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Joseph G. Ponterotto Brian P. Rieger Ann Barrett Rickey Sparks 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1994,72(3):316-322
The authors review four new instruments designed to assess multicultural counseling competence in trainees and practicing professionals. The Cross-Cultural Counseling Inventory—Revised (CCCI-R), the Multicultural Counseling Awareness Scale—Form B (MCAS:B), the Multicultural Counseling Inventory (MCI), and the Multicultural Awareness-Knowledge-and Skills Survey (MAKSS) were each critically reviewed in terms of item development, psychometric properties, and pragmatic utility. Specific research suggestions for continued empirical validation on the instruments are posited, and strong cautions regarding their current use in training are leveled. 相似文献
996.
Two experiments were performed to investigate the role of extra-legal factors in a simulated product liability trial. In cases where the factual evidence was identical, subjects' liability judgments varied as a function of the case-specific factor of the alleged source of the plaintiffs injury. In deciding cases differently depending on the alleged cause, subjects relied on intuitions about what injury sources are more or less likely to cause a certain kind of injury. Juror-specific factors also influenced subjects' verdicts. There was no difference between students and non-students, but race and SEC—factors that are often correlated with student status—did affect subjects' verdicts. Low-SES and minority subjects were more likely to find the defendant liable than high-SES and white subjects. The results are considered in terms of general decision-making processes, and the implications for jury selection and mock jury research are discussed. 相似文献
997.
The self-injurious escape behavior of a developmentally disabled adult was treated with extinction. Results of a reversal design showed substantial bursts of responding when extinction was introduced and reintroduced: self-injury remained at a variable and elevated rate for some time before stable, low rates were observed. Data on aggression, a nontarget behavior during both baseline and treatment, showed a pattern similar to that seen for self-injury during the extinction conditions. 相似文献
998.
Brian H. Spitzberg William R. Cupach 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1985,7(3):207-220
The present study attempted to identify behavioral skills associated with global perceptions of communication competence and to determine if the relationship between competence and skills varies as a function of perceptual locus. Fifteen dyadic conversations were videotaped. Each interactant rated self and partner and was rated by four observers who viewed each tape. Results indicated that subjects' perceptions of their partners' skills accounted for 87% of the variance in subjects' ratings of partners' competence and 80% of the variance in subjects'self-perceived confirmation. Observers' ratings of subjects' skills predicted 83% of the variance in observers' ratings of subjects' competence. Observers'ratings of subjects'skills were unrelated to subjects' self-rated competence. 相似文献
999.
Two constructs—need for cognition (NFC) and affective orientation (AO)—might be helpful in explaining and ultimately predicting
two measures of sales performance: a self-rated behavioral measure and an objective sales measure. Specifically, we hypothesize
(1) a positive relationship between NFC and sales performance; (2) a positive relationship between AO and sales performance;
and (3) a positive interaction effect between NFC and AO on sales performance. The results of this study revealed both NFC
and AO correlated with self-rated behavioral performance but only NFC correlated with both performance measures; suggesting
that need for cognition may be the more influential of the two for sales organizations concerned with selling behaviors as
well as sales outcomes. The hypothesized interaction effect was not supported. 相似文献
1000.
Nancy Cartwright relies upon an inference pattern known as inference to the best causal explanation (IBCE) to support a limited
form of entity realism, according to which we are warranted in believing in entities that purportively cause observable effects.
IBCE, as usually understood, is valid, even though all other forms of inference to the best explanation (IBE) are usually
understood to be invalid. We argue that IBCE and IBE are in the same boat with respect to their ability to support realist
conclusions. Either rule can be interpreted as valid, this is a matter of semantic convention. However, doing so deprives
the rule of the empirical content the realist needs, requiring the realist to find independent warrant for a strong (theoretical
or causal) premise. We then examine the proposed means of obtaining this warrant, and find them as inadequate in the case
of IBCE as they are in the case of IBE. 相似文献