Relevance of sodomy in adolescence

In comparison with the literature causes and circumstances of juvenile delinquency of sodomy are examined by 5 cases. All of them were light weak-minded and badly educated, showed disorders of behaviour and personality. In two cases by violation and killing of animals as the result of sodomy a considerable economical loss was caused.     

Results of modifying the standard program of insight and relaxation psychotherapy

The inventory of methods used in insight and relaxation psychotherapy were taken as a basis for elaborating three additional psychotherapy programmes with the aim of better satisfying the needs of groups with different indications in respect of outpatient psychotherapy. The results obtained with these programmes were tested statistically, using groups of appropriate control subjects, by means of the pre- and post-test data of the MMPI, PAULI, d2 and a five-point self-estimation scale. The trend shown by the results achieved so far confirms that this differentiated therapeutic approach is correct. Further tests with large samples are necessary.     

Theory-practice contradiction in therapy-relevant psychodiagnosis

In the contribution the recent situation of the therapy-important psychodiagnostic is discribed as characterized through a contradiction. On one hand there's an substantial pressure for an effective treatment, on the other hand we have only a few well developed theoretical models and practical instruments. Three empirical questions in the experience of conflicts are investigated: First the rather few percentage of conscious conflicts as consequence of the substantial unconsciousness from central motives; second the still relative abstract definition of needs, and third problems in diagnostic of the so called personality strukture'. The article is closed with a discussion of some new possibilities of a action-related diagnostic of conflicts and motives.     

The role of the face in human emotion: first system or one of many?

Evidence relating to the hypothesis on facial feedback which ties the experience of discrete emotions to feedback from innately patterned facial expressions is discussed. Strong evidence is deduced for a more general form of the hypothesis, but the requirements of necessity and sufficiency representing the strictest form are only satisfied within narrow limits of experimental manipulations which are not common to all investigations. Evidence is deemed to support a relationship between facial expression and emotion, but facial expression is regarded as one of many systems and cannot be assigned an exclusive role (either as first system or as necessary system).