A contingency model of conflict and team effectiveness

The authors develop and test theoretical extensions of the relationships of task conflict, relationship conflict, and 2 dimensions of team effectiveness (performance and team-member satisfaction) among 2 samples of work teams in Taiwan and Indonesia. Findings show that relationship conflict moderates the task conflict-team performance relationship. Specifically, the relationship is curvilinear in the shape of an inverted U when relationship conflict is low, but the relationship is linear and negative when relationship conflict is high. The results for team-member satisfaction are more equivocal, but the findings provide some evidence that relationship conflict exacerbates the negative relationship between task conflict and team-member satisfaction.     

香港道教界隆重举办第十届香港道教节

<正>3月29日下午,由香港道教联合会主办的第十届香港道教节在香港伊利沙伯体育馆隆重开幕。香港特区行政长官曾荫权、中央政府驻港联络办主任彭清华、国家宗教局局长王作安、中国道教协会会长任法融应邀担任主礼嘉宾。香港民政事务局局长曾德成,香港道教联合会主席汤伟奇,香港道教联合会会长黎显华、周铭,香港其他宗教的代表,以及来自海内外的道教界人士和各届嘉宾共2000余人参加了开幕式。曾荫权特首、王作安局长、任法融会长、汤伟奇主席分别在开幕式上致辞。     

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis,and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

The cognitive neuroscience of the cerebellum is now an established multidisciplinary field of investigation. This essay traces the historical evolution of this line of inquiry from an emerging field to its current status, with personal reflections over almost three decades on this journey of discovery. It pays tribute to early investigators who recognized the wider role of the cerebellum beyond motor control, traces the origins of new terms and concepts including the dysmetria of thought theory, the universal cerebellar transform, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, and places these developments within the broader context of the scientific efforts of a growing community of cerebellar cognitive neuroscientists. This account considers the converging evidence from theoretical, anatomical, physiological, clinical, and functional neuroimaging approaches that have resulted in the transition from recognizing the cerebellar incorporation into the distributed neural circuits subserving cognition and emotion, to a hopeful new era of treatment of neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations of cerebellar diseases, and to cerebellar-based interventions for psychiatric disorders.     

论布兰顿之规范性实践概念

布兰顿（R．Brandom）的规范性实践概念有三项主要内涵：（1）默会地遵行实践传统孕育的“隐性规则”是遵从具有明确阐释的“显性规则”的前提;（2）规范性意涵独立于因果性,是基于意向性之主客体不同方面的模态关系的差异,不可相互取代;（3）那些作为默会信念的“隐性规则”本质上并不是迥异于“显性规则”的东西,它们仍以话语推论关系为范型,仍需具备概念阐释的可能性。特纳（S．Turner）和劳斯（J．ROUSe）分别从“还原论的”与“非还原论的”自然主义立场批评布兰顿的观点。对这些批评的回应将会表明,为什么上述三项意涵对规范性实践概念而言是同时必要的。     

以生命把握生命——狄尔泰哲学方法论初探

为了以某种恰当的方式来把握作为活生生之流的生命,狄尔泰先后提出了描述心理学和解释学的方法.这两种方法对于后来及同时代的一些哲学家,尤其是生命哲学家和以胡塞尔、海德格尔为代表的现象学家,产生了重要影响,并为西方哲学的发展作出了重要贡献.然而,他的方法论也不可避免地存在着某些缺陷.这表现在:首先,他对生命哲学的理解最终还是以生物学和生理学为基础的描述心理学;其次,他对概念性表达的倚重,使他脱离了他自己所发现的历史性生命体验自身的表达;另外,他以一种"后退运动"为前提,故而他只能在记忆中反思地理解已是活生生的生命体验之流,并将这一僵死的结果客体化.虽然,这些缺陷自20世纪初就一直遭到了很多哲学家的批评,但是,如果站在我们今天的立场上来重新审视狄尔泰对生命哲学的贡献与缺失,就会发现其仍然有着不可低估的意义与价值.     

正念认知疗法对手机依赖大学生的干预效果*

使用SAS和MPAI量表从820名被试中筛选出60名被试随机分配到实验组和对照组进行实验研究。预期通过正念认知疗法对手机依赖进行干预以降低大学生手机依赖程度。结果发现:实验组被试在接受正念认知疗法为期4周8次的团体辅导训练后,手机依赖总分、失控性、戒断性和逃避性因子得分与对照组相比显著降低,正念水平显著提高。结果表明正念认知疗法对个体的手机依赖的干预效果明显。     

大学生英语语篇重复阅读的眼动研究

采用眼动追踪技术,考察重复阅读对母语为汉语的大学生阅读英语语篇的作用。研究采用2（目标词词频：高频、低频）×5（阅读遍数：1遍、2遍、3遍、4遍、5遍）的两因素被试内设计。结果发现：（1）随着阅读遍数的增加,读者的阅读理解正确率呈上升趋势,总阅读时间、注视次数、回视次数和平均注视时间显著降低,平均眼跳幅度显著增加;（2）阅读遍数与目标词词频的交互作用显著,表现为重复阅读对低频词识别的促进作用要显著大于对高频词识别的促进作用。研究表明重复阅读能够有效提高大学生对英语语篇的阅读效率。     

聋人大学生适应量表的修订

聋人大学生在适应方面存在明显不足,这些适应问题既有和健听大学生群体相同的适应问题,又有一些聋人群体存在的特殊适应问题。然而,目前尚无适用于我国聋人大学生适应力测评的标准化工具。本研究以872名聋人大学生为对象,通过访谈和问卷调查,以《中国大学生适应量表（CCSAS）》为基础,基于聋人大学生群体进行了修订,建立《聋人大学生适应量表》。结果表明：（1）问卷包含4个维度,分别是学习适应、人际关系适应、择业适应、情绪适应,共由19个项目组成;（2）修订后的问卷,项目与量表总分相关系数在0.42~0.60之间,项目区分度指标良好。量表内部一致性信度为0.90;量表总分分半信度0.85,量表信、效度指标良好,《聋人大学生适应量表》达到心理测量学指标。     

Psychophysics of perceiving eye-gaze and head direction with peripheral vision: implications for the dynamics of eye-gaze behavior

Two psychophysical experiments are reported, one dealing with the visual perception of the head orientation of another person (the 'looker') and the other dealing with the perception of the looker's direction of eye gaze. The participant viewed the looker with different retinal eccentricities, ranging from foveal to far-peripheral viewing. On average, judgments of head orientation were reliable even out to the extremes of peripheral vision (90 degrees eccentricity), with better performance at the extremes when the participant was able to view the looker changing head orientation from one trial to the next. In sharp contrast, judgments of eye-gaze direction were reliable only out to 4 degrees eccentricity, signifying that the eye-gaze social signal is available to people only when they fixate near the looker's eyes. While not unexpected, this vast difference in availability of information about head direction and eye direction, both of which can serve as indicators of the looker's focus of attention, is important for understanding the dynamics of eye-gaze behavior.