认真性与下属工作满意感--变革型领导的中介作用

对85名企业管理人员的认真性特质、变革型领导风格与下属工作满意感的关系进行了研究,多元回归分析的结果表明,我国企业管理人员的认真性特质能够有效地预测下属的工作满意感,其中下属知觉的变革型领导是管理者的认真性和下属工作满意感之间关系的中介变量,而这一中介效用主要是通过变革型领导的两个子维度——领导魅力和智力激发来实现的。     

Hong Kong’s Parents’ Views on Sex,Marriage, and Homosexuality

Sex education in schools has had a slow start in Hong Kong. Research has shown that many young people are dissatisfied with the inadequacy of existing sex education. This research used a survey to explore Hong Kong parents’ views on topics related to sex, marriage, and homosexuality, and when these topics should be taught. Altogether, 12 schools participated in the study. The results show that parents were reluctant to have schools discuss love and courtship with secondary students. Parents were more willing to have their children educated about the use of contraceptives and homosexuality as early as primary school. Parents expressed serious reservations about their children developing homosexual lifestyles and entering same-sex marriages. We also found differences in parents’ views with respect to age, education attained, and religion. Findings of this study were discussed with reference to future research directions and to strengthen Hong Kong parents’ contribution to the design of sex education.     

The relationship between family support; pain and depression in elderly with arthritis

The prevalence and chronic nature of arthritis make it the most common cause of disability among U.S.A adults. Family support reduces the negative impact of chronic conditions generally but its role in pain and depression for arthritic conditions is not well understood. A total of 844 males (35.0%) and 1567 females (65.0%) with arthritic conditions (n = 2411) were drawn from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study to examine the effect of family support on pain and depressive symptoms. Using regression analysis and controlling for age, ethnicity, gender, marital/educational status and employment/income, physical function/disability status, pain and antidepressant medications, and other clinical indicators of chronic health conditions, we examined the effects of family support (spouse, children, other) on pain and depression levels. Results indicated that depressive symptoms decreased significantly with strong family and spousal support (p < .05). Pain decreased as support levels increased, but was non-statistically significant. This study provides new insights into the relationship between family support, pain, and depression for individuals with arthritis. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate family support and relationships over a wider spectrum of demographics.     

Differential relations of grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism to emotion dysregulation: Self‐esteem matters

The present study aims to explore the effects of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism on emotion dysregulation and examine the mediating role of self‐esteem on these associations. Undergraduates (N = 426) completed self‐report measurements on grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, self‐esteem and emotion dysregulation. Correlation analyses indicated that grandiose narcissism was negatively correlated with emotion dysregulation, while vulnerable narcissism was positively correlated with emotion dysregulation. Moreover, mediational analyses revealed that self‐esteem fully mediated the association between grandiose narcissism and emotion dysregulation, and partially mediated the association between vulnerable narcissism and emotion dysregulation. The present study highlights the importance of self‐esteem and deepens the understanding of the associations between the two forms of narcissism and emotion dysregulation.     

Gratitude and Athletes’ Life Satisfaction: The Moderating Role of Mindfulness

Life satisfaction is a critical index of well-being and is well documented in the literature as a means of protecting athletes from stress. However, minimal research has focused on the factors that contribute to life satisfaction in sports. Accordingly, we adopted the positive psychology perspective and proposed that gratitude would relate to athletes’ life satisfaction. Additionally, we further suggested that mindfulness would strengthen the relationship between gratitude and athletes’ life satisfaction. Athletes completed measurements, and the results, which indicated that athletes with higher levels of gratitude exhibited increased life satisfaction when they had higher levels of mindfulness, supported our expectations. The implications and applications are discussed in terms of mindfulness.     

Self-concept integration and differentiation in subclinical individuals with dissociation proneness

Dissociative pathology is characterized by an altered sense of self. Still, it remains unclear (a) whether the altered sense of self is also associated with non-pathological dissociation as well and (b) whether this potential association is an intrinsic connection or a consequence of other related constructs, including childhood trauma. This study addresses this question by examining how self-concept organization may differ among individuals with different levels of dissociation proneness. The structure of self-concept was operationalized by various indexes of self-concept integration and differentiation. Results showed that individuals high in dissociation proneness have lower self-concept clarity and compartmentalize self-aspects with more polarized evaluations. Notably, the association between dissociation proneness and evaluative self-compartmentalization held after controlling for childhood trauma, anxiety, and depression. This characteristic self-concept organization can be an attribute of non-pathological dissociation.     

青少年早期自尊与抑郁的交叉滞后分析：检验易感模型和创伤模型

本研究以初一年级598名青少年为研究对象,采用三年追踪设计,运用交叉滞后回归分析,控制变量的先前水平,旨在揭示青少年早期自尊与抑郁的相互影响,检验易感模型和创伤模型。结果发现,对于青少年样本总体来说,第一、二学年抑郁各自能显著负向预测第二、三学年自尊,支持创伤模型;同时第二学年自尊又能显著负向预测第三学年抑郁,支持易感模型。对于女生而言,其自尊与抑郁之间的关系与样本总体相同,既支持易感模型,又支持创伤模型;对于男生而言,仅发现其第二学年抑郁能显著负向预测第三学年自尊,支持创伤模型。这些结果表明青少年早期的自尊与抑郁存在双向的相互影响,易感模型和创伤模型同时起作用,而且这种影响存在显著的性别差异。     

服务学习促进大学生批判性思维的干预研究

采用准实验设计教学干预,将75名心理学专业本科生分为实验组(n=54)和对照组(n=21),实验组进行为期10周的结构化服务学习活动(每周2小时),对照组给予匹配任务(文献阅读和翻译总结)。采用反思日志中的开放性问题和非服务学习领域的结构不良情景问题为测验材料,利用自编的问题解决中的批判性思维表现编码表,对服务学习活动前后和过程中相关材料进行编码,探讨服务学习中服务组学生批判性思维的变化及其在非服务学习领域结构不良问题解决中的迁移效果。结果表明服务学习对大学生的批判性思维表现具有显著促进作用,主要体现在方案改进维度上,这种促进作用可以迁移到非服务学习领域问题解决的批判性思维表现中。     

Early parafoveal processing in reading Chinese sentences

The possibility that during Chinese reading information is extracted at the beginning of the current fixation was examined in this study. Twenty-four participants read for comprehension while their eye movements were being recorded. A pretarget-target two-character word pair was embedded in each sentence and target word visibility was manipulated in two time intervals (initial 140 ms or after 140 ms) during pretarget viewing. Substantial beginning- and end-of-fixation preview effects were observed together with beginning-of-fixation effects on the pretarget. Apparently parafoveal information at least at the character level can be extracted relatively early during ongoing fixations. Results are highly relevant for ongoing debates on spatially distributed linguistic processing and address fundamental questions about how the human mind solves the task of reading within the constraints of different writing systems.     

企业员工敬业度的结构模型研究

在文献研究基础上,通过访谈等方法,编制企业员工综合敬业度问卷(MEEI).通过对264名被试进行预测试,修订得到正式问卷.重新选取6家企业的员工进行测试,获得193份有效问卷,数据的验证性因素分析结果表明:企业员工的敬业度是六因素结构,包括任务聚焦、活力、主动参与、价值内化、效能感和积极坚持.