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61.
62.
Sansone, Weir, Harpster, and Morgan (1992) found that individuals intentionally regulated their interest in an activity when they had both the need (the task was boring) and a reason to exert the effort (an ostensible health benefit). The present study examined Hardiness and Conscientiousness as moderators of this self-regulatory process when individuals had the option of quitting in addition to the options of persisting and of engaging in interest-enhancing strategies. Undergraduates performed a boring copying activity under instructions to stop when they felt they could evaluate the task. Half were told that their evaluations would help researchers develop good jobs for others (Benefit). Results indicated high hardy individuals copied more letters when they were provided the additional Benefit information, and this effect was mediated through their attempt to make the task more interesting. High conscientious individuals persisted longer than individuals lower in conscientiousness independently of the benefit manipulation or strategy use. Implications of individual differences in self-regulation of motivation are discussed. 相似文献
63.
Saunders RR Drake KM Spradlin JE 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1999,71(2):195-214
Preschool children were taught four two-choice match-to-sample conditional discriminations with 10 arbitrary visual stimuli. For 6 participants, 2 of the 10 stimuli served as the sample, or conditional, stimuli in all discriminations. For 5 additional participants, the same pair of stimuli served as the discriminative, or comparison, stimuli in all discriminations. Equivalence classes were established with more participants in the latter group, replicating prior research with participants with retardation. Four participants, in whom equivalence classes were established and who were available for further participation, were exposed to new conditional discriminations without trial-by-trial feedback and involving some novel and some familiar stimuli. Consistent conditional responding was observed, and tests for inclusion of the novel stimuli in the original classes showed class expansion. Training to reverse the unreinforced conditional performances produced a reversal of class membership in 3 of 4 participants, an outcome not consistent with other studies. The results are discussed with respect to the interaction of class structure and size. 相似文献
64.
Carolyn Brighouse 《国际科学哲学研究》1999,13(1):53-68
Kant's argument from incongruent counterparts for substantival space is examined; it is concluded that the argument has no force against a relationist. The argument does suggest that a relationist cannot give an account of enantiomorphism, incongruent counterparts and orientability. The prospects for a relationist account of these notions are assessed, and it is found that they are good provided the relationist is some kind of modal relationist. An illustration and interpretation of these modal commitments is given. 相似文献
65.
66.
Grimes MT Harley CW Darby-King A McLean JH 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2012,19(3):107-115
67.
Sburlati ES Lyneham HJ Mufson LH Schniering CA 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2012,15(2):93-112
In order to treat adolescent depression, a number of empirically supported treatments (ESTs) have been developed from both
the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-A) frameworks. Research has shown that in order
for these treatments to be implemented in routine clinical practice (RCP), effective therapist training must be generated
and provided. However, before such training can be developed, a good understanding of the therapist competencies needed to
implement these ESTs is required. Sburlati et al. (Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 14:89–109, 2011) developed a model of therapist competencies for implementing CBT using the well-established Delphi technique. Given that
IPT-A differs considerably to CBT, the current study aims to develop a model of therapist competencies for the implementation
of IPT-A using a similar procedure as that applied in Sburlati et al. (Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 14:89–109, 2011). This method involved: (1) identifying and reviewing an empirically supported IPT-A approach, (2) extracting therapist competencies
required for the implementation of IPT-A, (3) consulting with a panel of IPT-A experts to generate an overall model of therapist
competencies, and (4) validating the overall model with the IPT-A manual author. The resultant model offers an empirically
derived set of competencies necessary for effectively treating adolescent depression using IPT-A and has wide implications
for the development of therapist training, competence assessment measures, and evidence-based practice guidelines. This model,
therefore, provides an empirical framework for the development of dissemination and implementation programs aimed at ensuring
that adolescents with depression receive effective care in RCP settings. Key similarities and differences between CBT and
IPT-A, and the therapist competencies required for implementing these treatments, are also highlighted throughout this article. 相似文献
68.
Drebing CE Mueller L Van Ormer EA Duffy P LePage J Rosenheck R Drake R Rose GS King K Penk W 《Psychological services》2012,9(1):49-63
The current study provides naturalistic data documenting the pathways-to-care to vocational services for 155 veterans who were receiving some form of mental health care from the Veterans Health Administration and had a vocational need but were not currently enrolled in vocational services. Of the participants, 94.2% had recognized their vocational need, 80.6% reported that they or someone else had sought help to alleviate the need, and 77.4% had previously received some form of vocational services. The median length of the participants' vocational need was more than 4.2 years. Delays associated with recognition, help-seeking, and treatment entry all contributed to the overall delay in entering appropriate care. Filtering factors associated with quicker recognition, seeking help, and receiving services included diagnosis, level of disability, type of vocational need, and support from primary providers, family, and friends. The results provide information for designing interventions to improve service entry by adults with mental health problems and vocational needs. 相似文献
69.
Carolyn S. Dewa Lorne Tugg Vicky Stergiopoulos Abbas Ghavam-Rassoul Wayne K. deRuiter 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2012,42(1):45-54
A number of studies have consistently reported that there is a greater prevalence of mental illness among the most socioeconomically disadvantaged. At the same time, there is evidence that services are not optimally accessed by the most socioeconomically disadvantaged; the most in need of care are also the most likely to have unmet healthcare needs. Of people with mental illnesses, those with severe mental illnesses (SMI) are the most at risk of poverty and the least likely to have optimal care. In the past, specialized community mental health services have been identified as the primary provider for people with SMI. However, there is growing interest in using the primary care setting as the main source of mental health care where both medical treatment and psychotherapy can be accessed. In this paper, we examine factors related to primary care use (and in turn, pharmacologic and psychotherapies) for people who are socioeconomically disadvantaged and who have a SMI. 相似文献
70.
The roles of belief in a just world (BJW) and discrimination against ones' group in perceptions of personal discrimination were examined. Female participants (n = 63) were personally discriminated against in a laboratory setting. We manipulated whether the experimenter appeared to discriminate against other participants, which presumably made the presence of personal discrimination less ambiguous, or did not appear to discriminate against others, which presumably made personal discrimination more ambiguous. In the no group discrimination condition, but not in the group discrimination condition, participants' perceptions of being personally discriminated against depended on individual differences in BJW: Women with a strong BJW perceived less personal discrimination than those with a weak BJW. Also, strong BJW women in the group discrimination condition perceived less personal discrimination than strong BJW women in the no group discrimination condition. 相似文献