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162.
Gen Li Li Wang Chengqi Cao Ruojiao Fang Xing Cao Chen Chen Jon D. Elhai Brian J. Hall 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2019,19(3):228-236
Background/ObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine the relationship between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and executive dysfunction in children and adolescents after psychological trauma.MethodParticipants were 13,438 of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years exposed to the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. PTSD and dysexecutive symptoms were assessed using the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for Children and the Self-Report Dysexecutive Questionnaire. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted using Mplus version 7.4. Subgroup differences in trauma exposure and quality of life were calculated using ANCOVA.ResultsA 4-class parallel model was found to best describe latent PTSD symptom profiles and executive dysfunction. Individuals in higher symptom groups showed more trauma exposure and lower quality of life.ConclusionsThis LPA study shed light on the relationship between PTSD and executive dysfunction symptoms in children and adolescents. The correlation between PTSD and executive dysfunction was maintained after individual differences were taken into consideration. Our findings provide a new view on how PTSD relates to executive dysfunction and several suggestions for treating child and adolescent PTSD patients. 相似文献
163.
习得无助理论是由美国心理学家马丁.塞里格曼于上世纪60年代提出、而后在美国以至全世界引起广泛研究热潮的一种心理学理论,围绕着习得无助产生的机制及实验操作中的关键变量,形成了许多有价值的理论模型。该研究介绍了这些理论模型的起源、发展与演变.以及无助现象对人们的认知、情绪和动机造成的损害,为我们在临床上诊断和治疗抑郁提供了一个新的视角,同时为预测和矫治学生的习得无肋感提供了方法上的借鉴。 相似文献
164.
改革开放以后,一些貌似宗教却并非宗教的非法邪教组织,伴随着宗教世俗化的浪潮在我国部分农村地区纷纷粉墨登场。这些邪教多以农民容易接受的形式,宣扬世界末日论,美化神化教主,一定程度上的强制洗脑,最终达到对信徒的思想控制、骗取钱财、妖言惑众、秘密结社、危害社会的目的,对贫瘠的农村构成了相当的负面影响。邪教已成为农村中一股不可忽视的邪恶势力。一、农村邪教的危害1.农村邪教的非法活动严重威胁我国农村基层政权的稳定,这是农村邪教组织的最大危害。2.农村邪教的非法活动对农村的物质文明、精神文明建设构成了巨大的危害。农村邪… 相似文献
165.
关于阅读中的外显与内隐问题研究--兼谈高师英语阅读教学改革 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:从新课程视角,探讨英语阅读中的外显与内隐问题,为阅读教学改革提供理论依据。方法:根据外显学习和内隐学习理论,对分析性阅读和概括性阅读进行分析比较,考察被试在分析性(外显的)和概括性(内隐的)阅读的时候,是如何“投射”出自己获取信息技能的过程的。结果:(1)阅读中存在着内隐现象且具有与外显性阅读相近的阅读成绩和效率;(2)各组被试阅读过程中未见有显著的性别差异;(3)外显阅读组和内隐阅读组均存在着特别显著的年级差异。结论:对于知识的吸收掌握和应用以及阅读能力的培养,外显阅读与内隐阅读各具有特色,互为补充,阅读教学中应充分认识到外显与内隐在阅读理解中的不同效果与作用。 相似文献
166.
Shebilske WL Volz RA Gildea KM Workman JW Nanjanath M Cao S Whetzel J 《Behavior research methods》2005,37(4):591-601
We describe briefly the redevelopment of Space Fortress (SF), a research tool widely used to study training of complex tasks
involving both cognitive and motor skills, to be executed on currentgeneration systems with significantly extended capabilities,
and then compare the performance of human participants on an original PC version of Space Fortress (SF) with the revised Space
Fortress (RSF). Participants trained on SF or RSF for 10 sets of eight 3-min practice trials and two 3-min test trials. They
then took tests involving retention, resistance to secondary task interference, and transfer to a different control system.
They then switched from SF to RSF or from RSF to SF for 2 sets of final tests and completed rating scales comparing RSF and
SF. Slight differences were predicted on the basis of a scoring error in the original version of SF used and on slightly more
precise joystick control in RSF. The predictions were supported. The SF group started better but did worse when they transferred
to RSF. Despite the disadvantage of having to be cautious in generalizing from RSF to SF, we conclude that RSF has many advantages,
which include accommodating new PC hardware and new training techniques. A monograph that presents the methodology used in
creating RSF, details on its performance and validation, and directions on how to download free copies of the system may be
downloaded from www .psychonomic.org/archive/. 相似文献
167.
Xiaomin Li Zhenqiang Zhao Melissa A. Curran Roger Mills-Koonce Hongjian Cao 《Personal Relationships》2023,30(3):1024-1047
Drawing on the family stress process model and using data from 141 same-sex couples (N = 282 partners), we examined associations between heterosexist discrimination and relational sacrifices (i.e., willingness and behaviors). We also examined the moderating roles of both partners' internalized homophobia and state-level liberalism on same-sex marriage legalization. Actor-partner interdependence moderation models were conducted. Most of our findings supported hypotheses from the family stress process model. One individual's experiences of greater heterosexist discrimination were related to the partner's higher levels of sacrifice willingness and the individual's own higher frequency of sacrifice behaviors. Such associations emerged (a) among couples living in more liberal states that legalized same-sex marriage earlier, and (b) when the individual's partner reported lower levels of internalized homophobia. Yet the moderating role of an individual's internalized homophobia was the opposite of our hypothesis. When individuals reported high (versus low) internalized homophobia, individuals' experiences of more discriminative events were related to partners' higher levels of sacrifice willingness. Collectively, our study findings highlight that—when investigating how same-sex couples forge and maintain romantic bonds—researchers should consider their experiences in the social cultural context of heteronormativity, which includes the focus on discrimination, stigma, and affirmative laws and policies. 相似文献
168.
基于求职自我效能感和就业情境压力感知视角,考察主动性人格对大学生求职行为的影响及其作用机制。采用问卷调查法,在珠三角地区6所高校选取1000名大四学生进行为期6个月的追踪测查,对前、后侧均参加调查的658名被试数据进行统计分析。结果表明:主动性人格对求职行为具有显著的正向促进作用;求职自我效能感在主动性人格与求职行为之间起部分中介作用;就业情境压力正向调节主动性人格与求职行为之间的关系,即感知的就业情境压力越大,主动性人格与求职行为之间的正向关系越强。 相似文献
169.
Eun Sook Kim Robert F. Dedrick Chunhua Cao John M. Ferron 《Multivariate behavioral research》2016,51(6):881-898
We provide reporting guidelines for multilevel factor analysis (MFA) and use these guidelines to systematically review 72 MFA applications in journals across a range of disciplines (e.g., education, health/nursing, management, and psychology) published between 1994 and 2014. Results are organized in terms of the (a) characteristics of the MFA application (e.g., construct measured), (b) purpose (e.g., measurement validation), (c) data source (e.g., number of cases at Level 1 and Level 2), (d) statistical approach (e.g., maximum likelihood), and (e) results reported (e.g., intraclass correlations for indicators and latent variables, standardized factor loadings, fit indices). Results from this review have implications for applied researchers interested in expanding their approaches to psychometric analyses and construct validation within a multilevel framework and for methodologists using Monte Carlo methods to explore technical and methodological issues grounded in realistic research design conditions. 相似文献
170.