中国哲学和沃尔夫

17和18世纪的欧洲哲学对中国哲学感兴趣不是偶然的。这件事与法国启蒙学派的唯理论和反基督教理论,以及德国的自然神论之互相渗透,有着关联。中国哲学对这些思潮具有吸引力,首先是因为中国哲学与当时开始的唯理论形而上学关系之间有内在的亲密关系。这些关系我已顺便在研究中国哲学对莱布尼茨影响时加以证明了。两派地理上相距遥远,但按其本质来看别是相近的潮流,它们的会合具有一定的特     

论真理的结构及其在哲学各主题之关联中的位置

我们持续不断地提出真之诉求,这一基本事实是我们哲学思考的出发点。真理包含了三个层面:实在论层面、实用主义层面和现象性层面,它们在根本上相互关联着,这使得真理概念具有了一个三元结构。这三个层面之间的关系引导我们进一步思考是、时间、空间、话语、意识、自由和幸福等哲学事态,并在其中发现同样的三元结构。借此,真理概念最终得到了完整论证,它在哲学上的位置也得到了明确呈现。     

Role of eye and hand initial position in the directional coding of reaching

To investigate the nature of the frames of reference used to control an arm movement aimed at a visual target, we studied the accuracy of movements differing by the initial arm and eye positions. The results support the assumption that in darkness target location is internally represented in an egocentric frame of reference. Furthermore, when movements carried out with and without eye saccade are compared, it appears that foveating the target changes the reference used to generate the reaching arm movements, that is, the oculocentric reference is replaced by a head-trunk reference. An explanation for this phenomenon could be that a steady body-related landmark is needed to insure stable registering of the target location in the surrounding space, despite displacement of the body segments with respect to one another.     

The effects of violence on infants and young children: international perspectives on prevention

People become subject to political and social violence when governments fail to give priority to basic health care or education. Attempts to meet foreign obligations also produce severe economic recessions which further impede efforts to improve the general quality of life of disadvantaged populations. Since multiple factors contribute to violence, a multidisciplinary approach is best suited to address the problem. For example, poverty and its associated risks are linked to violence, but living in poverty does not necessarily engender violence. Living in poverty may, however, fuel high rates of child mortality, illiteracy, malnutrition, excessive population growth, street children, and familial disintegration. An integrated action program was developed in Brazil for at-risk individuals and their families based upon the idea of building and reinforcing family ties and intergenerational togetherness. Undernourished infants, street children, the handicapped, women subjected to violence, and neglected senior citizens received special interventions in the program described in the text.     

Scholarship, consensus and advocacy: a comment on Cameron

While Cameron is right about the need for Christians to contribute more visibly to medical ethical debates, he is wrong in his analysis of bioethics. Marsha D.M. Fowler and Andrew Jameton find specific problems in several points of Cameron's argument, particularly where the Hippocratic Oath and patient autonomy are concerned.     

谈黑格尔哲学的意义──怀念丕之同志

丕之走了,走得那样突然。离开北京时不是还好好的！那健壮而健谈的样子,一点也不像已过七十的人。然而他的确走了,这是一个“事实”,而“事实”往往是对人不利的。“死”就是这样一种最为普遍而又最无可奈何的“事实”。我认识丕之三十多年了。1957年反右前他在高级党校工作,到人民大学听贺群先生讲黑格尔哲学的课,不久就到哲学研究所贺先生领导的西方哲学史研究组工作。那时我刚从北大毕业,他在我面前有一个高大的形象,不仅年龄比我大——其实那时他才三十多岁,他还是党内的老干部、老革命,原则性很强,我对他一直有“敬畏”之心…