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91.
Kristina Geue Diana Richter Katja Leuteritz Christina Schr?der Irina Tavlaridou Manfred E. Beutel Elmar Br?hler Yve St?bel-Richter 《Psychotherapeut》2011,56(5):371-378
Cancer patients in young adulthood are affected by the cancer diagnosis in a period of life where future parenthood or fulfilling of a potential wish to have children plays an important role. To perform fertility preserving treatment, patients should be fully informed before any treatment is carried out. The following review broaches the issue of whether and how fertility concerns are discussed in the medical consultation. Therefore, relevant papers were identified by a database search between the years 2000 and 2010. A total of 21 studies were included which focussed on physician-patient communication from the point of view of the patients or healthcare professionals. Oncologists do not routinely speak to patients about fertility issues. Both oncologists and patients expressed communication difficulties. An improvement of the medical interview concerning family planning could be achieved by provision of guidelines, training for healthcare professionals, cooperation between oncologists and reproductive medicine and the provision of educational patient material. 相似文献
92.
93.
Kai Brünnler 《Studia Logica》2006,82(1):51-71
Deep inference is a natural generalisation of the one-sided sequent calculus where rules are allowed to apply deeply inside
formulas, much like rewrite rules in term rewriting. This freedom in applying inference rules allows to express logical systems
that are difficult or impossible to express in the cut-free sequent calculus and it also allows for a more fine-grained analysis
of derivations than the sequent calculus. However, the same freedom also makes it harder to carry out this analysis, in particular
it is harder to design cut elimination procedures. In this paper we see a cut elimination procedure for a deep inference system
for classical predicate logic. As a consequence we derive Herbrand's Theorem, which we express as a factorisation of derivations. 相似文献
94.
Call J Bräuer J Kaminski J Tomasello M 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》2003,117(3):257-263
Twelve domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) were given a series of trials in which they were forbidden to take a piece of visible food. In some trials, the human continued to look at the dog throughout the trial (control condition), whereas in others, the human (a) left the room, (b) turned her back, (c) engaged in a distracting activity, or (d) closed her eyes. Dogs behaved in clearly different ways in most of the conditions in which the human did not watch them compared with the control condition, in which she did. In particular, when the human looked at them, dogs retrieved less food, approached it in a more indirect way, and sat (as opposed to laid down) more often than in the other conditions. Results are discussed in terms of domestic dogs' social-cognitive skills and their unique evolutionary and ontogenetic histories. 相似文献
95.
Climate for work group creativity and innovation: Norwegian validation of the team climate inventory (TCI) 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The present study assessed the psychometric properties and the validity of the Norwegian translation of the Team Climate Inventory (TCI). The TCI is a measure of climate for innovation within groups at work and is based on the four-factor theory of climate for innovation (West, 1990). Cronbach's alpha revealed satisfactory reliabilities and exploratory factor analysis successfully extracted the four original factors as well as a fifth factor that has also been reported in other studies (N = 195 teams from a wide range of professions). Results from confirmatory factor analysis, using a different sample (N = 106 teams from the Norwegian public postal service), suggested that the five-factor solution had the most parsimonious fit. Criterion validity was explored by correlating TCI scores from 92 post offices and 395 postal distribution teams with customer satisfaction scores. Significant positive relationships were found between three of four TCI scales and customer satisfaction. 相似文献
96.
Mareike Ernst Elmar Brähler Philipp S. Wild Jörg Faber Hiltrud Merzenich Manfred E. Beutel 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2021,21(1):100201
Background/ObjectiveLong-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk for adverse late effects. However, not all of them are well understood. The present study addressed loneliness, a previously under-researched mental health risk in cancer survivor populations. We assessed the prevalence of loneliness and its impact on psychological symptoms over time. Method: A registry-based sample of N = 633 adult long-term CCS underwent medical and psychological assessments and took part in a follow-up survey 2.5 years later. Psychological symptoms (somatic, anxiety, depression symptoms, and suicidal ideation) were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire. We calculated linear regression models of symptoms at follow-up to investigate the impact of loneliness over time (controlling for symptoms at baseline and relevant confounders). Results: Loneliness was reported by 17.70% of CCS. In multivariate linear regression analyses, loneliness was still predictive of more severe anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation over two years later. Loneliness did not predict somatic and depression symptoms at follow-up (which increased with age). Conclusions: Loneliness affected a significant number of CCS and was a risk factor for persistent anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation. The extent to which young cancer patients’ re-integration into society is successful could thus have important implications for well-being in adulthood. 相似文献
97.
The notion of proactive control of landings is generally accepted, and some underlying mechanisms have already been described. Only little is known on adjustments at the foot level, however. The authors therefore investigated the foot and ankle behavior of 24 participants as they landed on differently inclined surfaces. A 4-segment model of the foot and ankle provided 3-dimensional kinematics. They also analyzed activation patterns from several muscles and the ground reaction force. Participants anticipated the different surfaces, as shown by the forefoot kinematics and the activation patterns before touch down. Anticipation of the surface inclination led to adjustments in forefoot orientation and probably also in joint stiffness. The authors suggest that those adjustments tend to enhance the self-stabilizing potential of the mechanical system. The enhancement of that potential would ease the subsequent stabilization, reducing the demands on the neural system. 相似文献
98.
Self-consciousness in non-communicative patients 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The clinical and para-clinical examination of residual self-consciousness in non-communicative severely brain damaged patients (i.e., coma, vegetative state and minimally conscious state) remains exceptionally challenging. Passive presentation of the patient's own name and own face are known to be effective attention-grabbing stimuli when clinically assessing consciousness at the patient's bedside. Event-related potential and functional neuroimaging studies using such self-referential stimuli are currently being used to disentangle the cognitive hierarchy of self-processing. We here review neuropsychological, neuropathological, electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies using the own name and own face paradigm obtained in conscious waking, sleep, pharmacological coma, pathological coma and related disorders of consciousness. Based on these results we discuss what we currently do and do not know about the functional significance of the neural network involved in "automatic" and "conscious" self-referential processing. 相似文献
99.
Dipl.-Psych. Steffi Kohl Sven Barnow Elmar Brähler Jörg M. Fegert Steffen Fliegel Harald J. Freyberger Heide Glaesmer Lutz Goldbeck Judith Lebiger-Vogel Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber Felicitas Michels-Lucht Astrid Sonntag Nina Spröber Ulrike Willutzki Bernhard Strauß 《Psychotherapeut》2009,54(6):445-456
Background
A survey was carried out to ask the trainers and supervisors about their appraisal of the quality of the psychotherapy training and about ways to improve it 10 years after the inception of the “German psychotherapy law”.Methods
Training institutes provided e-mail addresses and other contact information from over 5,000 trainers. The questioning was carried out mainly by on-line questionnaires and 2,196 data sets were used for analysis.Results
Trainers showed overall satisfaction with the components of psychotherapy training and the skills of the training candidates. More knowledge transfer in the fields of therapy techniques and case studies and more cooperation with other professional groups were suggested. Trainers acknowledged redundancies between professional training and university studies and observed a heterogeneity of trainees, however, these were mostly considered helpful. Only half of the trainers were subject to evaluation of their work.Conclusions
The quality of psychotherapy training could be improved by stronger emphasis on practical knowledge. Structural changes should be made to take the problem of redundancies and heterogeneities into account. Regular and continuous evaluation of the training should become an integral part of professional training and the results should have consequences. 相似文献100.
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