TWO IMAGES OF MAN: CONFUCIAN AND KANTIAN

The main point of this paper is that the two images of man (Kantian and Confucian) are radically different from each other. The mainstream Con-fucianists (Confucius- cum -Mencius and their followers) and Kant have different foci and address different concerns and problems. Further, their manners of presentation are different, and the manners are reflections of the substantive issues they address respectively.     

Maintenance Communication in Superior-Subordinate Work Relationships

In a series of two studies, this research (a) identified strategic situations in which superiors and subordinates felt the need to maintain their relationships, (b) delineated communication tactics and strategies that supervisors and subordinates consciously enacted to maintain their relationships, and (c) investigated how superiors and subordinates in different kinds of relationship exchanges employed maintenance communication behaviors and activities in strategic maintenance situations. Findings indicated that approximately 50% of the maintenance situations that respondents identified concerned deteriorating interactional contexts, 25% concerned escalating situations, and 25% concerned routine situations. In addition, results suggested that although there may be similarities across situations with respect to the overall strategies that superiors and subordinates use to maintain their relationships, how they enact those strategies is fairly unique depending on the situation and the quality of the leader-member relationships (as perceived by subordinates).     

INTERPRETIVE PRAXIS AND THEORY-NETWORKS

Abstract:  I develop the idea of what I call an interpretive praxis as a generalized procedure for analyzing how experimenters can formulate observable predictions, discern real effects from experimental artifacts, and compare predictions with data. An interpretive praxis requires theories – theories not only about instruments and the interpretation of phenomena, but also theories that connect the use of instruments and interpretation of phenomena to high-level theory. I will call all such theories that enable experimentation to work intermediate theories . I offer an account of theory-networks that embrace these intermediate theories and explain their functions.     

Civilian Technical Employees' Work Attitudes Toward Military Employers

The authors used a survey questionnaire followed by an interview to assess civilian technical employees' work attitudes in a military setting over 2 years.     

The dominance dilemma: Do women really prefer dominant mates?

Previous research has led to a widely accepted conclusion that heterosexual women prefer mates who are high in dominance. Three experiments designed to distinguish dominance from prestige and examine moderating contextual factors challenge this conclusion. College women at 2 U.S. universities evaluated hypothetical, potential mates described in written vignettes. Participants in Study 1 preferred a high‐prestige to a high‐dominance target. With dominance and prestige manipulated independently in Study 2, participants preferred high to low prestige but also preferred low to high dominance. Participants in Study 3 preferred high to low dominance, but only (a) when displayed in the context of an athletic competition and (b) in ratings of attractiveness and desirability as a short‐term (vs. long‐term) mate.