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101.
Frank W. Bond Professor Windy Dryden Ph.D. 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》1996,14(1):29-40
This article argues that two of REBT's central hypotheses, the core and the primacy of the musts hypotheses, are untestable. One reason that these hypotheses are untestable concerns the interdependence principle that REBT maintains. This principle suggests that cognitions, emotions, and behaviour are part of an interdependent system, and as such, none of the three elements of that system can be measured separately from the others. Due to this interdependence principle, it cannot be established that cognitions are at the core of psychological disturbance and health (the core hypothesis); furthermore, the interdependence principle prevents the primacy of the musts hypothesis from being examined, as well. This hypothesis states that of the four irrational beliefs purported by REBT theory, musts are at the very core of psychological disturbance and the other three irrational beliefs are derived from these musts. Irrespective of the interdependence principle and the core hypothesis, the primacy of the musts hypothesis is also apparently untestable due to the current inability to measure musts adequately.Order of authorship was based upon the flip of a coinOrder of authorship was based upon the flip of a coin 相似文献
102.
This research compares the relative effectiveness of imported and indigenous measures of personality perception for Hong Kong Chinese. The first study reports on the extraction of six factors of self-perception using bipolar, adjective rating scales from the U.S.A. tapping the Big Five (Digman, 1990), and Openness to Experience (McCrae & Costa, 1985; 1987). The second study reports on the extraction of six factors of self-perception derived from scales developed indigenously by Chinese psychologists. In the third study, the overlap of the imported and the indigenous dimensions is examined, and their relative power in explaining various criterion measures is assessed. The imported factors adequately explained all but one of the indigenous factors, although in complex combinations. Neither scale was better than the other in predicting the criterion variables. Imported measures may cut the phenomenal world differently from indigenous measures, but still enable scientists to predict behaviours just as effectively. In consequence, if replicated with other criterion variables, the present results would challenge the investment required to develop local instrumentation on scientific grounds. 相似文献
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105.
Johanna Hiu-Wai Lai Michael Harris Bond Natalie Heung-Hung Hui 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2007,8(4):517-535
Data from a 1-year, longitudinal study were utilized to explore the role of five pan-cultural beliefs about the world (social
axioms) in predicting life satisfaction. It was hypothesized that higher levels of social cynicism would predict lower satisfaction
with life because cynical persons set in motion a self-fulfilling prophecy of unrewarding social outcomes. The negative social
feedback thus engendered results in lower levels of self-esteem, which mediates the effect of socially cynical beliefs on
life satisfaction. These findings were confirmed in a longitudinal study of Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong. Their implications
were explored by considering the role of beliefs about␣the world upon additional mediators of life satisfaction in different
cultural settings and for engaging in therapeutic interventions with distressed clients. 相似文献
106.
Gary R. Bond Ph.D. 《Group》1984,8(2):35-44
Norm regulation was examined in 18 outpatient psychotherapy groups, each led by cotherapists and varying in size from two to eight clients. Clients indicated acceptabilityand likelihood of occurrenceof 24 member behaviors. Positive norm regulation of acceptable behaviors was more readily achieved than negative norm regulation of unacceptable behaviors. The amount of positive regulation in any group was unrelated to the amount of negative regulation. However, group size was associated with both positive and negative regulation, with very small groups achieving more norm regulations than large groups.The author is grateful to suggestions by Bob Dies, Ken Howard, and Roy MacKenzie on an earlier draft of this paper. 相似文献
107.
People often try to improve their interpersonal skills to satisfy romantic partners. However, when and why a partner appreciates these efforts is an important but underaddressed question. The present research explored how people's theories that interpersonal abilities are either fixed entities or can be changed incrementally affect their responses to relationship partner's efforts at self-improvement. Study 1 validated a new measure for these theories and showed that, compared to the former entity theorists, the latter incremental theorists were less likely to attribute recalled instances of partners' negative behaviors to dispositional causes and perceive these behaviors as fixed and stable. An experiment that induced these different implicit theories (Study 2) and a longitudinal study (Study 3) further demonstrated that perceptions of partners' self-improvement efforts led to greater increases in relationship security and quality among incremental than among entity theorists. How implicit theories may shape the interpersonal dynamics of self-improvement is discussed. 相似文献
108.
Tim Kasser Katherine L. Rosenblum Arnold J. Sameroff Edward L. Deci Christopher P. Niemiec Richard M. Ryan Osp Árnadóttir Rod Bond Helga Dittmar Nathan Dungan Susan Hawks 《Motivation and emotion》2014,38(1):1-22
Few studies have examined how changes in materialism relate to changes in well-being; fewer have experimentally manipulated materialism to change well-being. Studies 1, 2, and 3 examined how changes in materialistic aspirations related to changes in well-being, using varying time frames (12 years, 2 years, and 6 months), samples (US young adults and Icelandic adults), and measures of materialism and well-being. Across all three studies, results supported the hypothesis that people’s well-being improves as they place relatively less importance on materialistic goals and values, whereas orienting toward materialistic goals relatively more is associated with decreases in well-being over time. Study 2 additionally demonstrated that this association was mediated by changes in psychological need satisfaction. A fourth, experimental study showed that highly materialistic US adolescents who received an intervention that decreased materialism also experienced increases in self-esteem over the next several months, relative to a control group. Thus, well-being changes as people change their relative focus on materialistic goals. 相似文献
109.
Tim Bond 《欧洲心理治疗、咨询与健康杂志》2013,15(3):375-388
The development of European associations for counselling and psychotherapy raises questions about the challenge of producing pan-European statements of professional ethics. This article explores the range of ethical predispositions associated with different cultures to be found in Europe before examining how the European Association for Counselling and European Association for Psychotherapy have responded to this diversity. Recently produced ethical statements are examined in some detail. Both are found to be compatible with some of the culturally endorsed ethical predispositions to the exclusion of others. the article concludes by suggesting some of the issues that need to be considered in constructing a truly European ethic for counselling and psychotherapy. 相似文献
110.
The hypothesis that trait anger is associated with an increased tendency to interpret ambiguous situations as anger‐provoking was investigated in a reading time study. A total of 48 healthy volunteers read a series of short narrative passages and were asked to adopt the perspective of the main character, identified at the start of each passage. Reading times for key sentences, which described the main characters' angry or nonangry reactions to ambiguous anger‐provoking situations, were recorded. Trait anger and impulsivity were negatively correlated with reading time for sentences describing both types of reaction, but anger was also correlated with relatively faster processing of sentences describing angry reactions. This study suggests that those with angrier dispositions are more likely to anticipate angry reactions from others. 相似文献