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241.
于波 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2010,31(8):16-18
直肠癌术后局部复发是临床关注的重点与难点问题.术前准确分期、评估,选择合理治疗方案和术式,是防治局部复发的先决条件.手术遵循全直肠系膜切除(TME)原则,保证断端切缘和环周切缘完整、无癌细胞残留是防治局部复发的关键.新辅助治疗可降低T3、T4期直肠癌局部复发率.发挥直肠癌多学科综合治疗模式优势对防治直肠癌局部复发有重要作用. 相似文献
242.
Klaus B. Bærentsen Hans Stødkilde-Jørgensen Bo Sommerlund Tue Hartmann Johannes Damsgaard-Madsen Mark Fosnæs Anders C. Green 《Cognitive processing》2010,11(1):57-84
Meditation is an ancient spiritual practice, which aims to still the fluctuations of the mind. We investigated meditation with fMRI in order to identify and characterise both the “neural switch” mechanism used in the
voluntary shift from normal consciousness to meditation and the “threshold regulation mechanism” sustaining the meditative
state. Thirty-one individuals with 1.5–25 years experience in meditation were scanned using a blocked on–off design with 45 s
alternating epochs during the onset of respectively meditation and normal relaxation. Additionally, 21 subjects were scanned
during 14.5 min of sustained meditation. The data were analysed with SPM and ICA. During the onset of meditation, activations
were found bilaterally in the putamen and the supplementary motor cortex, while deactivations were found predominately in
the right hemisphere, the precuneus, the posterior cingulum and the parieto–temporal area. During sustained meditation, SPM
analysis revealed activation in the head of nucleus caudatus. Extensive deactivations were observed in white matter in the
right hemisphere, i.e. mainly in the posterior occipito–parieto–temporal area and in the frontal lobes. ICA identified 38
components including known baseline-resting state components, one of which not only overlaps with the activated area revealed
in the SPM analysis but extends further into frontal, temporal, parietal and limbic areas, and might presumably constitute
a combination of frontoparietal and cinguloopercular task control systems. The identified component processes display varying
degrees of correlation. We hypothesise that a proper characterisation of brain processes during meditation will require an
operational definition of brain dynamics matching a stable state of mind. 相似文献
243.
244.
政府保持清正廉洁是构建和谐社会的重要因素。美国政府已经基本形成了一个相对完整的政府行政伦理体系。其体系的建立经过了上百年的历程,是由他律转变为自律的过程。美国政府道德规范体系的构建经验对中国有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
245.
<正>如达米特所指出的:"弗雷格关于思想及其构成涵义的看法是神话式的。这些恒久不变的实体居住在‘第三域’(the third realm),后者既不同于物理世界,也不同于任何经验主体的内心世界……。 相似文献
246.
人格操纵对内隐自尊的影响及其与外显自尊的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该研究使用内隐联想测验测量了人格反馈操纵前后被试的内隐自尊水平,同时探究了不同外显自尊水平被试内隐自尊水平的差异。结果表明,被试会出现显著的内隐自尊效应;人格反馈操纵对内隐自尊起抑制作用,正负反馈的影响存在差异;外显与内隐自尊产生分离。 相似文献
247.
248.
泌尿外科老年患者多,老年患者必然手术并发症多,手术死亡率高.虽然现在泌尿外科近70%的手术已进入了微创时代,手术时间大幅缩减,但是老年患者的临床决策仍常常是个非常纠结的问题,手术要达到什么目的?何时要做适当的放弃?除了充分的围手术期准备,医生要敢于承担,家属要充分理解和合作. 相似文献
249.
The deformation microstructures of a new Ni-based single crystal superalloy, M 4706, have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy after interrupted tensile tests at room temperature. It is found that besides shearing of γ′ precipitates by strongly coupled dislocations, another unusual shearing process involving a single a/2 〈1?0?1〉 matrix dislocation as well as the formation of the isolated superlattice stacking fault and Shockley loop also operates actively during initial yielding. Based on experimental observations, occurrence of these different shearing processes is discussed. 相似文献
250.
We examined associations between child symptoms, demographic variables, parent and family characteristics in a long-term follow-up study of 214 outpatient children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The children’s mean age was 12.6 (SD = 2.1) years, and the mean interval from diagnosis to follow-up was 3.7 (SD = 2.2) years. We compared the characteristics of the clinical group with a community group (n = 110) recruited from the same catchment area. Parents filled out questionnaires on child symptoms, parent characteristics, and family functioning. The results showed that parents of young boys (<13 years) experienced more parenting stressors than those of adolescent boys (≥13 years), but the opposite was true for parents of girls. Parents of children with both ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in the clinical range experienced significantly more parent and family dysfunctions than those of children with ADHD only (even after controlling for levels of ADHD symptoms in the child). Parents of children in the community group experienced significantly less parent and family dysfunctions than those of children with ADHD. Partial correlations between parent characteristics and child symptoms showed that oppositional symptoms were most strongly associated with parent and family dysfunction. Fathers experienced significantly less parenting stress, parental efficacy, and child involvement than mothers. We conclude that parents of children with ADHD experienced considerable strain related to a broad range of parent and family characteristics. Assessment of such characteristics should be part of routine assessment procedures and a prerequisite for family-focused treatment of children with ADHD. 相似文献