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591.
592.
Parental affect and childrearing beliefs uniquely predict mothers' and fathers' ratings of children's behavior problems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Matthew K. Mulvaney Carolyn J. Mebert Jacqueline Flint 《Journal of applied developmental psychology》2007,28(5-6):445
The focus of this study was to examine the relations between parental characteristics and ratings of children's behavior problems. Although there is a considerable body of research that indicates that parental reports of children's behavior are biased by the characteristics of the parent, a number of limitations of past research have precluded definitive conclusions about the impact of individual characteristics. This study examined the role of parental affect and childrearing beliefs in determining parental ratings of child behavior in a selected sample of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. A series of analyses was specified in which teachers' and co-parents' ratings were controlled to examine the unique associations between parental characteristics and ratings of child behavior. After controlling for the co-parents' and teachers' ratings, both mothers' and fathers' psychological characteristics uniquely contributed to variation in their ratings of children's behavior problems. The specific affective and childrearing belief variables that accounted for variation in parental ratings varied by parent sex and the broadband rating analyzed. These analyses indicate the role that rater-specific characteristics may play in determining parents' assessments of child behavior. 相似文献
593.
Natsuaki MN Ge X Brody GH Simons RL Gibbons FX Cutrona CE 《American journal of community psychology》2007,39(1-2):163-176
The prospective effects of observed neighborhood disorder, stressful life events, and parents’ engagement in inductive reasoning
on adolescents’ depressive symptoms were examined using data collected from 777 African American families. Multilevel analyses
revealed that stressful life events experienced at age 11 predicted depressive symptoms at age 13. Furthermore, a significant
interaction between neighborhood disorder and parents’ engagement in inductive reasoning was found, indicating that parental
use of inductive reasoning was a protective factor for depressive symptoms particularly for youths living in highly disordered
neighborhoods. The importance of examining correlates of depressive symptoms from a contextual framework, focusing on individuals,
families, and neighborhood contexts, is emphasized. 相似文献
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595.
Julie Poehlmann-Tynan Ashleigh Engbretson Abra B. Vigna Lindsay A. Weymouth Cynthia Burnson Carolyn Zahn-Waxler Amita Kapoor Emily D. Gerstein Kerrie A. Fanning Charles L. Raison 《Infant mental health journal》2020,41(1):126-144
This study tests a group-based secular contemplative practice intervention, Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT), with parents of young children. We report on a randomized controlled preliminary efficacy study. Certified teachers administered CBCT for 20 hr across 8 to 10 weeks in two cohorts of parents with infants and young children. The intervention group was compared to a waitlist control group. Thirty-nine parents and their children, who ranged in age from 4 months to 5 years, were evaluated at pre- and postintervention (n = 25 intervention, n = 14 waitlist control) on hair cortisol concentration. Parents also completed self-administered questionnaires at both time points regarding demographics, physical symptoms of stress, parenting stress, self-compassion, and mindfulness. Children of parents in the CBCT group experienced significant decreases in cortisol at the postintervention assessment, as compared with the control group. However, parent cortisol and self-report measures did not significantly change other than a small effect on clinical levels of parenting stress. CBCT may be a positive new way to intervene with parents to lower infants’ and young children's cumulative physiological stress. 相似文献
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597.
Carolyn McNamara Barry Stephanie D. Madsen Larry J. Nelson Jason S. Carroll Sarah Badger 《Journal of Adult Development》2009,16(4):209-222
This study examined how emerging adults’ identity development and achievement of adulthood criteria were related to qualities
of their friendships and romantic relationships. Participants included 710 emerging adults (ages 18–26). Results indicated
that identity achievement was related positively to four romantic relationship qualities, but not to any friendship qualities.
Several achieved adulthood criteria were related positively to romantic relationship qualities; however, achieved adulthood
criteria were related negatively to friendship qualities. It appears that progress on salient developmental tasks of adulthood
carries important implications for emerging adults’ social relationships, but in ways that are more differentiated than commonly
assumed. 相似文献
598.
Expectations run high that accountability for student outcomes will continue to drive the education agenda with reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965). School counselors have also recognized the imperative to connect their work to school improvement goals. This article discusses action research undertaken by school counselors who used data‐informed practice to align counseling programs with the accountability expectations of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (2002) and the American School Counselor Association (2003, 2005) National Model. 相似文献
599.
Clinical theories of narcissism postulate the paradoxical coexistence of explicit self-perceptions of grandiosity and covert fragility and worthlessness. To examine the operation and time course of the latter component at a very early stage of information processing, a sequential priming study was conducted. Consistent with predictions high narcissists appear to be hypervigilant for ego-threats; they initially activated worthlessness and then rapidly and automatically inhibited it. In contrast, low narcissists neither activated nor inhibited worthlessness after ego-threat. A second study showed that conscious suppression did not elicit parallel effects among narcissists, thus supporting the idea that the effects in the first study were the result of unconscious repression processes. Differences between intentional and automatic processes in self-regulation are discussed. The findings demonstrate the importance of worthlessness in narcissistic self-regulation and help clarify how narcissists protect and defend their grandiose self-views. 相似文献
600.
Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors is an important aspect of interventions designed to improve the management of chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The present study used Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior as a framework to examine beliefs amongst adults diagnosed with these conditions who do and do not engage in low-fat dietary and regular physical activity behaviors. Participants (N = 192) completed a questionnaire assessing their behavioral, normative and control beliefs in relation to regular, moderate physical activity and eating foods low in saturated fats. Measures of self-reported behavior were also examined. The findings revealed that, in general, it is the underlying behavioral beliefs that are important determinants for both physical activity and low-fat food consumption with some evidence to suggest that pressure from significant others is an important consideration for low-fat food consumption. Laziness, as a barrier to engaging in physical activity, also emerged as an important factor. To encourage a healthy lifestyle amongst this population, interventions should address the perceived costs associated with behavioral performance and encourage people to maintain healthy behaviors in light of these costs. 相似文献