Toward an Integration of Interpersonal Risk Models of Depression and Cognitive‐Behaviour Therapy

Empirical research has increasingly focused on interpersonal variables associated with the development and maintenance of depression. This article outlines some key interpersonal risk factors for depression, including anxious attachment, sociotropy, excessive reassurance seeking, interpersonal stress generation, reduced social support, social skills deficits, and social avoidance. Recommendations are made for how cognitive‐behavioural therapy may be adapted to address such factors. Specifically, suggestions are offered for how cognitive and behavioural interventions, such as cognitive restructuring, behavioural activation, behavioural experiments, and skills training, may be used with depressed clients to promote positive relationships and reduce maladaptive interpersonal behaviours.     

Rehabilitation and recovery: Bulgaria's muslim communities

The Mountains of Serbia: Travels Through Inland Yugoslavia by Anne Kindersley, John Murray, 1976, 286 pp., £6.95.

An Early Soviet Saint ‐The Life of Father Zachariah Anonymous. Translated by Jane Ellis. Mowbrays (Keston Books No. 6), 1976, 111 pp., £4.25.

The Religion of the Russian People by Pierre Pascal. Translated by Rowan Williams. Mowbrays, London and Oxford, 1976, 130 pp. + ix, £2.95.     

Book reviews

Islam and Politics in Central Asia by M. Haghayeghi. London: Macmillan, 1995, 264 pp.

Empire's Edge: Travels in South‐Eastern Europe, Turkey and Central Asia by Scott Malcomson. Boston USA and London: Faber and Faber, 1994, 256 pp. Paperback, £8.99.

The Resurgence of Central Asia: Islam or Nationalism by Ahmed Rashid. London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1994, x+278 pp. Hardback, £36.95, $59.95; Paperback, £14.95, $25.00.

Pride of Small Nations: The Caucasus and Post‐Soviet Disorder by Suzanne Golden‐berg. London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1994. xvi+233 pp. Hardback, £36.95, $55.00; Paperback, £14.95, $22.50.

The North Caucasus Barrier: the Russian Advance towards the Muslim World edited by M. Bennigsen Broxup. London: Hurst, 1992, xvii+252 pp. Hardback. Paperback, 1996, £14.95.     

Documents

The Great Revival: the Russian Church under German Occupation by W. Alexeev and T. G. Stavrou, Minneapolis, 1976, xvi+229 pp. No price.

The Religious World ol Russian Culture. Essays in Honour of Georges Florovsky, Vol. 11 Russia and Orthodoxy edited by Andrew Blane, Mouton, The Hague and Paris, 1975, 359 pp. No price.

The Russian Jew under Tsars and Soviets by Salo W. Baron, Macmillan, New York, 1976, $14.96.

The Jews in Russia ‐ their History in Maps and Thotographs by Martin Gilbert, National Council of Soviet Jewry, 78 pp., 8op.

The Baptist Church: Illusions and Reality (Baptizm: illyuzii i realnost) by G. S. Lyalina, “Politizdat”, Moscow, 1977, 175 pp., 37 kopecks.

Questions of Scientific Atheism (Voprosy Nauchnogo Ateizma) No. 17, “Mysl”, Moscow, 1975, 399 pp.     

Collective Apologies and Their Effects on Forgiveness: Pessimistic Evidence but Constructive Implications

In the last three decades, there has been an explosion in the frequency with which leaders of groups have issued official apologies for collective transgressions. These apologies are commonly assumed to lay a pathway to forgiveness and reconciliation, but empirical examination of the downstream consequences of collective apologies is still in its infancy. In this article, we review a series of studies—including interview studies, survey studies, and experiments—that question the assumed wisdom that collective apologies lead to intergroup forgiveness. Reasons for the muted evidence of an apology–forgiveness link at the intergroup level are elaborated, and implications for how best to issue gestures of reconciliation and remorse are discussed.     

Expansion of Genetic Services Utilizing a General Genetic Counseling Clinic

We established a general genetic counseling clinic (GCC) to help reduce long wait times for new patient appointments and to enhance services for a subset of patients. Genetic counselors, who are licensed in Tennessee, were the primary providers and MD geneticists served as medical advisors. This article describes the clinic referral sources, reasons for referral and patient dispositions following their GCC visit(s). We obtained patients by triaging referrals made to our medical genetics division. Over 24 months, our GCC provided timely visits for 321 patients, allowing the MD geneticists to focus on patients needing a clinical exam and/or complex medical management. Following their GCC visit(s), over 80 % of patients did not need additional appointments with an MD geneticist. The GCC allowed the genetic counselor to spend more time with patients than is possible in our traditional medical genetics clinic. Patient satisfaction surveys (n?=?30) were very positive overall concerning the care provided. Added benefits for the genetic counselors were increased professional responsibility, autonomy and visibility as health care providers. We conclude that genetic counselors are accepted as health care providers by patients and referring providers for a subset of clinical genetics cases. A GCC can expand genetic services, complement more traditional genetic clinic models and utilize the strengths of the genetic counselor health care provider.