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981.
Bryan R. Loney Stevie N. Fowler Thomas E. Joiner 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(4):298-306
Prior research has documented an association between adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. However, there is
limited theoretical modeling to explain this association, and prior studies have generally failed to assess for potential
mediating variables of impulsivity, anxiety, and depression. The current study assessed these mediating variables in further
exploring for unique associations between adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. A non-referred adolescent sample
was assessed for bulimic tendencies, conduct problems, impulsivity, anxiety, and depression using a multi-informant assessment
battery including parent, teacher, and self-report measures. There was a significant bivariate association between conduct
problems and bulimic tendencies, r = 0.29, p < 0.01. However, this association was fully mediated by anxiety and depression symptoms. This suggests that emotional distress
could be a primary factor linking adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. Implications include the potential for
more regular screening of youth with conduct problems for associated eating disturbances.
相似文献
Bryan R. LoneyEmail: |
982.
Richard E. Mattson James MacKillop Bryan A. Castelda Emily J. Anderson Peter J. Donovick 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(3):229-234
Gambling is relatively common among university students, but few studies examine factors that contribute to gambling behavior
in this cohort. Based on evidence that cognitive distortions may play a role in gambling behavior, this study examined the
factor structure of gambling-related cognitive distortions using the Gambler’s Beliefs Questionnaire (GBQ; Steenbergh et al.,
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 16:143–149, 2002) in a sample of 393 college undergraduates. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test a previously
reported two-factor model, comprising dimensions of Illusion of Control (IOC) and Luck/Perseverance (L/P). An oblique, but
not orthogonal, two-factor model was confirmed but did not provide an incrementally better fit to the data than a one-factor
model. However, multiple regression analyses showed that the L/P scale accounted for significant variance in the criterion
when controlling for IOC items. This suggests that IOC items provide redundant information and that gambling-related cognitive
distortions in this sample can be adequately assessed using solely the L/P factor.
相似文献
Richard E. MattsonEmail: |
983.
Viewers looked at print advertisements as their eye movements were recorded. Half of them were asked to rate how much they liked each ad (for convenience, we will generally use the term ‘ad’ from this point on), while the other half were asked to rate the effectiveness of each ad. Previous research indicated that viewers who were asked to consider purchasing products in the ads looked at the text earlier and more often than the picture part of the ad. In contrast, viewers in the present experiment looked at the picture part of the ad earlier and longer than the text. The results indicate quite clearly that the goal of the viewer very much influences where (and for how long) viewers look at different parts of ads, but also indicate that the nature of the ad per se matters. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
984.
Brian K. Miller Matthew A. Rutherford Robert W. Kolodinsky 《Journal of business and psychology》2008,22(3):209-222
Organizational researchers during the past few decades have increasingly focused on the role of subjective work issues and
their impact on important worker-related outcomes. One of the most prominently studied factors, perceptions of organizational
politics, has received much recent conceptual and empirical attention. In an effort to better understand the relationship
between perceptions of organizational politics and key outcomes, we apply meta-analysis on 79 independent samples from 59
published and unpublished studies involving 25,059 individual participants. Results indicate strong negative relationships
between POP and job satisfaction and between POP and organizational commitment, moderately positive relationships between
POP and the outcomes of job stress and turnover intentions, and a non-significant relationship between POP and in-role job
performance. Moderator tests show that age, work setting (i.e., public sector or private sector), and cultural differences
(i.e., domestic sample or international sample), have contingent effects on certain POP relationships. 相似文献
985.
Andrea M Barsevick Susan V Montgomery Karen Ruth Eric A Ross Brian L Egleston Ruth Bingler John Malick Suzanne M Miller Terrence P Cescon Mary B Daly 《Journal of family psychology》2008,22(2):303-312
Guided by the theory of planned behavior, this analysis explores the communication skills of women who had genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2. The key outcome was intention to tell test results to adult first-degree relatives. The theory predicts that global and specific attitudes, global and specific perceived social norms, and perceived control will influence the communication of genetic test results. A logistic regression model revealed that global attitude (p < .05), specific social influence (p < .01), and perceived control (p < .05) were significant predictors of intention to tell. When gender and generation of relatives were added to the regression, participants were more likely to convey genetic test results to female than to male relatives (p < .05) and were also more likely to communicate test results to children (p < .01) or siblings (p < .05) than to parents. However, this association depended on knowing the relative's opinion of genetic testing. Intention to tell was lowest among participants who did not know their relative's opinion. These results extend the theory of planned behavior by showing that gender and generation influence intention when the relative's opinion is unknown. 相似文献
986.
