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91.
Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals comprise a growing patient population in genetic counseling, yet
literature on working with this population is scarce. This study sought to investigate GLBT patient experiences in genetic
counseling and genetic counselor attitudes and practices when counseling GLBT patients. Twenty-nine GLB individuals who had
previously participated in genetic counseling, and 213 genetic counselors completed online surveys. No individuals identifying
as transgender participated. The patient survey assessed disclosure of orientation, discrimination in genetic counseling,
and quality of services received. The counselor survey assessed comfort with and attitudes about counseling GLBT patients,
disclosure of counselor orientation, and whether they counsel differently with this population. Every patient denied experiencing
discrimination during their session, but 17% reported their genetic counselor assumed they were heterosexual, and 45% indicated
intake forms were not GLBT-inclusive. A majority of counselors (91%) reported having counseled GLBT patients and indicated
they were comfortable doing so (86%), and 72% indicated no differences in their counseling approaches with GLBT patients.
Few counselors (17%) received training in GLBT issues, and most (61%) desired such education. Additional findings and practice
and research recommendations are presented. 相似文献
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93.
The ability to discriminate between quantities has been observed in many species. Typically, when an animal is given a choice between two sets of food, accurate performance (i.e., choosing the larger amount) decreases as the ratio between two quantities increases. A recent study reported that elephants did not exhibit ratio effects, suggesting that elephants may process quantitative information in a qualitatively different way from all other nonhuman species that have been tested (Irie-Sugimoto et al. in Anim Cogn 12:193-199, 2009). However, the results of this study were confounded by several methodological issues. We tested two African elephants (Loxodonta africana) to more thoroughly investigate relative quantity judgment in this species. In contrast to the previous study, we found evidence of ratio effects for visible and nonvisible sequentially presented sets of food. Thus, elephants appear to represent and compare quantities in much the same way as other species, including humans when they are prevented from counting. Performance supports an accumulator model in which quantities are represented as analog magnitudes. Furthermore, we found no effect of absolute magnitude on performance, providing support against an object-file model explanation of quantity judgment. 相似文献
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Psychopathy is a robust predictor of overt physical aggression that may also be relevant to relational aggression (RA). This study was conducted to investigate the utility of psychopathic personality traits in the prediction of RA in a sample of 291 college students. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that both primary and secondary psychopathic traits explained additional variance in general/peer and romantic RA beyond physical aggressiveness. Consistent with previous research, no gender differences were found on either form of RA, challenging the popular stereotype of RA as a female behavior. Moreover, psychopathic traits were not differentially predictive of RA by gender or level of physical aggressiveness. Implications of these findings for research and clinical practice are discussed. 相似文献
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Bonnie M. Perdue Theodore A. Evans Rebecca A. Williamson Anna Gonsiorowski Michael J. Beran 《Animal cognition》2014,17(2):287-295
Prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to do something at a specific time in the future. Here, we investigate the beginnings of this ability in young children (3-year-olds; Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) using an analogous task. Subjects were given a choice between two toys (children) or two food items (chimpanzees). The selected item was delivered immediately, whereas the unselected item was hidden in an opaque container. After completing an ongoing quantity discrimination task, subjects could request the hidden item by asking for it (children) or by pointing to the container and identifying the item on a symbol board (chimpanzees). Children and chimpanzees showed evidence of prospective-like memory in this task, as evidenced by successful retrieval of the item at the end of the task, sometimes spontaneously with no prompting from the experimenter. These findings contribute to our understanding of PM from an ontogenetic and comparative perspective. 相似文献
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Lauren Eskreis-Winkler Elizabeth P. Shulman Angela L. Duckworth 《The journal of positive psychology》2014,9(3):209-218
Are helping professionals who have experienced the same types of struggles as their clients more engaged at work? In the current investigation, we examine this question in samples of police detectives (with and without a history of violent victimization) and mental health workers (with and without a history of mental illness). Our results indicate that police detectives who have experienced violent victimization and mental health professionals who have experienced the same mental illness as their clients do indeed exhibit greater work engagement than their colleagues who lack these parallel life experiences. The link between a professional’s firsthand experience of his/her client’s hardships and work engagement appears to be partially explained by higher levels of grit among police detectives and by a greater sense of life-narrative continuity among mental health professionals. 相似文献