive functions and lowers the risk for age-related cognitive decline. Since little is known about the nature and the timing of the underlying mechanisms, we probed whether exercise also has immediate beneficial effects on cognition. Learning performance was assessed directly after high impact anaerobic sprints, low impact aerobic running, or a period of rest in 27 healthy subjects in a randomized cross-over design. Dependent variables comprised learning speed as well as immediate (1 week) and long-term (>8 months) overall success in acquiring a novel vocabulary. Peripheral levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and catecholamines (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine) were assessed prior to and after the interventions as well as after learning. We found that vocabulary learning was 20 percent faster after intense physical exercise as compared to the other two conditions. This condition also elicited the strongest increases in BDNF and catecholamine levels. More sustained BDNF levels during learning after intense exercise were related to better short-term learning success, whereas absolute dopamine and epinephrine levels were related to better intermediate (dopamine) and long-term (epinephrine) retentions of the novel vocabulary. Thus, BDNF and two of the catecholamines seem to be mediators by which physical exercise improves learning. 相似文献
96.
97.
Magdalena Formanowicz Janin Roessel Caterina Suitner Anne Maass 《European journal of social psychology》2017,47(5):566-579
Basic grammatical categories may carry social meanings irrespective of their semantic content. In a set of four studies, we demonstrate that verbs—a basic linguistic category present and distinguishable in most languages—are related to the perception of agency, a fundamental dimension of social perception. In an archival analysis of actual language use in Polish and German, we found that targets stereotypically associated with high agency (men and young people) are presented in the immediate neighborhood of a verb more often than non‐agentic social targets (women and older people). Moreover, in three experiments using a pseudo‐word paradigm, verbs (but not adjectives and nouns) were consistently associated with agency (but not with communion). These results provide consistent evidence that verbs, as grammatical vehicles of action, are linguistic markers of agency. In demonstrating meta‐semantic effects of language, these studies corroborate the view of language as a social tool and an integral part of social perception. 相似文献
98.
99.
Immacolata Di Napoli Salvatore Di Martino Barbara Agueli Caterina Arcidiacono Ciro Esposito 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2023,33(1):152-173
Transitioning to adulthood is a fundamental yet challenging phase in human development. Despite its relevance, the literature has paid little attention to the impact that transitioning to adulthood has on multiple aspects of individual well-being. This is one of the few attempts that has employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study to explore how the path to adulthood impacted on the psychological and overall well-being of Italian young adults. In the quantitative phase, we employed two-step cluster analysis to assign 45 young adults, who had completed the Italian I COPPE scale of multidimensional well-being, to three clusters based on their level of change in psychological and overall well-being. Results from mixed design ANCOVA revealed that participants belonging to the high change cluster showed the highest significant positive change over time with respect to well-being. In the qualitative phase, 17 individuals took part in focalized narrative interviews, which aimed at exploring significant events, barriers, and facilitators, which had impacted on their well-being during the transition to adulthood. The textual material was analysed through the Grounded Theory Methodology. It emerged that the state of transition was associated with some triggering events and a temporary negative impact on the interviewees' well-being. However, findings also revealed that people assigned to different clusters had put in place or learned several resources, skills, and copying strategies, which led to different transitional and well-being outcomes. 相似文献
100.
Daniela Frascaroli Caterina Gozzoli Chiara D'Angelo 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2016,72(5-6):304-318
This article has come about from two considerations: on one hand, living together in a work environment is becoming more and more challenging; on the other, training professionals at work represents a used and relevant action incentive in order to support and improve individual, group, and organizational development. In light of the fact that organizations are asking more and more complex questions, this work aims at developing a reflection on how adopting a certain perspective and educational method is particularly suitable to support the organization to achieve substantial outcomes, such as developing generative living and working together in organizations. In this article, we will analyze two illustrative cases, underlining evolution and learning process with a particular focus on the consequences of living and working together in organizations. 相似文献