王弼“卦主说”探微——对《易传》以来“卦主”思想的继承与发展

“卦主说”是发端于《易传》并经由京房、郑玄等易学家发展的一种解易体例,在王弼那里达到了新的高峰。王弼“卦主说”包括三个方面的基本内容：“一爻为主说”、“内外二体说”和“卦名、卦辞以定卦义说”。从其“卦主说”这一侧面分析,王弼的易学具有义理象数兼用、易玄结合两个基本特征,其理论的最终落脚点是人事道德、社会政治。     

应用伦理学视阈中的三类道德推理

应用伦理学以解决当代社会出现的道德难题为己任。由于道德难题本身就反映了道德判断的复杂性和不确定性,意味着道德推理是一项必要而艰巨的任务,因此,有必要从解决道德难题的具体道德推理活动中归纳出具有典型意义的推理形式,以利于完成在道德概念、道德判断基础上进行的创造性工作。通观应用伦理学中的道德推理形式,可以概括出演绎的道德推理、类比的道德推理和辩证的道德推理三种基本形式。     

马克思的地租理论——宏观总量与微观价格的统一

从经济学说史的角度来看,对于地租问题的研究以李嘉图的地租理论为基础,逐渐演化成两种不同的分析方法:一种是新古典的边际分析方法;另一种是古典的剩余分析方法.本文在对马克思的地租理论进行深入研究的基础上,明确指出马克思的地租理论运用的是古典的分析方法,它所揭示的是资本主义宏观经济的运行规律,并且该理论体系使宏观总量与微观价格在均衡状态下达到了完美的统一.     

Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment and Severe Intrafamilial Male‐Perpetrated Physical Violence in Chinese Community: The Mediating Role of Borderline and Antisocial Personality Disorder Features

This study investigates the role of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) features as mediators of the effects of childhood maltreatment on severe intrafamilial physical violence amongst Chinese male perpetrators. A cross‐sectional survey and face‐to‐face interview were conducted to examine childhood maltreatment, personality disorder features, impulsivity, aggression, and severe intrafamilial physical violence in a community sample of 206 abusive men in China. The results suggest that ASPD or BPD features mediate between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence perpetration in Chinese abusive men. These findings may yield clinical and forensic implications for assessing the psychopathology of abusive men, and may steer the intervention of intimate partner violence. Aggr. Behav. 38:64‐76, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The amygdala is involved in affective priming effect for fearful faces

The object of this study was to investigate whether the amygdala is involved in affective priming effect after stimuli are encoded unconsciously and consciously. During the encoding phase, each masked face (fearful or neutral) was presented to participants six times for 17ms each, using a backward masking paradigm. During the retrieval phase, participants made a fearful/neutral judgment for each face. Half of the faces had the same valence as that seen during encoding (congruent condition) and the other half did not (incongruent condition). Participants were divided into unaware and aware groups based on their subjective and objective awareness assessments. The fMRI results showed that during encoding, the amygdala elicited stronger activation for fearful faces than neutral faces but differed in the hemisphere according to the awareness level. During retrieval, the amygdala showed a significant repetition priming effect, with the congruent faces producing less activation than the incongruent faces, especially for fearful faces. These data suggest that the amygdala is important in unconscious retrieving of memories for emotional faces whether they are encoded consciously or unconsciously.     

警告对共同目击者讨论后产生的错误记忆的影响

采用误导信息干扰范式,研究了事件后正确诱导与事件后误导对共同目击者的记忆准确性的影响。实验1,要求被试接受事件后诱导信息后进行线索化自由回忆,结果发现,目击者对事件后正确诱导信息项目的记忆准确性显著提高;对事件后误导信息项目的记忆准确性显著下降,产生了共同目击者误导信息效应。实验2,研究了警告对目击者记忆准确性的影响。在回忆前警告被试共同目击者提供的事件后信息不完全正确,请按照自己的记忆来完成线索化自由回忆,讨论无警告组与讨论警告组比较发现,警告并没有改变事件后误导信息效应,也没有改变目击者对正确诱导项目     

基于概化理论的作假识别量表编制及其作用

基于概化理论,探讨在《大学生心理资本量表》中加入作假识别量表的具体编制过程及其在提升量表信度、效度等方面的作用。通过因素分析验证《作假识别量表》的单维性;通过概化研究,研究其信效度,并嵌入《大学生心理资本量表》进行验证。结果表明：因素分析解释率为55.858%,概化研究结果显示G系数和Φ系数分别为0.825,0.809。因此,《作假识别量表》有很好的信效度,嵌入《大学生心理资本量表》后能有效地识别作假行为和筛选被试。     

论善与应当

一般来说,我们可以把伦理学划分为元伦理学、规范伦理学和应用伦理学三种理论形态.如果我们把伦理学体系比喻为一座大厦,那么,元伦理学通过对基本概念的定义和道德推理的有效性论证,承担着清理和整固地基的工作;规范伦理学通过提出和论证道德规范体系,架构起伦理学大厦的主体工程,而应用伦理学则是运用伦理学理论和道德规范体系解决实际生活中的道德问题,是大厦的功能和意义所在.如果这个比喻是合适的,那么,我们首先要做的就是为伦理学的建构做清理和整固地基的工作.我们对好与善、应该与应当、道德与法律三对六个基本范畴的定义和辨析就是做的此类工作.     

On axiomatizations of public announcement logic

In the literature, different axiomatizations of Public Announcement Logic (PAL) have been proposed. Most of these axiomatizations share a “core set” of the so-called “reduction axioms”. In this paper, by designing non-standard Kripke semantics for the language of PAL, we show that the proof system based on this core set of axioms does not completely axiomatize PAL  without additional axioms and rules. In fact, many of the intuitive axioms and rules we took for granted could not be derived from the core set. Moreover, we also propose and advocate an alternative yet meaningful axiomatization of PAL  without the reduction axioms. The completeness is proved directly by a detour method using the canonical model where announcements are treated as merely labels for modalities as in normal modal logics. This new axiomatization and its completeness proof may sharpen our understanding of PAL  and can be adapted to other dynamic epistemic logics.