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971.
972.
Kudadjie-Gyamfi E Consedine NS Magai C 《Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology》2006,12(3):509-526
The relation between coping with a possible prostate cancer diagnosis and screening behavior was examined in men from seven precise ethnic groups. Five coping styles differed in their likelihood of use across ethnic groups and had somewhat different associations with frequency of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. As expected, PSA test frequency differed among men from different ethnic groups and was differentially predicted by coping styles. Analyzing the results using typical groups of White, Black, and Hispanic, rather than precise ethnic groups, obscured these results. Researchers investigating psychological variables in preventive health behaviors must analyze diversity within the framework provided by ethnic specificity. Such an approach will guide the development and provision of interventions that are more sensitive to the characteristics of specific ethnic groups of at risk men. 相似文献
973.
974.
Strong C 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2006,6(3):67-9; discussion W51-3
975.
Several recent behavioral and neuroimaging studies have documented an impairment in face processing in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It remains unknown, however, what underlying mechanism gives rise to this face processing difficulty. One theory suggests that the difficulty derives from a pervasive problem in social interaction and/or motivation. An alternative view proposes that the face-processing problem is not entirely social in nature and that a visual perceptual impairment might also contribute. The focus of this review is on this latter, perceptual perspective, documenting the psychological and neural alterations that might account for the face processing impairment. The available evidence suggests that perceptual alterations are present in ASD, independent of social function. 相似文献
976.
Hopkins WD Russell JL Freeman H Reynolds EA Griffis C Leavens DA 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2006,6(4):553-559
This study evaluated laterality in scratching by chimpanzees (n = 89) during socially arousing circumstances. Hand use and the side of the body scratched was recorded during a baseline and experimental condition. In the experimental condition, chimpanzees were shown a video of other conspecifics sharing, fighting over, and consuming a watermelon. Self-touches were categorized as either rubs or scratches. The chimpanzees showed a significant right hand bias for rubbing and also significantly directed the rubs to the right side of the body. For scratching, the chimpanzees showed no hand preference but a significant bias for scratching on the left side of the body. These results support the view that the right hemisphere regulates the autonomic nervous system during arousal. 相似文献
977.
Valiente C Eisenberg N Spinrad TL Reiser M Cumberland A Losoya SH Liew J 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2006,6(3):459-472
Longitudinal relations between mothers' expressivity, children's effortful control, and their problem behaviors were examined when children (N = 181) were 6.5-10 years old (T2) and again 2 (T3) and 4 (T4) years later. Mothers reported on their expression of positive and negative dominant emotion. Mothers and teachers reported on children's effortful control and externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors. In structural equation models, variables exhibited consistency over time. Further, the relation between mothers' expressivity (positive minus negative dominant emotion) at T2 and children's externalizing problems at T4 was mediated by T3 effortful control. The same process of mediation was significant for teacher- but not mother-reported internalizing problems. The results provide one explanation for how emotion-related socializing behaviors influence children's problem behaviors. 相似文献
978.
We report two experiments examining whether factors that affect binding in explicit report tasks also affect implicit binding in a patient with Balint’s syndrome, G.K. Replicating prior studies, we showed that there could be implicit binding of visual
features in a patient with Balint’s syndrome who was at chance at explicitly discriminating the relations between the features.
Nevertheless, when color—form relationships were coded, we showed that G.K.’s implicit binding, as well as his explicit report
of binding relationships, was affected by the spatial distance between the stimuli. Similarly, we demonstrated effects of
grouping on both implicit and explicit binding of the spatial relations between shapes. We interpret the qualitative similarities
between implicit and explicit binding as indicating that they reflect a single process in which binding relations, initially
established preattentively, are later consolidated by attention. This later process, of attentional consolidation, is disrupted
in Balint’s syndrome. 相似文献
979.
Lind C 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2006,60(1-2):117-131
What ethical norms regarding confidentiality are applied by ministers in their professional practice? In this essay conventional ethical assumptions about confidentiality in ministry, taken from the work of Gaylord Noyce, are compared with the experiences, attitudes, and expectations of ordered and lay members of the Anglican Church of Canada and the United Church of Canada in two Canadian regions. The similarities and differences are then compared and contrasted with more contemporary theories. The study concludes that most people in the two denominations studied borrowed their ethical norms from the counseling context. Most subjects thought of confidentiality in terms of the beneficial therapeutic effects of keeping the secrets but they also articulated alternative theological grounds for maintaining confidences. Different expectations about how information is to be handled also reveal deeper theological and ecclesiological conflicts over the appropriateness of debriefing with members of the congregation. Differences between rural and urban congregations were revealed in the example of public prayer as an occasion for the breaking of a confidence. 相似文献
980.
O'Connor TS Walsh-Bowers R Psychology C Ross C Sawchuk D Hatzipantelis M 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2006,60(1-2):43-58
In this qualitative study the authors examine the Scriptural images that 10 Lutheran pastors employed in describing the ethical challenges in the pastor-congregant relationship. The analysis of Scriptural images is part of a larger study on pastors' experiences of a mandatory workshop, "Crossing the Boundaries (CTB),"which is required of Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada (ELCIC) seminarians. The pastors' images were analyzed from the four perspectives of depth psychology, theology, social ethics, and sociology. In commenting on tensions in the pastors' Scriptural images the authors note commonalities among the four theoretical perspectives and discuss implications for practice and future research. 相似文献