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271.
With increasing visibility in both fictional and nonfictional media, transgender individuals have become a staple of the media landscape. Nonetheless, the general public has been slow to warm to transgender individuals and the rights of this community of people. The present study explored the audience reception to Caitlyn Jenner's coming out interview with Diane Sawyer. Examining Twitter conversations as part of a social television experience, this paper focuses on the types of words and phrases used in response to the interview, the themes that were present in the conversation, and the opinion leaders who helped to shape the discussion. Co-occurrence of themes was also explored. Results indicated an overwhelmingly positive response from live tweeters watching Jenner's coming out interview, led by a small but influential group of celebrities and media personalities such as Oprah Winfrey and Perez Hilton. Top themes included support, gender, journey to truth, family drama, and bravery. The results are positioned within an exploration of the social nature of television viewing and reception of transgenderism by mainstream audiences. 相似文献
272.
Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: a limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Vohs KD Baumeister RF Schmeichel BJ Twenge JM Nelson NM Tice DM 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2008,94(5):883-898
The current research tested the hypothesis that making many choices impairs subsequent self-control. Drawing from a limited-resource model of self-regulation and executive function, the authors hypothesized that decision making depletes the same resource used for self-control and active responding. In 4 laboratory studies, some participants made choices among consumer goods or college course options, whereas others thought about the same options without making choices. Making choices led to reduced self-control (i.e., less physical stamina, reduced persistence in the face of failure, more procrastination, and less quality and quantity of arithmetic calculations). A field study then found that reduced self-control was predicted by shoppers' self-reported degree of previous active decision making. Further studies suggested that choosing is more depleting than merely deliberating and forming preferences about options and more depleting than implementing choices made by someone else and that anticipating the choice task as enjoyable can reduce the depleting effect for the first choices but not for many choices. 相似文献
273.
Johan Leman Ann Trappers Emily Brandon Xavier Ruppol 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2008,27(4):237-251
OECD figures (1998–2002) reveal a sharply increasing flow of foreign workers into European countries. Ethnic diversification
has become a generalized matter of fact. At the same time, rapidly developing technology and ‘intellectual globalization’
processes—the world wide web—have also become a reality. This complex cluster of changes has an impact on the perceptions
of the self and of the other. Multilayered belongings and paradoxical meanings enter into interethnic relations in sometimes
most surprising and unpredictable ways from outside of the boundaries of local communities. But the developments also create
new and very positive opportunities for education/schooling and social cohesion. The paper critically examines this changing
context and also Europe’s educational responses to the new challenges: the European Socrates programme, the initiatives in
the field of intercultural citizenship education and the issue of combating deprivation.
相似文献
Xavier RuppolEmail: |
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275.
While previous methodological studies have suggested that coding is a useful technique for analyzing qualitative data, there
is a stark lack of discussion about the incongruities that inevitably arise as researchers accomplish the actual work of coding.
This article explores the complexities of the coding process, and how incongruities get resolved as researchers accomplish
the practical work of coding. Three primary themes emerged from this study: <creating agreement>, <maintaining the integrity
of the codes>, and <completing the work>. These three activities are grounded in the naturally evolving work of coding, and
are rendered visible through an ethnomethodological investigation into this work. 相似文献
276.
Carl F. Weems Leslie K. Taylor Melinda F. Cannon Reshelle C. Marino Dawn M. Romano Brandon G. Scott Andre M. Perry Vera Triplett 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(1):49-56
This study examined the stability of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a predominantly ethnic minority sample
of youth exposed to Hurricane Katrina. Youth (n = 191 grades 4th thru 8th) were screened for exposure to traumatic experiences and PTSD symptoms at 24 months (Time 1) and
then again at 30 months (Time 2) post-disaster. PTSD symptoms did not significantly decline over time and were higher than
rates reported at earlier time points for more ethnically diverse samples. Younger age, female sex, and continued disrepair
to the child’s home predicted stable elevated PTSD symptoms. Findings are consistent with predictions from contextual theories
of disaster exposure and with epidemiological data from adult samples suggesting that the incidence of PTSD post Katrina is
showing an atypical pattern of remittance. Theoretical, applied, and policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
277.
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279.
Cognitive and behavioral interventions have been shown to be efficacious when used as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for psychotic disorders. However, little previous research has investigated potential mediators of change in psychological treatments for psychosis. Acceptance and mindfulness-based therapies do not focus on directly reducing the psychotic symptoms themselves, but instead attempt to alter the patient's relationship to symptoms to decrease their negative impact. The current study examined this issue with data from a previously published randomized trial comparing brief treatment with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) versus treatment as usual for hospitalized patients with psychotic symptoms (Gaudiano & Herbert, 2006a). Results showed that the believability of hallucinations at posttreatment statistically mediated the effect of treatment condition on hallucination-related distress. Hallucination frequency did not mediate outcome. The current study is a first step toward understanding the potential mechanisms of action in psychological treatments for psychosis. 相似文献
280.
OBJECTIVE: College may represent an untapped opportunity to reach the growing number of student smokers who are at risk of progressing toward regular smoking. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a theory-based experiential intervention for increasing motivation to quit smoking and reducing smoking behavior. DESIGN: This study used a 3-arm, randomized design to examine the efficacy of an experiential secondary prevention intervention. The control groups included a traditional didactic smoking intervention and an experiential intervention on nutrition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The 2 primary dependent variables were change in self-reported intention to quit smoking, measured pre- and postintervention, and change in smoking behavior over the month following the intervention. RESULTS: As hypothesized, the experiential smoking intervention was more effective than either control group in increasing immediate motivation to quit, but the effect was found only among female participants. At 1-month follow-up, both smoking interventions produced higher rates of smoking cessation and reduction than did the nutrition control condition. CONCLUSION: Findings support the potential efficacy of an intensive experiential intervention for female smokers. 相似文献