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111.
应用《青少年心理健康素质调查表·归因风格分量表》对全国23个省市地区的44063名青少年进行了调查,对不同年级阶段青少年归因风格的发展特点进行了分析。结果发现:(1)青少年归因风格的发展存在明显的阶段性,随着年级的升高,其内在归因倾向逐渐减弱;(2)在不同年级阶段,青少年归因风格不同维度的发展方向具有一致性。 相似文献
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党的十六届四中全会提出了加强党的执政能力建设的重要任务,其中明确要求坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,不断提高建设社会主义先进文化的能力。在全会通过的《决定》中,对此要求进行了全面系统的阐述,特别强调要“弘扬科学精神,传播科学知识,提高干部群众识别和抵制封建迷信和伪科学的能力。”因此,党政领导干部带头抵制封建迷信,是建设社会主义先进文化的需要,事关党的执政能力建设,必须引起高度重视。然而值得注意的是,在近几年我国查处的各类 相似文献
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The present research examined the consequences of telling young children they have a reputation for being smart. Of interest was how this would affect their willingness to resist the temptation to cheat for personal gain as assessed by a temptation resistance task, in which children promised not to cheat in the game. Two studies with 3‐ and 5‐year‐old children (total N = 323) assessed this possibility. In Study 1, participants were assigned to one of three conditions: a smart reputation condition in which they were told they have a reputation for being smart, an irrelevant reputation control condition, or a no reputation control condition. Children in the smart reputation condition were significantly more likely to cheat than their counterparts in either control condition. Study 2 confirmed that reputational concerns are indeed a fundamental part of our smart reputation effect. These results suggest that children as young as 3 years of age are able to use reputational cues to guide their behavior, and that telling young children they have a positive reputation for being smart can have negative consequences. 相似文献
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Older but not younger infants associate own‐race faces with happy music and other‐race faces with sad music 下载免费PDF全文
Naiqi G. Xiao Paul C. Quinn Shaoying Liu Liezhong Ge Olivier Pascalis Kang Lee 《Developmental science》2018,21(2)
We used a novel intermodal association task to examine whether infants associate own‐ and other‐race faces with music of different emotional valences. Three‐ to 9‐month‐olds saw a series of neutral own‐ or other‐race faces paired with happy or sad musical excerpts. Three‐ to 6‐month‐olds did not show any specific association between face race and music. At 9 months, however, infants looked longer at own‐race faces paired with happy music than at own‐race faces paired with sad music. Nine‐month‐olds also looked longer at other‐race faces paired with sad music than at other‐race faces paired with happy music. These results indicate that infants with nearly exclusive own‐race face experience develop associations between face race and music emotional valence in the first year of life. The potential implications of such associations for developing racial biases in early childhood are discussed. 相似文献
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Do storybooks with anthropomorphized animal characters promote prosocial behaviors in young children? 下载免费PDF全文
For millennia, adults have told children stories not only to entertain but also to impart important moral lessons to promote prosocial behaviors. Many such stories contain anthropomorphized animals because it is believed that children learn from anthropomorphic stories as effectively, if not better than, from stories with human characters, and thus are more inclined to act according to the moral lessons of the stories. Here we experimentally tested this belief by reading preschoolers a sharing story with either human characters or anthropomorphized animal characters. Reading the human story significantly increased preschoolers' altruistic giving but reading the anthropomorphic story or a control story decreased it. Thus, contrary to the common belief, realistic stories, not anthropomorphic ones, are better for promoting young children's prosocial behavior. 相似文献