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191.
Sederer LI 《Behavioral sciences & the law》1994,12(4):367-378
Managed care and organized systems of care are restructuring the delivery of care in the United States. As care is reorganized, physician practice styles, autonomy, and compensation are undergoing profound changes. To successfully integrate physicians into the new managed systems of care, their organizational relationship to and their compensation within these systems must be carefully considered. This paper first explores physician motivation as it is related to compensation. The paper then describes a variety of emerging organizational designs aimed at aligning the interests of physicians and hospitals. The author considers fully integrated, physician-hospital organizations with target income compensation arrangements to be most suitable to the collective success of professionals and organized systems of care. The paper concludes with a discussion of the many dilemmas and challenges posed by the intertwining of managed care, organized networks of care, and professional compensation. 相似文献
192.
Seven undergraduates participated in a concurrent-choice experiment with monetary reinforcers. Response-independent analogues of variable-interval and variable-ratio schedules were used to assess whether subjects would maximize reinforcement rate. The optimal pattern of behavior, in terms of maximizing reinforcement rate, involved a large bias toward the ratio alternative, with only occasional sampling of the interval schedule. Most experiments with pigeons, however, demonstrate matching of response rates to reinforcement rates, with only slight biases for the ratio schedule. Although subjects in the present experiment allocated more time to the ratio alternative than required by matching, the magnitude of the bias did not approximate that predicted by a maximizing account. After exposure to clock stimuli correlated with the operation of each schedule, 1 subject's behavior did show a substantial level of bias, increasing the total number of reinforcers obtained, and lay at a point between the predictions of matching and maximizing. The other subjects, however, continued to respond less optimally. The present results can be accounted for by a view of matching that incorporates the effects of delayed reinforcement. 相似文献
193.
GLOBAL PROCESSING OF BIOLOGICAL MOTIONS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract— The structure of the human form is quickly and unequivocably recognized from 10 to 13 points of light moving as if attached to the major joints and head of a person walking Recent psychophysical and computational models of this process suggest that these displays are organized by low-level processing constraints that delimit the pair-wise connections of the point lights In the current research, these low-level constraints were rendered uninformative by a masking paradigm The results from four experiments converged to show that the perception of structure in a point-light walker display does not require the prior detection of individual features or local relations 相似文献
194.
Charles A. Waehler Susan I. Hardin James R. Rogers 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1994,73(1):88-93
Fee as a variable that could have an impact on college students' perceptions of counseling was explored because of the authentic concerns about college counseling centers needing to charge direct fees for their services. Participants (N = 350) represented a cross-section of potential consumers of psychological services, not just individuals currently receiving services. On an overt level, fees seemed to be less influential in counseling considerations, but were taken into account on a more covert level. This study supports the psychological literature, which suggests that fee is not the most important factor in clients' decisions to seek counseling. Implications for counselors, administrators, researchers, and program planners are discussed. 相似文献
195.
Amy E. Kerr Michael J. Patton Richard T. Lapan Hope I. Hills 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1994,73(2):204-210
Researchers investigated the relationship between measures of interpersonal behavior and narcissism. Eight octant measures of interpersonal behavior were constructed, and validity and reliability estimates were obtained. High school and junior high school students (N = 333) completed five measures of narcissistic vulnerability, eight octant measures of interpersonal behavior, and a measure of social desirability. Canonical correlational analysis indicated a specific pattern of interpersonal behaviors for individuals with differing levels and types of narcissistic vulnerability. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that scores on several of the scales were found to differ significantly by sex and by treatment for emotional, behavioral, or educational difficulties. Implications for counseling are considered. 相似文献
196.
Memory Changes in Normal Aging 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fergus I.M. Craik 《Current directions in psychological science》1994,3(5):155-158
197.
Malcolm James Ree Thomas R. Carretta 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》1994,2(4):209-216
A study was conducted to investigate the nexus of cognitive and psychomotor tests as might be used for personnel selection and assessment. These two domains are frequently seen as independent. A multiple aptitude cognitive test battery and a psychomotor test battery were administered to 354 United States Air Force recruits. The average multiple correlation of the cognitive tests and each psychomotor score as a criterion was 0.34, corrected for range restriction. Confirmatory factor analyses disclosed general cognitive and general psychomotor factors, three lower-order psychomotor factors, and two lower-order cognitive factors. The general cognitive factor accounted for 39% of the variance and the general psychomotor factor accounted for 29% of the variance. Residualized, the lower-order factors accounted for between 10% and 3% of the variance. The average g saturations (loadings) of the cognitive and psychomotor tests were 0.82 and 0.34 respectively. An implication for personnel selection is that the incremental validity of psychomotor tracking tests beyond the validity of cognitive tests will be small due to the commonality of measurement. A further implication of findings is the need to study the validity of the general and specific psychomotor factors. 相似文献
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