全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11663篇 |
免费 | 473篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 100篇 |
2020年 | 166篇 |
2019年 | 233篇 |
2018年 | 323篇 |
2017年 | 313篇 |
2016年 | 291篇 |
2015年 | 243篇 |
2014年 | 263篇 |
2013年 | 1061篇 |
2012年 | 478篇 |
2011年 | 505篇 |
2010年 | 288篇 |
2009年 | 310篇 |
2008年 | 405篇 |
2007年 | 418篇 |
2006年 | 352篇 |
2005年 | 319篇 |
2004年 | 304篇 |
2003年 | 282篇 |
2002年 | 272篇 |
2001年 | 292篇 |
2000年 | 268篇 |
1999年 | 199篇 |
1998年 | 124篇 |
1997年 | 115篇 |
1996年 | 126篇 |
1994年 | 114篇 |
1993年 | 97篇 |
1992年 | 164篇 |
1991年 | 167篇 |
1990年 | 168篇 |
1989年 | 127篇 |
1988年 | 121篇 |
1987年 | 129篇 |
1986年 | 135篇 |
1985年 | 150篇 |
1984年 | 131篇 |
1983年 | 100篇 |
1982年 | 92篇 |
1979年 | 132篇 |
1978年 | 107篇 |
1977年 | 103篇 |
1975年 | 99篇 |
1974年 | 115篇 |
1973年 | 131篇 |
1972年 | 92篇 |
1970年 | 100篇 |
1968年 | 111篇 |
1967年 | 92篇 |
1966年 | 99篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
981.
When entering an unfamiliar neighborhood, adaptive social decisions are dependent on an accurate assessment of the local safety. Studies of cities have shown that the maintenance of physical structures is correlated with the strength of ties between neighbors, which in turn is responsible for the crime level. Thus it should be theoretically possible to intuit neighborhood safety through the physical structures alone. Here we test whether people have this capacity for judging urban neighborhoods with 3 studies in which individuals observed photographs of unfamiliar neighborhoods in Binghamton, New York. Each study was facilitated by data collected during previous studies performed by the Binghamton Neighborhood Project studies. In the 1st study, observer ratings on neighborhood social quality agreed highly with reports by those living there. In the 2nd, a separate sample of participants played an economic game with adolescent residents from pictured neighborhoods. Players exhibited a lower level of trust toward adolescents from neighborhoods whose residents report lesser social quality. In the 3rd study, the maintenance of physical structures and the presence of businesses explained nearly all variation between neighborhoods in observer ratings (89%), whereas the specific features influencing play in Study 2 remained inconclusive. These and other results suggest that people use the general upkeep of physical structures when making wholesale judgments of neighborhoods, reflecting a adaptation for group living that has strong implications for the role of upkeep in urban environments. 相似文献
982.
983.
Daniel James McArthur 《Synthese》2011,179(3):361-376
In this paper I consider two accounts of scientific discovery, Robert Hudson’s and Peter Achinstein’s. I assess their relative
success and I show that while both approaches are similar in promising ways, and address experimental discoveries well, they
could address the concerns of the discovery sceptic more explicitly than they do. I also explore the implications of their
inability to address purely theoretical discoveries, such as those often made in mathematical physics. I do so by showing
that extending Hudson’s or Achinstein’s account to such cases can sometimes provide a misleading analysis about who ought
to be credited as a discoverer. In the final sections of the paper I work out some revisions to the Hudson/Achinstein account
by drawing from a so-called structural realist view of theory change. Finally, I show how such a modified account of discovery
can answer sceptical critics such as Musgrave or Woolgar without producing misleading analyses about who ought to receive
credit as a discoverer in cases from the mathematical sciences. I illustrate the usefulness of this approach by providing
an analysis of the case of the discovery of the Casimir effect. 相似文献
984.
There is a standard version of the history of modern mainstream psycholinguistics that emphasizes an extraordinary explosion
of research in mid twentieth century under the guidance and leadership of George A. Miller and Noam Chomsky. The narrative
is cast as a dramatic shift away from behavioristic principles and toward mentalistic principles based largely on transformational
linguistics. A closer view of the literature diminishes the historical importance of behaviorism, shows a prevailing “written
language bias” (Linell in The written language bias in linguistics: Its nature, origins and transformations, Routledge, London, 2005, p. 4) in psycholinguistic research, and elevates some theoretical and empirical thinking of the
late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries on language and language use to a far more important role than has heretofore
been acknowledged. In keeping with the theoretical and methodological perspective of the present article, it is particularly
appropriate that the German philologist Philipp Wegener be “given his due in the annals of linguistic sciences” (Koerner 1991,
p. VI*). In his (1885/1991) Untersuchungen über die Grundfragen des Sprachlebens (Investigations regarding the fundamental questions of the life of language; our translation), he began his philological research with the investigation of actual speaking in everyday settings rather
than with analyses of purely formal structure. Moreover, he emphasized understanding language and localized this function
in the listener. Compatible with Wegener’s own investigations is another aspect of speaking that has been most seriously neglected
throughout the history of research on the psychology of verbal communication. For him, as well as for Esper (In C. Murchison
[Ed.], A handbook of social psychology, Clark University Press, Worchester, MA, 1935), the basic and primary genre of dialogical discourse was not ongoing conversation,
but the occasional use of speech in association with other activities. Both Bühler (Sprachtheorie, Fischer, Stuttgart, 1934/1982) and Wittgenstein (Philosophische Untersuchungen/Philosophical investigations, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1958) have also emphasized the importance of the genre of occasional speaking. The article concludes
with a discussion of historical shifts in the relationship between psychology and linguistics. 相似文献
985.
