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691.
采用给数取物任务和数量比较任务,考察表面相似性与共享标签知识对96名7～16岁智障儿童数量表征的影响。研究结果表明：（1）智障儿童数量表征能力随着年龄增长而提高,11～13岁和14～16岁智障儿童完成数量比较任务的正确率显著高于7～10岁;（2）智障儿童在高表面相似物体下完成数量比较任务的正确率显著高于低表面相似物体下的正确率;（3）擅长使用数字标签的智障儿童,在数量比较任务的表现显著优于不擅长组。 相似文献
692.
本文采用手势模仿和摸物命名两个实验。对九名接受胼胝体体部切断术后1—3年的病人进行了较精细的反应时研究。结果表明:胼胝体体部切断的病人尽管没有表现出明显的认知操作障碍,但交叉模仿平均反应时长于单手模仿平均反应时,左手(平均)命名反应时长于右手(平均)命名反应时,差异非常显著。与正常人形成鲜明的对照。提示:未被损伤的胼胝体纤维代偿功能能够渐渐地补偿两个半球协同活动的缺陷;但是如果用更精细的实验检查,大脑机能缺陷仍会表现出来。说明胼胝体体部的损伤确实影响了两个大脑半球的协同活动。 相似文献
693.
694.
Manila Vannucci Claudia Pelagatti Carlo Chiorri Giuliana Mazzoni 《Memory (Hove, England)》2016,24(4):455-470
In the present study we examined whether higher levels of object imagery, a stable characteristic that reflects the ability and preference in generating pictorial mental images of objects, facilitate involuntary and voluntary retrieval of autobiographical memories (ABMs). Individuals with high (High-OI) and low (Low-OI) levels of object imagery were asked to perform an involuntary and a voluntary ABM task in the laboratory. Results showed that High-OI participants generated more involuntary and voluntary ABMs than Low-OI, with faster retrieval times. High-OI also reported more detailed memories compared to Low-OI and retrieved memories as visual images. Theoretical implications of these findings for research on voluntary and involuntary ABMs are discussed. 相似文献
695.
Mara Gorli Silvio Carlo Ripamonti Laura Galuppo 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2016,72(5-6):284-303
Nowadays, managing change in complex services requires that middle management re-designs its objects and professional practices, in order to cope with new needs. It seems therefore crucial to activate training settings that allow managers to: (1) develop research and analytical skills on their own work practices and professional objects; (2) face and manage conflict, related to every change, that represents an opportunity to reflect and review one's own practices; and (3) build new and shared repertories of managerial practices, able to support a better form of living and working together within the management community. Moving from these hypotheses, inside the setting of a training intervention conducted in an educational service, the article discusses a specific tool used to generate opportunity of exchange, and reflection, within a challenging framework of change. 相似文献
696.
Ambra Gentile;Luca Di Bartolo;Salvatore Ficarra;Sonia Ortega-Gómez;David Jiménez-Pavón;Apostolos Vantarakis;Joanna Velissari;Paula Tavares;Beatriz Gomes;Joshua Thaller;Sofia Papakonstantinou;Musa Kirkar;Francesca Glorioso;Susanna Pusa;Marina Galioto;Antonino Bianco;Marianna Alesi; 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2024,34(2):e2786
Life expectancy among young cancer survivors has increased in the last decades. Unfortunately, young cancer survivors might still experience mental and physical issues due to cancer treatment. Moreover, although physical activity is a valid tool for increasing social support and reducing the risk of obesity, sedentary behaviour is very common among young cancer survivors. Therefore, the current pilot study aims to estimate lack of social support impact on physical activity practice on mental health and quality of life. A sample of 69 Italian young cancer survivors (60% females) were included in the study and physical activity, anxiety, depression and quality of life were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. The results showed that a lack of social support for exercising was connected to higher depressive symptoms, while no influence was detected on anxiety. Concerning quality of life, the analysis of variance model showed a significant effect of the lack of social support on physical mobility but not on self-care, usual activities, pain and discomfort and general health. In conclusion, integrating physical activity in young cancer survivors' lifestyle, considering cancer-related side effects, might enhance their mental health and quality of life by providing social support at the same time. Healthcare professionals should evaluate the feasibility and support adapted physical activity programmes for young cancer survivors, to reduce the risk of depression and obesity, among others. 相似文献
697.
698.
Although literature provides evidence for the relationship between values and acculturation, the relationship between host community acculturation orientations has not yet been investigated. In this study we tested the effects of four high-order values (openness to change, self-transcendence, conservation, and self-enhancement, devised according to Schwartz's model) on host community acculturation orientations towards immigrants (devised according the interactive acculturation model) in the public domain of employment and the private domain of endogamy/exogamy. Participants were 264 Italian University students, who completed a questionnaire containing the Portrait Values Questionnaire, a measure of personal values, and the Host Community Acculturation Scale, aimed at measuring Italian acculturation strategies towards three groups of immigrants: Immigrants (the general category), Chinese (the valued immigrant group), and Albanians (the devalued immigrant group). Results showed that personal values are related to the adoption of acculturation orientations: In particular, the values that mostly impacted on acculturation orientations were self-transcendence and conservation. Values concerning self-transcendence encourage the adoption of integrationism, integrationism-transformation, and individualism and reduce the adoption of assimilationism, segregationism, and exclusionism. Values concerning conservation encourage the adoption of assimilation, segregation and exclusion orientations and reduce the adoption of both types of integrationism and individualism. Minor effects were found regarding self-enhancement and openness to change. 相似文献
699.
Beth Fairfield Nicola Mammarella Alberto Di Domenico Rocco Palumbo 《International journal of psychology》2015,50(2):161-164
This study tested the hypothesis that affective content may undermine rather than facilitate working memory (WM) performance. To this end, participants performed a running WM task with positive, negative and neutral words. In typical running memory tasks, participants are presented with lists of unpredictable length and are asked to recall the last three or four items. We found that accuracy with affective words decreased as lists lengthened, whereas list length did not influence recall of neutral words. We interpreted this pattern of results in terms of a limited resource model of WM in which valence represents additional information that needs to be manipulated, especially in the context of difficult trials. 相似文献
700.
Giulio Boccato Dora Capozza Elena Trifiletti Gian Antonio Di Bernardo 《Journal of applied social psychology》2015,45(11):629-647
The contact hypothesis suggests that the interaction between members of different groups decreases prejudice. Moderators and mediators shaping this link have been investigated. However, research about the factors that facilitate contact is not frequent. This article examines secure attachment as an antecedent of contact. Three studies provide information about various aspects of the relationship between secure attachment and contact: security is positively associated with (a) intergroup contact, which in turn is related to reduced prejudice (Study 1); (b) implicit approach tendencies toward the outgroup (Study 2); and, once again, (c) with contact through the indirect effect of openness to exploration (Study 3). In the discussion, we recommend priming both secure and insecure schemas to investigate their unique effects on intergroup contact. 相似文献