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221.
A technique is described for the chronic recording of systematic arterial blood pressure, respiration, and heart rate in the unrestrained rat. The surgical implantation and anchoring procedures described are compatible with the delivery of noxious electric shock and/or rewarding intracranial brain stimulation as reinforcement. Data on catheter patency are analyzed in 65 rats participating in a variety of experiments on the instrumental and classical conditioning of blood pressure responses. The results indicate that it is difficult to maintain satisfactory catheter performance beyond 2 weeks. 相似文献
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223.
PROCTOR, an on-line interactive system for student evaluation and monitoring in courses employing the PSI format, is described. This system involves a tester module that assumes many of the routine managerial duties traditionally assigned to the student proctor, such as quiz administration and scoring, performance feedback, and complete record keeping. Also, PROCTOR includes a multipurpose editor that allows an instructor to enter, examine, or modify any information in the disk files accessed by the tester. Factors related to the implementation and use of this system are considered, and its advantages for management, quality control, and staffing in PSI courses are discussed. 相似文献
224.
Gert ten Hoopen Leo Boelaarts Annette Gruisen Iwahn Apon Karen Donders Nico Mul Simone Akerboom 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1994,56(1):110-120
Nakao and Axelrod (1976) and van Noorden (1975) showed that the threshold for discriminating an anisochronous duple rhythm (a series of clicks with a temporal offset on every other one) from an isochronous rhythm (no offset) is poorer when the clicks are presented alternately to the two ears than when they are presented to the same ears. Van Noorden reported that the difference between the thresholds in the alternating and nonalternating conditions varied with the tempo of the sequence. Nakao and Axelrod found invariance of this threshold difference with sequence speed. According to our quantification of temporal processing of interaural sequences, the latter result should be expected. We carried out five psychophysical experiments to establish interaural and monaural discrimination between isochronous and anisochronous rhythms. Across experiments, base time intervals of 60–720 msec were spanned. The main result was that we replicated the poorer discrimination for interaural sequences. This deterioration in discrimination was the same for all sequence speeds. It was also the case that the thresholds were almost constant up to a sound repetition rate of about 3 per second, but increased linearly with slower rates. This result supports evidence in the literature that temporal processing of sequences faster than about 3–4 sounds per second differs from temporal processing of slower sequences. 相似文献
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226.
The spatial frequencies most relied upon by subjects in a recall task for face recognition were found to lie in the midfrequency range. A linear systems analysis model cannot account for these masking data in terms of retinocortical processing limitations alone. In order to account for the greater disruption of the face recognition task by masks in the range of 2.2 cycles/deg, the existence of unequal filtering of spatial frequency components must be recognized. This unequal filtering may occur either during memory deposition or retrieval of the input stimulus in the recall task or at any time in between. 相似文献
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Leo A. Goodman 《Psychometrika》1959,24(1):29-43
Simple statistical methods are developed to test whether coefficients of reproducibility, of homogeneity, or of consistency differ significantly from what can be expected if responses to different items are statistically independent. Simple methods are also developed for estimating the variance of coefficients of reproducibility when it is not assumed that responses to different items are independent. These estimates are used to test whether a coefficient differs significantly from any prescribed value, and also to obtain confidence intervals for these coefficients. The rationale for the measurement of reproducibility is also discussed.This research was carried out at the Statistical Research Center, University of Chicago, under sponsorship of the Statistics Branch, Office of Naval Research, and of the Social Science Research Committee, University of Chicago. Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government. The author is indebted to Jacob Gewirtz for some very helpful comments.This paper is dedicated to Professor Jacob Marschak on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday, July 23, 1958. 相似文献
229.
An index is proposed to measure the extent of agreement of the data of a sociometric test with another test made at an earlier time or on another test criterion. The index is used to define an index of concordancebetween the two tests. It is shown how the index may be used for either individuals or groups. Tests of the hypothesis that agreement is random are given for all cases and applied to an example.Work done under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research. 相似文献
230.
The usual increase in reaction time which occurs when a reaction stimulus is preceded by one irrelevant stimulus was-reduced 30% by preceding the latter with a second irrelevant stimulus at certain critical intervals between stimuli. The interaction between the irrelevant stimuli, as measured by reaction time, has a different time course than the interaction implicit in tlte “psychological refractory period”. 相似文献