986.
Margaret H. Sibley William E. Pelham Brooke S. G. Molina Elizabeth M. Gnagy Daniel A. Waschbusch Aparajita Biswas Michael G. MacLean Dara E. Babinski Kathryn M. Karch 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(1):21-32
This study examined the association between childhood ADHD and juvenile delinquency by examining data from the Pittsburgh
ADHD Longitudinal Study (PALS), a follow-up study of individuals diagnosed with ADHD in childhood (ages 5–12) and recontacted
in adolescence and young adulthood for yearly follow-up (age at first follow-up interview M = 17.26, SD = 3.17). Participants were 288 males with childhood ADHD and 209 demographically similar males without ADHD who were recruited
into the follow-up study. Delinquency information gathered yearly during the second through eighth follow-up provided a comprehensive
history of juvenile delinquency for all participants. Four childhood diagnostic groups [ADHD-only (N = 47), ADHD + ODD (N = 135), ADHD + CD (N = 106), and comparison (N = 209)] were used to examine group differences on delinquency outcomes. Analyses were conducted across three dimensions of
delinquency (i.e., severity, age of initiation, and variety). Individuals with childhood ADHD + CD displayed significantly
worse delinquency outcomes than the other three groups, across almost all indices of offending. When compared to comparison
participants, boys with ADHD-only and ADHD + ODD in childhood displayed earlier ages of delinquency initiation, a greater
variety of offending, and higher prevalence of severe delinquency. These findings suggest that although childhood ADHD + CD
creates the greatest risk for delinquency, boys with ADHD-only and ADHD + ODD also appear at a higher risk for later offending.
The patterns of offending that emerged from the PALS are discussed in the context of the relationship between ADHD, comorbidity,
and delinquency. 相似文献
987.
988.
The dramatic increase in diagnostic rates of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents in the USA has led to an intense
interest in the phenomenology of the disorder. Here we present data from a newly-developed instrument to assess episodic mania-like
symptoms in youth in a large population-based sample (N = 5326) using parent- and self-report. We found that a substantial proportion of children screened positive for having episodes
of “going high” and were at an increased risk for morbidity and impairment. Using factor analysis, we identified that episodic
mania-like symptoms comprised two dimensions: An under-controlled dimension that was associated with significant impairment, and a low-risk exuberant dimension. Using latent class analysis, we identified a small group of children scoring high on a range of manic symptoms
and suffering from severe psychosocial impairment and morbidity. Our results carry implications for the nosology and psychosocial
impairment associated with episodic mood changes in young people. 相似文献
989.
Neumann C Wampler M Taylor J Blonigen DM Iacono WG 《Journal of research in personality》2011,45(2):145-152
The current study examined the longitudinal stability and invariance of psychopathic traits in a large community sample of male twins from ages 17 to 23. Participants were assessed across 6 years to gauge the stability and measurement invariance of the Minnesota Temperament Inventory (MTI), a Cleckley-based measure of psychopathic personality traits, and how family functioning and externalizing behavior were linked to these traits. A latent variable approach was used to model the structure of the MTI and provide a statistical test of measurement invariance across time. The results revealed support for invariance and moderate to strong stability of the MTI factors, which showed significant associations with the external correlates in late adolescence but not early adulthood. 相似文献
990.
Daniel Leising Sabrina Krause Doreen Köhler Kai Hinsen Allan Clifton 《Journal of research in personality》2011,(6):631-641
In order to better integrate research on personality pathology, interpersonal problems, and social skills, we applied the traditional methods of these three research strands (questionnaires, interviews, and interpersonal role-plays) to the same sample. Participants who attributed higher levels of interpersonal problems to themselves in general were also more critical of their own role-play performances, but these impressions were not mirrored by observer-ratings. Self-observer agreement in judging overall role-play performance was essentially zero. Interviewer-ratings of personality pathology had incremental validity over self-ratings in predicting observer-rated role-play performance. Self-reports of interpersonal functioning leave relevant behavioral variance untapped and thus should be complemented by other sources of information. 相似文献