<Emphasis Type="Italic">DSM-5</Emphasis> Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Structure in Disaster-Exposed Adolescents: Stability across Gender and Relation to Behavioral Problems

Given the significant modifications to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom criteria from DSM-IV to DSM-5, a better understanding of the dimensionality underlying DSM-5 PTSD symptoms among adolescents is needed. However, to date, whether gender moderates the latent structure of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms in youth remains unclear. Meanwhile, little is known about how distinct PTSD dimensions relate to adolescent behavioral problems. The aim of this study was to fill these gaps. A sample of 1184 disaster-exposed Chinese adolescents (53.8 % girls) with age ranging from 13 to 17 years (M = 14.3, SD = 0.8) completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and the Withdrawn, Aggressive Behavior, and Delinquent Behavior subscales of the Youth Self-Report. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the seven-factor hybrid PTSD model provided the best fit to the data for both girls and boys. Measurement equivalence of this model held across gender, although girls had higher mean scores than boys on some factors. Differential patterns of associations emerged between PTSD dimensions and behavioral problems, with anhedonia symptoms most strongly relating to social withdrawal, and externalizing behavior symptoms most strongly relating to aggression and delinquency. These findings further support the gender invariance and external criterion validity of the newly refined hybrid model that best represents DSM-5 PTSD symptom structure in youth, and carry implications for accurate assessment, diagnosis, and gender comparison of DSM-5 PTSD symptomatology, and potential symptom targets for PTSD intervention among adolescent disaster survivors.     

高中生学习力的影响因素研究*

采用自编学习力及学习力影响因素问卷,对3056名高中生进行调查,建构学习力与影响因素的数学模型,探究各影响因素对高中生学习力的影响路径。结果发现,（1）影响高中生学习力的因素有六个,分别是认知能力、动机水平、精神状态、人际协调、身心优势感和学习氛围。（2）对学习力解释的贡献率大小排列依次为：精神状态、动机水平、学习氛围、认知能力、身心优势感和人际协调。（3）学习方法运用力主要受动机水平、精神状态、学习氛围、认知能力等4因素的影响;学习态度调控力主要受到精神状态、动机水平、学习氛围及认知能力等4因素的影响;学习自控力主要受精神状态的影响;提问互惠力主要受认知能力、精神状态、动机水平及学习氛围的影响。     

产品销量和推荐数对网络消费决策的影响:价格的调节效应

基于目标感染理论,探究了产品销量和产品推荐数对大学生网络消费决策的影响,并进一步探究了产品价格在大学生网络消费决策中的调节作用。两项研究均表明,产品销量和推荐数均会促进大学生做出消费决策。其中,产品价格调节了两者对网络消费决策的影响,具体表现为在选购低价格产品时,大学生更加看重产品销量,倾向选购高销量产品;而在选购中高价格产品时,大学生更加看重产品推荐数,选购高推荐数的产品。本研究为网络电商平台如何针对不同价位产品制定产品展示方案提供了理论支持和实践指导。     

融合中的变化:传统史学与中国佛教方志的发展

中国佛教方志是复杂的融合体,它既具有强烈的佛教文化情结,也有中国传统文化的痕迹,其中尤以传统史学的影响更为深远。本文从中国佛教方志的发展与分期、传统史学对中国佛教方志的影响、传统史家对中国佛教方志的态度三方面探讨传统史学与中国佛教方志发展之间的关系。     

项目功能差异在跨文化人格问卷分析中的应用

利用IRT的等级模型调查了中日两组被试关于SHIBA简易人格量表中“环境敏感性”的项目功能差异(DIF)的现状。研究发现：（1）量表中DIF的项目比例大(3/4);（2）DIF与项目内容、阈值有关而与区分度大小关系不大;（3）DIF项目间的日方特征曲线较之中方有较强的整合性。该研究利用DIF研究结果对跨文化的人格比较作了新尝试。最后提出了关于深化DIF研究的新课题     

规则分类中刺激非规则特征突显条件下的样例效应

用Allan和Brooks的实验范式,采用2（学习轮次：5轮、10轮）×2（项目类型：旧项目、新项目）×2（项目匹配性质：正向匹配、反向匹配）混合实验设计,研究规则分类中非规则特征突显条件下的样例效应。结果发现,在学习5轮的条件下,获得了错误率上的样例效应,在学习5轮和10轮的条件下都没有获得反应时上的样例效应。实验得出样例效应的产生和突显的非规则特征有关的结论。     

基于概化理论的作假识别量表编制及其作用

基于概化理论,探讨在《大学生心理资本量表》中加入作假识别量表的具体编制过程及其在提升量表信度、效度等方面的作用。通过因素分析验证《作假识别量表》的单维性;通过概化研究,研究其信效度,并嵌入《大学生心理资本量表》进行验证。结果表明：因素分析解释率为55.858%,概化研究结果显示G系数和Φ系数分别为0.825,0.809。因此,《作假识别量表》有很好的信效度,嵌入《大学生心理资本量表》后能有效地识别作假行为和筛选被试。     

科学与历史之间的现代与后现代图景

在当今的现代与后现代之争中 ,焦点已不再如后现代运动于本世纪六、七十年代首先在诸如建筑学、电影、舞蹈和音乐等领域崭露头角时那样 ,仅仅是美学趣味和艺术风格问题。这种争论关涉到道德思考和哲学思辨 ,但又不局限于此。如今 ,战场已转移到现代文化最后的 ,也是最具代表性的堡垒 ,即科学。自从在广岛和长崎投放原子弹起 ,科学的运用就成为一般公众和科学家自身道德审查的对象。而从 5 0年代后期以来 ,对于科学的批评 ,已从对其使用或滥用的批评 ,拓展到对于其基本原则的批评 ,这种批评在美国由Ｔ .库恩、Ｈ .普特南和Ｒ .罗蒂所代表 ,在…     

Resilience and quality of life among empty nesters in China: the mediating role of the source of support

Abstract

This study aims to explore the correlations among resilience, social support, and quality of life (QOL) in empty nesters to comprehend whether various sources of social support indirectly affected the correlation between resilience and QOL. We used hierarchical multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling method in this study. Resilience and support from both family members and friends significantly correlated with the QOL. Besides, both types of support played vital roles in the mediating effects on the correlation between resilience and QOL among empty nesters residing in China. Hence, the hypothesis proposed was confirmed partially. Furthermore, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of overall mental and physical health among empty nesters.     

The longitudinal relationship between angry rumination and reactive–proactive aggression and the moderation effect of consideration of future consequences-immediate

The idea that influential factors for two subtypes of aggression (reactive and proactive aggression) should be different is popular, but the common influential factors have not been examined. Such an examination could help understand the influential factors of aggression from the perspective of multiple motivations affecting the development of aggressive motivations over time. The present study argued that angry rumination would be a common influential factor for both reactive and proactive aggression. In addition, consideration of future consequences (CFC) may moderate the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. Two studies were conducted to test these hypotheses. In Study 1, a cross-lagged analysis with a 6-month interval was employed. A total of 505 undergraduate students (46% males) completed the questionnaires twice. Results indicated that after a 6-month period, angry rumination predicted reactive aggression but not proactive aggression. Furthermore, reactive aggression predicted angry rumination over time. In Study 2, a moderation analysis was performed with another 437 participants (130 males). The results partly supported our hypotheses, indicating that CFC-immediate (CFC-I) moderated the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. The present results extended prior research regarding the predictors of proactive and reactive aggression and may contribute to a greater understanding of the development of aggressive motivation. In addition, our research suggested that high CFC-I may be an important factor for the motivation change from reactive aggression to proactive aggression.