Xuan‐Wei Lu  Apurv Chauhan  Catherine Campbell 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2015,25(5):384-399

Little is understood by the ideas that urban Chinese population holds about mental health. Insufficient research and recognition of mental illnesses, and a dearth of social resources for mental health support and promotion limit understandings of how daily life stresses restrict the quality of life of China's urban population. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with 15 middle‐age urban men, we map out men's accounts of how they battle to cope with the demands of everyday social, political, and familial pressures. The study reveals that the representations of mental health are shaped by notions of control over emotions, adherence to Confucian philosophy, familial obligations, and the need to demonstrate social obedience and conformity. Data also suggest that the participants represent stable family support along with healthy social interactions as important enabling factors of positive mental health, whereas pressures of modernity are regarded as significant disruptive factors in mental health. The theory of social representations guides the process as well as analytic interpretations of this research. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Jean M. Twenge  Lauren Dawson  W. Keith Campbell 《Journal of applied social psychology》2016,46(11):663-670

Continuing a long‐standing trend in the U.S. Social Security Administration database of first names (N = 358 million), American parents were less likely to choose common names for their children between 2004 and 2015, including the years of the Great Recession (2008–2010). These trends were similar in California (severely affected by the recession) and Texas (less affected). Over a longer time period (1901–2015), cyclical economic indicators were either not correlated with common names (e.g., stock market performance) or worse economic times predicted fewer common names. The results are consistent with increasing individualism, with limited support for the idea that economic threat leads people to embrace uniqueness and no real support for the idea that economic deprivation leads to more communal name choices.  相似文献   

    

Ines‐Lena Mahr  Catherine Campbell 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2016,26(4):291-306

Twenty years after the genocide, many Rwandans still suffer from the psychological wounds of the past. The country's mental health agenda is based on individualised and psychiatric approaches that help some but cannot be provided on a large scale. Further, many reconciliation initiatives have been based on public testimonies, which have been shown to be potentially re‐traumatising, leading to calls for small‐scale community‐based approaches to healing, which constitute a middle way between individualised and public approaches. Drawing on the concept of ‘mental health competence’ (Campbell and Burgess, 2012), this study evaluates one such approach: the Life Wounds Healing workshops offered by the African Institute for Integral Psychology. Twenty‐one semi‐structured interviews were conducted with former workshop participants, staff members and the institute's founder to investigate their views on how these workshops can help genocide survivors. The results suggest that the workshops succeed in creating mental health competence by establishing a safe social space for people to open up, increasing people's critical understandings of the processes of pain — and potential for healing — that informs behaviour change, generating bonding social capital and offering participants' income‐generating possibilities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Campbell A  Anderson CM 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2011,44(2):315-326

Tier 2 interventions are implemented similarly across students and thus serve as an efficient and cost-effective method of behavior support in school settings. Check-in/check-out is a Tier 2 intervention with documented effectiveness (e.g., Hawken & Horner, 2003; Todd, Campbell, Meyer, & Horner, 2008). Key features of the intervention include brief morning and afternoon meetings with the intervention coordinator, use of a point card on which the teacher monitors student behavior, and teacher feedback at predetermined times. The present study sought to add to the literature by examining the relative contributions of the teacher-feedback components of check-in/check-out via the use of a component analysis. Working with 4 children in a general education setting, we first evaluated the effectiveness of the procedure using reversal designs. Next, we systematically removed teacher-feedback components to assess effects on problem behavior and academic engagement. For 3 of 4 participants, we were able to remove all teacher-feedback sessions and the point card; for the 4th participant, we removed only 2 of 3 teacher-feedback sessions due to time constraints.  相似文献   

    

Donald J. Campbell  Kathleen M. Campbell 《Military psychology》2013,25(2):154-179

Although empowerment often makes a team more effective, managers do not use this tool extensively. One explanation for this is that managers fear that individuals will draw negative conclusions about their leadership abilities if they use an inappropriate degree of decision-making empowerment (DME). The current research explored this hypothesis, using scenarios to manipulate DME, organizational setting, manager gender, and task outcome. Officer cadets (N?=?173) judged appropriateness of the manager's use of empowerment; degree of leadership shown; and willingness to work for the manager. Cadets saw high DME as significantly more appropriate than low, resulting in significantly higher leadership attributions and a greater willingness to work for the manager. Findings held regardless of context or gender. Task outcome also affected attributions.  相似文献   

    

James H. Liu  Susan Miller Campbell  Heather Condie 《European journal of social psychology》1995,25(1):95-115

Heterosexual dating partner preferences were examined in a multi-ethnic context. Four groups at UCLA were studied: Asian Americans, African Americans, Latino Americans, and Euro Americans. Participants completed surveys asking them to rate a ‘typical/hypothetical’ opposite-sex member for each of the four ethnic groups on physical attractiveness, similarity, social network approval, status, and desirability as a dating/marriage partner; social identification with the ethnic ingroup was also assessed. Members of all four ethnic groups demonstrated some degree of ethnocentrism on most measures (especially partner preferences) by rating opposite-sex members of their own group higher than outgroup members rated them; however, Asians and Latinos rated opposite-sex Whites as more physically attractive than typical members of their own group, and Latinos and Blacks rated Whites and Asians as higher status. Overall, Whites received more favourable ratings than any of the three minority groups. Regression analyses indicated that social network approval (by far), similarity, and physical attractiveness were (in that order) the most powerful predictors of ethnocentrism in partner preferences. Avenues of integration and interpretation between theories of inter-personal attraction and intergroup relations were considered, including the dimensionality of ingroup favouritism, and the need for stronger consideration of social influence in theories of intergroup relations.  相似文献   

    

Campbell L 《新多明我会修道士》1980,61(728):370-377

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R Campbell 《Brain and cognition》1986,5(1):1-21

Two tachistoscopic studies on the lateralization of lip-read still photographs in normal right handers are reported. In the first, subjects matched a still lip photograph with a heard speech sound. A clear right hemisphere (LVF) advantage emerged, despite the phonological requirements of this task. This pattern of laterality failed to interact with the type of response (same/different) or with the status of the heard phoneme; both consonant and vowel matching showed the same pattern of LVF advantage, despite the significantly greater difficulty of consonant than vowel matching in this particular task. In the second study subjects were required to speak the sound they saw being spoken by a centrally displayed face photograph. The displayed face was chimeric; that is, one side of the face was seen saying one sound, one side another. Here, a rather complex pattern of results ensued. For the speakers seen a clear expressor asymmetry emerged; speech sounds were judged more accurately when they issued from the right side of the speaker's face. However, in the LVF, and only the LFV, accuracy in reporting chimeric face sounds correlated with speed in learning to lip-read, suggesting that the LVF is systematically involved even when task demands (speaking the response, phonological analysis, small, more central displays) do not, at first sight, suggest that they should. Taken together, these studies suggest that the right hemisphere could support some aspects of the processing of seen speech in normally hearing, normally lateralized individuals.  相似文献   

    

J Dubignon  D Campbell 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1968,6(1):154-166

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T A Campbell  J C Wright  A C Huston 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1987,43(3):311-327

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