Cristina Senín-Calderón  Jenifer Gálvez-González  Salvador Perona-Garcelán  Carlos Camacho  Juan F. Rodríguez-Testal 《International journal of psychology》2020,55(5):832-841

This study examined a moderated mediation model testing whether dysmorphic concern is related to behaviour altered to change appearance. This relationship is potentially mediated by depressive symptomatology (dysphoria and self-esteem) and ideas of reference about “laughing, commenting” and “attention, appearance,” and each mediated relationship moderated by sex. The sample was made up of 3377 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old (M_age = 14.52; SD = 1.65, 56.5% girls). The results showed that dysphoria and ideas of reference about “laughing, commenting” and “attention, appearance” partially mediated the relationship between dysmorphic concern and behavioural impairment related to body image. The relationship with dysphoria was moderated by sex, such that the mediation effect was stronger in girls than in boys. This result implies that girls who are worried about some characteristic of their appearance and show dysphoria are at greater risk of altered behaviour involving avoidance or controlling their appearance than boys. In addition, a possible risk of body dysmorphic disorder (3.45% of the sample) was found, with very prominent hiding behaviour using clothing or control behaviours, such as frequent weighing and looking at oneself in the mirror too much. Implications of these findings are discussed.  相似文献   

    

JAMES F. McGRATH 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2020,59(4):689-690

  相似文献   

    

Wouter B. van der Sluis  Thomas D. Steensma  Mark-Bram Bouman 《International Journal of Transgenderism》2020,21(2):176-181

Abstract

Background: Different surgical procedures are available for transgender women wishing to undergo genital gender-affirming surgery.

Aim: To assess preoperative motivations, the frequency of orchiectomy procedures, and postoperative outcomes of orchiectomy in transgender individuals.

Methods: All transgender individuals who underwent orchiectomy in the period between January 2012 and January 2020 at our institution were retrospectively identified. A chart study was conducted, recording motivations, demographics, perioperative characteristics and surgical outcomes. The frequency of orchiectomy and vaginoplasty procedures during the study period were determined and compared.

Results: During the study period, an increase of performed orchiectomy procedures was observed. The orchiectomy/vaginoplasty ratio was 0.01–0.07 in the period 2012–2018 and 0.24 in 2019. A total of 43 transgender individuals were retrospectively identified. Sixteen (37%) initially wished to undergo a vaginoplasty, but did not meet institutional requirements (nonsmoker, BMI < 30kg/m²) or were not eligible for vaginoplasty surgery because of interfering somatic or mental health issues. Fourteen (33%) individuals who underwent orchiectomy regarded it as a preceding step to a future vaginoplasty procedure. Out of these fourteen, one person is now on the waiting list for vaginoplasty surgery. Thirteen (30%) others did not report a desire to pursue vaginoplasty in the future. This was mostly motivated by the absence of genital dysphoria or motivations related to their gender identity, with a desire to discontinue anti-testosterone treatment. The postoperative course was uncomplicated in 39 (91%) individuals.

Conclusion: In the Netherlands, especially in the last year, the frequency of orchiectomy procedures has increased. Reasons that people chose to undergo this procedure include: not being eligible for a vaginoplasty procedure, seeing it as a preceding step to a possible future vaginoplasty or other identity-related motivations (i.e., non-binary gender identification or absence of genital dysphoria).  相似文献   

    

Kui Wang  Yan‐li Zhao  Shu‐ping Tan  Jin‐guo Zhang  Dong Li  Jing‐xu Chen  Li‐gang Zhang  Xin‐yang Yu  Dan Zhao  Eric F. C. Cheung  Bruce I. Turetsky  Ruben C. Gur  Raymond C. K. Chan 《PsyCh Journal》2020,9(2):247-257

