PPS/SPS: similar but different

Pupil personnel services and student personnel services are compared on organizational patterns, professionalization problems, and relationship to counseling. Both entities have unique problems but are not without commonalities. Student personnel workers fare better in organizational patterning and counseling, while pupil personnel workers have fewer professionalization problems. Future prospects for both services have inherent promise.     

Counseling Regulations Regarding Sexual Misconduct: A Comparison Across States

Sexual relationships with clients, former clients, and supervisees are some of the most powerful and difficult clinical issues for counselors. These issues force counselors to examine the heart of the therapeutic process: the counseling relationship. The purpose of this study was to gather and analyze different approaches used by state counseling boards to deal with sexual relationships in counseling and supervision. This information affords counselors and state licensure board members a broader view of options and issues involved in this difficult area of ethical decision making.     

SYNTHETIC VALIDITY: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE

Practitioners in the area of personnel selection can be confronted with situations in which the use of traditional validation strategies is not feasible. This situation can result from small numbers of incumbents, rapidly changing jobs, insufficient resources, or the lack of high-quality criterion data. Although traditional strategies are not possible, a set of techniques falling under the rubric of synthetic validity can be used to estimate predictor validity in these situations. Synthetic validity is a logical process of inferring validity on the basis of the relationships between components of a job and tests of the attributes that are needed to perform the job components. Unfortunately, synthetic validity is infrequently used and not well understood. This article provides an overview and conceptualization of synthetic validity, reviews the historical approaches to synthetic validity, describes the recent developments and trends, and suggests future directions for synthetic validity application and research. The relationship of synthetic validity with other validity concepts, the advantages, the limitations, and the legal issues are considered throughout.     

Why Do Fools Fall in Love (at Work)? Factors Associated With the Incidence of Workplace Romance1

We conducted 2 Web‐based survey studies to examine factors associated with the incidence of workplace romance. In Study 1, results based on data collected from 197 employees indicate that their degrees of perceived workplace sexualization and task interdependence were related to their observations of workplace romance. In addition, employees were most likely to report participating in a workplace romance when workplace sexualization and male–female social contact were high. In Study 2, results based on data collected from 80 employees indicate that their degrees of perceived workplace sexualization was related to their observations of workplace romance. Taken together, the results of the 2 studies suggest that work context is associated with the incidence of workplace romance.     

Audiotactile multisensory interactions in human information processing

Abstract:  The last few years has seen a very rapid growth of interest in how signals from different sensory modalities are integrated in the brain to form the unified percepts that fill our daily lives. Research on multisensory interactions between vision, touch, and proprioception has revealed the existence of multisensory spatial representations that code the location of external events relative to our own bodies. In this review, we highlight recent converging evidence from both human and animal studies that has revealed that spatially-modulated multisensory interactions also occur between hearing and touch, especially in the space immediately surrounding the head. These spatial audiotactile interactions for stimuli presented close to the head can affect not only the spatial aspects of perception, but also various other non-spatial aspects of audiotactile information processing. Finally, we highlight some of the most important questions for future research in this area.     

SOCIALIZATION TACTICS AND PERSON-ORGANIZATION FIT

We examined how firms' socialization tactics help establish person-organization fit between newcomers and organizations. We used a 3-wave longitudinal design that followed individuals over 2 years: we distributed the first survey before their job search began and the last survey 18 months after their college graduation. Results indicated that newcomers' subjective fit perceptions, as well as changes in their values, were associated with two types of socialization tactics: content (i.e., tactics that are sequential and fixed vs. variable and random) and social aspects (i.e., tactics that emphasize serial and investiture processes rather than disjunctive and divestiture processes). The context dimension of socialization tactics, where socialization is collective and formal (vs. individualized and informal) , was not related to P-O fit in this study.     

Human Relations Skills Training in Teacher Education: The Link to Effective Practice

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