Melissa A Lewis Clayton Neighbors Christine M Lee Laura Oster-Aaland 《Psychology of addictive behaviors》2008,22(2):176-185
This research was designed to evaluate a personalized normative feedback birthday card intervention aimed at reducing normative perceptions, alcohol consumption, and negative consequences associated with 21st birthday celebrations among college students (N=281; 59.15% women). Students were randomly assigned to receive or not receive a birthday card about 1 week prior to their 21st birthday. Approximately 1 week following their birthday, students were asked to complete a brief survey concerning their birthday celebration activities. Findings indicated that the birthday card intervention was not successful at reducing drinking or consequences; however, the card did reduce normative misperceptions. Additional findings indicated that many students experienced negative consequences, such as passing out or driving after consuming alcohol. Combined, these findings suggest that prevention is needed for drinking associated with turning 21. However, prevention efforts should consist of more than a birthday card. 相似文献
987.
Walters GD Rogers R Berry DT Miller HA Duncan SA McCusker PJ Payne JW Granacher RP 《心理评价》2008,20(3):238-247
The 6 nonoverlapping primary scales of the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (SIRS) were subjected to taxometric analysis in a group of 1,211 criminal and civil examinees in order to investigate the latent structure of feigned psychopathology. Both taxometric procedures used in this study, mean above minus below a cut (MAMBAC) and maximum covariance (MAXCOV), produced dimensional results. A subgroup of participants (n = 711) with valid Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) protocols were included in a second round of analyses in which the 6 nonoverlapping primary scales of the SIRS and the Infrequency (F), Infrequency-Psychopathology (Fp), and Dissimulation (Ds) scales of the MMPI-2 served as indicators. Again, the results were more consistent with dimensional latent structure than with taxonic latent structure. On the basis of these findings, it is concluded that feigned psychopathology forms a dimension (levels of fabrication or exaggeration) rather than a taxon (malingering-honest dichotomy) and that malingering is a quantitative distinction rather than a qualitative one. The theoretical and clinical practice implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
988.
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Disclosing Carrier Results Generated Through Newborn Screening
Evidence on the effects of disclosing carrier results identified through newborn screening (NBS) is needed to develop effective strategies for managing these results, and to inform debate about contradictory policies governing genetic testing in minors in the context of NBS relative to clinical care. This is likely to be even more important as technological opportunities for carrier identification through NBS increase. We report the results of a systematic review of evidence related to the generation of carrier results through NBS to summarize what is known about: (1) the outcomes associated with these results; (2) the best strategies for providing information and follow-up care to parents; and (3) the impact they have on reproductive decision-making. Our study expands the existing body of knowledge and identifies gaps in the evidence base. As key players in the management of carrier results clinically, genetic counselors are well positioned to engage in formative research and policy development in this area. 相似文献
989.
990.
Appetitive memory reconsolidation depends upon NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Memory persistence is a dynamic process involving the reconsolidation of memories after their reactivation. Reconsolidation impairments have been demonstrated for many types of memories in rats, and signaling at N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors appears often to be a critical pharmacological mechanism. Here we investigated the reconsolidation of appetitive pavlovian memories reinforced by natural rewards. In male Lister Hooded rats, systemic administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-SH-dibenzo{a,d}cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK-801, 0.1 mg/kg i.p.) either before or immediately following a brief memory reactivation session abolished the subsequent acquisition of a new instrumental response with sucrose conditioned reinforcement. However, only when injected prior to memory reactivation was MK-801 effective in disrupting the maintenance of a previously-acquired instrumental response with conditioned reinforcement. These results demonstrate that NMDA receptor-mediated signaling is required for appetitive pavlovian memory reconsolidation. 相似文献