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This study investigated employees’ views about how their supervisors would rate their job performance (i.e., employees’ metaperceptions). Two hundred forty employees from a high-tech firm provided self- and metaperception job performance ratings, and their supervisors also provided ratings of the employees’ performance. The study produced several notable findings, including that metaperceptions were more strongly related to supervisory ratings than were self-ratings, that meta-accuracy was stronger for task versus contextual performance, and that employees who engaged in more impression management behavior exhibited higher meta-accuracy. Discussion focuses on the theoretical and practical implications of these findings. 相似文献
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情态动词用法的"应当"和"能够"在舍勒那里以专有名词用法的"应然"和"能然"予以讨论.在舍勒看来,应然和能然各自奠基于价值之中,都与爱、人格等有着本质的联系,是德行成就不可或缺的因素.舍勒以价值伦理学为根基,对以往关于应然和能然的思想作了厘清和批判,形成了讲求应然能然均衡的德行成就论. 相似文献
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Zhikang Peng Zhiguo Hu Xinyu Wang Hongyan Liu 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(5):690-697
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the self-enhancement effect of voice attractiveness evaluation is due to general self-positivity bias and/or the familiarity effect. The participants were asked to rate the attractiveness of their own voice, a friend's voice and strangers' voices. In addition, a self-reference valence (SR-valence) task was adopted in the experiment. Significant self-enhancement effects in voice attractiveness ratings were demonstrated, regardless of whether the participants recognized their self-voice or not. However, the friend-enhancement effect was found in only those participants who successfully recognized their friend's voice. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between self-positivity bias in the SR-valence task and the self-enhancement effect (but not the friend-enhancement effect). Our findings suggest that both the familiarity effect and self-positivity bias account for the vocal self-enhancement effect, and the influence of self-positivity bias could be implicit. The present study thus provides empirical evidence to clarify the potential explanations for the self-enhancement of voice attractiveness assessment. 相似文献
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Zhang Shiying 張世英 has been widely acclaimed as a master (dashi 大師) of philosophy in mainland China. His new claim of “the myriad things as one body” (wanwuyiti 萬物一體) remains greatly influential in philosophy and aesthetics. It cannot be categorized under Marxism, Western philosophy, or traditional Chinese philosophy, because it stands on its own right. As a creative synthesizing of the three traditions, Zhang’s claim answers some important and immediate problems that China is facing. It is a pity that this claim seems unknown to the West. This article tries to introduce two crucial parts of the claim: its ontology and its theory of “spheres of living” (rensheng jingjie 人生境界). 相似文献
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Besides the well-known cube-on-cube orientation relationship (OR) between M23C6 carbide and matrix, we have determined a new OR named as the twin-related OR in a long-term ageing Ni-based superalloy on the basis of the extensive and detailed electron diffraction analyses. Furthermore, by means of atomic-resolution high angle annular dark-field imaging technique which is implemented in the aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope, we elucidated the interfacial characteristics between M23C6 and matrix for above two types of ORs. Taking into account of the interfacial characteristics, we propose that the twin-related OR possesses a higher total interfacial energy. Thus, its frequency of occurrence is lower than that of the cube-on-cube OR though both ORs are usually seen in the long-term ageing samples. 相似文献
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采用系统综述的方法对数字媒体使用与心理健康的不同关系类型做了详细梳理并总结了争议的原因。结果发现,目前理论上的争议可归纳为四大类:负相关、正相关、不相关以及U形关系。研究结果不一致的原因可能与数字媒体的使用性质、心理健康的内涵、研究的取向和设计形式以及被试群体有关。该结果有助于从宏观上把握数字媒体使用与心理健康的研究动态并批判性地看待既有研究结果。未来应将数字媒体使用做精细化区分并加强实验研究准确揭示因果关系,以便厘清该领域的争论。
相似文献28.
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词切分指读者在文本阅读过程中将词从句子或语篇中切分出来以促进文本阅读与加工的过程。本文对近20 年来汉语词切分研究成果总结发现:词间空格、词素特性、词意识、词汇预期均可作为词切分的依据; 汉语阅读存在词n和词n+1两种切分,两种切分过程中字词加工均遵循交互激活假设,切分词n过程中字词加工的交互激活特点表现为字词同等相互影响,切分词n+1过程中字词加工的交互激活特点更多表现为词汇加工影响字加工; 重叠歧义词切分遵循多重激活假设,其中被激活的单词之间的竞争机制符合竞争假设,左侧词汇在这一竞争中具有优势,此外,重叠歧义词的切分受到词频,语境的影响。 相似文献
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