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71.
Friendship maintenance behaviors and problem‐solving styles are both important for relationship satisfaction and commitment. However, the association between maintenance and problem‐solving styles is unclear. Furthermore, it has not been determined if maintenance and problem‐solving styles are individual‐ or dyadic‐level behaviors. One hundred forty‐eight friendship dyads completed measures of friendship maintenance, problem solving, and satisfaction/commitment. Utilizing the pairwise latent variable model (G. Griffin & R. Gonzalez, 1995), this research found that although there were both individual‐ and dyadic‐level components, maintenance behaviors occurred primarily at the dyadic level, but problem‐solving styles tended to be more of an individual‐level behavior. Maintenance behaviors were positively correlated with the problem‐solving styles of voice and loyalty but were negatively correlated with neglect and exit. Furthermore, friendship maintenance behaviors predicted dyadic‐level satisfaction/commitment. However, problem‐solving behaviors predicted individual‐level satisfaction/commitment. The results are discussed in terms of implications for the friendship maintenance and problem‐solving literature. 相似文献
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73.
CRAIG SMITH REX E. SCHMID LEE R. CLARK W.B. CREWS MARIANNA NUNNERY 《Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling》1988,9(1):8-17
The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there are differences in the prison adaptation of mentally retarded and nonretarded inmates. 相似文献
74.
EDWARD BOYD JONATHAN CLARK HYMAN KEMPLER PIERRE JOHANNET BONNIE LEONARD PETER McPHERSON 《Family process》1974,13(3):317-336
Assumptions family members make about each other exert considerable influence on communication in families. Rigidly held assumptions restrict the flow of information, reinforcing counterproductive behavioral patterns. Combining psychoanalytic and structural components, this paper offers a new approach to family intervention that addresses itself to the exchange of information within troubled families. Groups of families convene for a series of camping weekends. The shared life experience in a recreational setting plus the use of a teaching model help family members to break through rigid conceptualizations of themselves and others. In following the observational model, which slows down and fosters reciprocation in communication, family members pursue the following steps: (a) observe each other; (b) compare notes with a co-observer; (c) share observations with those observed; and (d) receive feedback from the observed. 相似文献
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77.
AN APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF NEURAL COMPUTATION TO THE PREDICTION OF WORKPLACE BEHAVIOR: AN ILLUSTRATION AND ASSESSMENT OF NETWORK ANALYSIS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Data from two field studies were used to illustrate four applications of neural network analysis, a statistical information technology based on the psychological theories of learning and cognition. Overall results showed that cross-validation multivariate correlations and correct classifications were greater for the neural networks than for the regression model standards of comparison. It was concluded that sufficient evidence exists to warrant further research of the newly developing neural network paradigm for use by personnel scientists and specialists. 相似文献
78.
F. CLARK POWER 《Counseling and values》1990,34(2):75-88
The author maintains that if the field of pastoral counseling is to achieve an identity that will satisfy both theologians and psychologists, then two issues must be faced. First, pastoral counselors must resolve the dilemma between the humanistic values of the psychotherapeutic community and the theological values of the religious community. Second, pastoral counselors must articulate the empirical distinctiveness of their practice. The author argues that the value dilemma should be approached through a Christian humanism that integrates the sacred and the secular without collapsing them. The author concludes with a discussion of the cognitive developmental approach as an example of a promising model for pastoral counseling practice and research. 相似文献
79.
Previous research suggests that laypersons differ as a function of gender and ethnicity in their views about the meaning of “mental health.” The current study examined agreement among psychotherapists about the nature of healthy psychological functioning. National samples of psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and psychoanalysts completed the Mental Health Values Questionnaire, a measure of value dimensions used in appraising emotional adjustment. Results indicated a relatively high degree of consensus among the four professional disciplines surveyed. Individual differences were associated with gender and with the geographic area in which the therapist was raised. 相似文献
80.
ARTHUR J. CLARK 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1991,69(3):231-236
This article suggests considerations and strategies for identifying and modifying a client's defense mechanisms in counseling. A systematic approach to a client's mechanisms of defense contributes to therapeutic gain. Inappropriate counselor responses intensify an individual's defenses and undermine the counseling relationship. Definitions of individual defenses and indicators for identifying the mechanisms are provided. A literature review focuses on the counseling implications of the defenses. The process of defense mechanism modification is illustrated through a case example. 相似文献