集体所有权的层次及其法律政策选择

集体和集体所有权是一个问题的两个方面,明确了集体的含义也就明确了集体所有权的含义。应当区分集体所有权在宪法、物权法与企业法上的不同含义。宪法意义上的集体所有权构成集体法律制度设计的强制性限制条件。物权法意义的集体所有权应当进行法人所有权的法律构成。集体土地可以通过多种多样的用益物权实现民事主体的独立性和民事权利的有效流转。企业法意义的集体所有权则应当给当事人的意思自治留下充分的空间。     

四川凉山彝族的"尼"与我国北方萨满的传承比较研究

凉山彝族的宗教和我国北方萨满教都属于原始宗教,凉山彝族的宗教职业者之一尼与北方萨满在传承上有许多相同之处,但由于各自社会发展的差异性,因此也带来了各自的区别与特色.     

援鄂护士抗疫叙事日记的个案研究

基于现象学取向的心理学研究,将生命故事呈现作为主要研究对象,聚焦个体叙事的微观心理,为维护公共卫生事件中的一线医护个体的身心健康与预防应激障碍提供参考框架。使用叙事心理学“部分—内容”分析方法,在新冠疫情期间援鄂抗疫护士的日记中,选择高心理弹性叙事的典型个案进行研究,发现应对身心压力的心理弹性的动态过程:一线环境的5种压力源引发个体产生5种身心负性反应,由外部环境、个体内部及二者互动的3个维度、13个类别、29个弹性因子共同提供保护。援鄂护士心理弹性具有三维度结构,以及回避、问题中心、情绪中心、文化4种组合的应对策略。     

数学学习困难初中生的中央执行系统特点

为揭示数学学习困难学生的认知过程加工特点,筛选上海111名初中生（男生46名,女生68名,平均年龄11.97岁）比较数学困难学生（55名）与数学优秀学生（56名）的中央执行系统的表现差异,通过反应停止任务和Flanker任务考察抑制能力以及注意控制能力。结果发现各种抑制和注意控制条件下,数困组学生的正确率低于数优组;在具有干扰的情况的成绩更能有效预测数学成绩;中央执行系统能力在初中总体具有上升发展趋势,数困生的发展具有波动性。因此,数学学习困难在中央执行系统中的缺损主要是对抗干扰的能力不足,而非简单的加工速度。     

Bayesian Diagnostics of Hidden Markov Structural Equation Models with Missing Data

Cocaine is a type of drug that functions to increase the availability of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain. However, cocaine dependence or abuse is highly related to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders and deficits in cognitive performance, attention, and decision-making abilities. Given the chronic and persistent features of drug addiction, the progression of abstaining from cocaine often evolves across several states, such as addiction to, moderate dependence on, and swearing off cocaine. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are well suited to the characterization of longitudinal data in terms of a set of unobservable states, and have increasingly been used to uncover the dynamic heterogeneity in progressive diseases or activities. However, the existence of outliers or influential points may misidentify the hidden states and distort the associated inference. In this study, we develop a Bayesian local influence procedure for HMMs with latent variables in the presence of missing data. The proposed model enables us to investigate the dynamic heterogeneity of multivariate longitudinal data, reveal how the interrelationships among latent variables change from one state to another, and simultaneously conduct statistical diagnosis for the given data, model assumptions, and prior inputs. We apply the proposed procedure to analyze a dataset collected by the UCLA center for advancing longitudinal drug abuse research. Several outliers or influential points that seriously influence estimation results are identified and removed. The proposed procedure also discovers the effects of treatment and individuals’ psychological problems on cocaine use behavior and delineates their dynamic changes across the cocaine-addiction states.     

大学新生生活困扰的初步研究

本研究尝试对大学新生的生活困扰问题做一个初步的调查。在广州市某大学新生入学的第一学期末对 2 97名新生用大学新生适应量表进行了测试。结果发现 :( 1 )大学新生的生活困扰涉及人际关系、专业与职业期望、独立生活、资源信息利用和学习等五大方面。 ( 2 )平均而言 ,大学新生明显感到困扰的三个方面依次是资源信息利用、人际关系和学习方面 ;而在专业与职业期望和独立生活两个方面没有感到明显的困扰。 ( 3 )在上述新生生活困扰的五个方面没有发现显著的性别差异。结论 :大学新生的生活困扰问题值得引起足够的重视 ,应该有针对性地采取一些干预措施。     

结构方程在心理学研究中的应用

近年来,在教育、社会及心理学等研究领域,结构方程模型(SEM,Structural Equation Modeling)已成为重要的多变量分析方法,并日益受到广大研究者的重视。本文旨在对SEM作简要概述,并讨论其在心理学研究中的应用,以及在应用过程中应该遵循的标准和需要注意的一些问题。     

Leader-Follower Congruence in Need for Achievement and Work Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange

While several studies have investigated the effect of employees’ need for achievement on their work-related outcomes, how leader-follower congruence in need for achievement is related to critical workplace outcomes remains underexplored. Integrating person-environment theory and similarity-attraction theory, this study investigated the influences of leader-follower congruence in need for achievement on followers’ job performance and job well-being through the mediating effect of leader-member exchange (LMX). Using cross-level polynomial regression and response surface analysis to analyze the data from 391 leaders and 1,124 followers, we found that leader-follower congruence in need for achievement had a positive effect on followers’ job performance and job well-being though the mediating role of LMX. The theoretical and managerial implications are further discussed.