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151.
LaSalle-Ricci VH Arnkoff DB Glass CR Crawley SA Ronquillo JG Murphy DL 《Behaviour research and therapy》2006,44(10):1503-1512
Although hoarding has been associated with several psychological disorders, it is most frequently linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study assessed hoarding obsessions and compulsions in 204 individuals with OCD, and evaluated how hoarding was related to obsessive-compulsive symptom severity, psychological comorbidity, and personality as measured by the five-factor model. Results indicated that hoarding in OCD is a dimensional variable that is positively associated with dysphoria, total number of lifetime Axis I disorders, and lifetime histories of bipolar I, PTSD, and body dysmorphic disorder. Hoarding was negatively correlated with the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R) factor of Conscientiousness and positively associated with the NEO-PI-R factor of Neuroticism. When all personality and psychopathology variables were entered into a regression equation, dysphoria, bipolar II disorder, Conscientiousness, age, and Extraversion emerged as significant predictors of hoarding severity. Recommendations are made for clinicians and for future research. 相似文献
152.
Much of psychology focuses on universal principles of thought and action. Although an extremely productive pursuit, this approach, by describing only the "average person," risks describing no one in particular. This article discusses an alternate approach that complements interests in universal principles with analyses of the unique psychological meaning that individuals find in their experiences and interactions. Rooted in research on social cognition, this approach examines how people's lay theories about the stability or malleability of human attributes alter the meaning they give to basic psychological processes such as self-regulation and social perception. Following a review of research on this lay theories perspective in the field of social psychology, the implications of analyzing psychological meaning for other fields such as developmental, cultural, and personality psychology are discussed. 相似文献
153.
Avila MT Robles O Hong LE Blaxton TA Myers CS Wonodi I Gold J Thaker GK 《Journal of abnormal psychology》2006,115(4):771-778
Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum personality disorders (SSPD) and schizophrenia show similar cognitive impairments. The authors examined the contributions of SSPD symptoms and familial risk for schizophrenia to impairments on the Continuous Performance Test--Identical Pairs Version. Participants included 103 schizophrenia patients, 66 first-degree relatives (29 SSPD), and 103 community controls (26 SSPD) screened for family history of psychosis. Patients and SSPD relatives performed significantly worse than non-SSPD relatives and SSPD and non-SSPD community controls. No differences in performance were observed among non-SSPD relatives and SSPD and non-SSPD community controls. Results suggest a continuum in which risk for schizophrenia-related cognitive impairments is highest among patients and SSPD relatives, intermediate among non-SSPD relatives, and lowest among SSPD and non-SSPD community controls. Results suggest that SSPD in the absence of a family history of psychosis may be a phenocopy. 相似文献
154.
First graders' literacy and self-regulation gains: The effect of individualizing student instruction
Carol McDonald Connor Claire Cameron Ponitz Q. Monét Travis Frederick J. Morrison 《Journal of School Psychology》2010,48(5):433-455
We examined the effect of individualizing student instruction (ISI; N = 445 students, 46 classrooms) on first graders' self-regulation gains compared to a business-as-usual control group. Self-regulation, conceptualized as a constellation of executive skills, was positively associated with academic development. We hypothesized that the ISI intervention's emphasis on teacher planning and organization, classroom management, and the opportunity for students to work independently and in small groups would promote students' self-regulation. We found no main effect of ISI on self-regulation gains. However, for students with weaker initial self-regulation, ISI was associated with greater self-regulation gains compared to peers in control classrooms. The ISI effect on self-regulation was greater when the intervention was more fully implemented. 相似文献
155.
Laura M. Gaydos Alexandria Smith Carol J. R. Hogue John Blevins 《Journal of religion and health》2010,49(4):473-484
Separate from scholarship in religion and medicine, a burgeoning field in religion and population health, includes religion
and reproductive health. In a survey of existing literature, we analyzed data by religious affiliation, discipline, geography
and date. We found 377 peer-reviewed articles; most were categorized as family planning (129), sexual behavior (81), domestic
violence (39), pregnancy (46), HIV/AIDS (71), and STDs (61). Most research occurred in North America (188 articles), Africa
(52), and Europe (47). Article frequency increased over time, from 3 articles in 1980 to 38 articles in 2008. While field
growth is evident, there is still no cohesive “scholarship” in religion and reproductive health. 相似文献
156.
Carol J. Cook 《Pastoral Psychology》2010,59(6):725-735
The purpose of this article is to show how Toni Morrison’s novel, Beloved, can be used in pastoral care and counseling courses to encourage the development of empathy and to illustrate themes in the
communal contextual and intercultural paradigms emerging in the field of pastoral theology. 相似文献
157.
Nadja Schreiber Compo Jacqueline R. Evans Rolando N. Carol Daniel Kemp Daniella Villalba Lindsay S. Ham 《Memory (Hove, England)》2013,21(2):202-210
Alcohol typically has a detrimental impact on memory across a variety of encoding and retrieval conditions (e.g., Mintzer, 2007; Ray & Bates, 2006). No research has addressed alcohol's effect on memory for lengthy and interactive events and little has tested alcohol's effect on free recall. In this study 94 participants were randomly assigned to alcohol, placebo, or control groups and consumed drinks in a bar-lab setting while interacting with a “bartender”. Immediately afterwards all participants freely recalled the bar interaction. Consistent with alcohol myopia theory, intoxicated participants only differed from placebo and control groups when recalling peripheral information. Expanding on the original hypervigilance hypothesis, placebo participants showed more conservative reporting behaviour than the alcohol or control groups by providing more uncertain and “don't know” responses. Thus, alcohol intoxication had confined effects on memory for events, supporting and extending current theories. 相似文献
158.
This essay serves as an introduction to a collection of articles on group psychotherapy for children that appears in the following pages. These articles are an outgrowth of a symposium on children's group treatments presented at the 1990 Annual Conference of the American Group Psychotherapy Association. The present author provides a general overview of relevant literature and offers an orientation to the subsequent theoretical and practical integrations. 相似文献
159.
160.
Errol Hamarat Dennis Thompson Don Steele Ken Matheny Carol Simons 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2013,174(3):360-367
The authors examined age differences in perceived coping resources and satisfaction with life across 3 older-adult age groups (45-64, 65-74, and 75 years and older). The 98 participants represented healthy, socially active, community-residing adults. Group comparisons were made on 12 individual coping scales, and an overall coping resource effectiveness score was computed. No significant differences were found for 11 of the coping resources or for overall coping resource effectiveness. Similar consistencies in life satisfaction were found across the 3 age groups. The findings indicate that (a) for healthy adults, the oldest old cope at least as effectively as their younger counterparts, despite their likelihood of encountering increased levels of stress; and (b) psychologically, old age may be viewed as a time of resilience and fortitude. 相似文献