Impairment in semantic association has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) patients and could underlie abnormal speech patterns in both disorders. In this study, we compared the electrophysiological semantic processing features in patients with these two disorders. Participants (n = 61; BD = 19; SZ = 19; healthy controls [HCs] = 23) were administered a semantic judgment task and event‐related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Responses of the two patient groups were significantly slower than HCs, but comparable behavioral semantic priming effects were observed in both patient groups. The N400 priming effect was observed in all groups, with a delayed peak in the two patient groups. The N400 effect was enhanced for both BD and SZ patients over the left frontal and frontal pole region, but SZ patients showed additional reduction of N400 over the right posterior and occipital regions. The N400 mean amplitudes for related targets correlated with less severe negative symptoms in patients with SZ. Discriminant functional analysis using reaction time and N400 measures successfully classified 82% of the participants into their respective clinical groups. These results suggest that patients with BD and SZ have both overlapping and distinctive semantic processing dysfunction. These findings are consistent with the continuum conceptualization of these disorders, but also offer some support for the traditional Kraepelinian dichotomy.  相似文献   

    

Oliver Thomas Spinney; 《Philosophical Investigations》2024,47(2):243-257

In this discussion I argue that Peter Sullivan is wrong to suggest that Wittgenstein's position in the Philosophical Investigations involves a commitment to transcendental idealism. I show that Sullivan's interpretation involves holding that transcendental idealism was employed by Wittgenstein in the attempt to combat a Platonist mythology. I show, through a detailed appraisal of Wittgenstein's discussion of samples, that Wittgenstein's approach to Platonism does not involve any such employment of transcendental idealism. I conclude that there is no such motivation as Sullivan finds in Wittgenstein for endorsing transcendental idealism, and that we ought not, therefore, ascribe to him such a view.  相似文献   

    

Thomas I. Vaughan-Johnston;Faizan Imtiaz;Li-Jun Ji;Rubina Hanif;Devin I. Fowlie;Jill A. Jacobson; 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2024,27(2):231-247

The cross-cultural universality of people's pursuit of positive self-esteem is frequently disputed. Most research in this area has contrasted cultures of dignity (Western) and face cultures (East Asian), but less attention has been given to other cultures' views of self-esteem. In the present work, we examined Pakistan as uniquely influenced by honour culture and South Asian argumentation culture principles, and we contrasted it with Canada (a Western culture of dignity). Across two studies, Pakistanis had less positive self-esteem discrepancies (i.e., Pakistanis had minimal or no desire for higher self-esteem) compared to Canadians (who desired much higher self-esteem than they actually had). Pakistanis also believed less in the agentic benefits of high self-esteem but more in the communal benefits of high self-esteem than did Canadians. Differences in each cultures' beliefs about self-esteem's causal powers partially accounted for the differences in self-esteem discrepancies. These findings suggest unique conceptualizations of the value of self-esteem in distinct cultures.  相似文献   

    

Stephanie K. V. Peschel;Sophia Fürtjes;Christine Sigrist;Catharina Voss;Johanna Berwanger;Theresa M. Ollmann;Hanna Kische;Frank Rückert;Julian Koenig;Lars Pieper;Katja Beesdo-Baum; 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2024,65(2):252-263

Experiences of tension and difficulties in emotion regulation have been linked to eating pathology in clinical samples and are targeted in respective treatment approaches. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of tension on engagement in disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) and potential moderating effects of trait emotion regulation in young people from the general population. A subsample of 971 adolescents and young adults from an epidemiological cohort study reported on levels of tension and four different DEBs (skipping eating, restrained eating, eating large amounts of food, loss-of-control-eating) via ecological momentary assessment (EMA), as well as on trait emotion regulation via questionnaire. In multilevel models, momentary tension did not predict levels of subsequent DEBs. However, higher average levels of tension across the EMA period predicted higher levels of all DEBs. No interactions with emotion regulation emerged. Individuals experiencing overall higher levels of tension appear to be more prone to engaging in DEBs.  相似文献   

    

C F Darley  R L Klatzky  R C Atkinson 《Journal of experimental psychology. General》1972,96(1):232-234

  相似文献   

    

C F Schramm  H D Kimmel 《Journal of experimental psychology. General》1970,84(2):239-243

  相似文献   

    

D J Lonowski  F E Sterling  J C Kennedy 《Psychological reports》1979,44(1):15-20

  相似文献