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Perfectionism,Hopelessness, And Suicide Ideation: Revisions to Diathesis-Stress and Specific Vulnerability Models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kirk R. Blankstein Crystal Hillis Lumley Alison Crawford 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2007,25(4):279-319
The current study examined variables (daily hassles, self-esteem, dispositional optimism, coping modes, and perceived social
support) that could potentially moderate associations between dimensions of perfectionism and current feelings of hopelessness
and suicide ideation in university students (144 women; 61 men). Our study revealed several significant findings: (1) socially
prescribed perfectionism was a significant predictor of suicide ideation, interpersonal hopelessness, and achievement hopelessness
for both women and men; (2) self-oriented perfectionism did not have an independent relation with any of the suicide risk
outcome variables in either women or men; (3) other-oriented perfectionism was associated negatively with both current hopelessness,
particularly interpersonal hopelessness, and suicide ideation in men; (4) the cluster of proposed moderators accounted for
additional unique variance in all suicide risk variables in women but in achievement hopelessness only in men; (5) optimism
and social hassles were unique predictors but the results varied as a function of gender and outcome; (6) each perfectionism
component interacted with specific moderators to enhance or buffer the link between perfectionism and suicide risk. The findings
indicate that self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism are possibly adaptive or maladaptive under certain conditions.
Implications for the development of comprehensive, multidimensional, integrated models of the perfectionism–suicide risk link
and for prevention and treatment in perfectionists at risk of suicide are discussed.
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Kirk R. BlanksteinEmail: |
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Gordon L. Flett Paul L. Hewitt Kirk R. Blankstein Shawn W. Mosher 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1995,14(2):112-137
The present research tested the hypothesis that perfectionists who experience stress are vulnerable to depression, in part
because negative life events represent a failure to maintain control over negative outcomes. In Study 1, 215 subjects completed
the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and control measures. The MPS assesses self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially
prescribed perfectionism. It was confirmed that self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism were associated with both higher
desire for control and greater perceived personal control. Study 2 examined whether trait levels of perfectionism moderate
the link between life stress and symptoms of depression. In addition, prospective analyses investigated whether perfectionism
accounts for changes in levels of depressive symptomatology over time. Two samples comprised of 374 students (Sample 1) and
173 students (Sample 2) completed the MPS and measures of major life stress and depression symptoms. Subjects in Sample 2
completed these measures at two timepoints separated by a three-month interval. Regression analyses indicated that self-oriented
perfectionism and life stress interact significantly to produce higher levels of depressive symptomatology. Moreover, in Sample
2, self-oriented perfectionism at Time 1 was associated with increases in depression symptoms three months later for those
individuals who had experienced a major life event. The results provide support for diathesis-stress models, which maintain
that perfectionists exposed to life stress are vulnerable to symptoms of depression. The results are discussed in terms of
their implications for the study of personality, stress, and vulnerability to symptoms of depression.
This research was supported by grants #410-89-0335, #410-91-8056, and #410-93-1256 from the Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council of Canada awarded to the authors. 相似文献
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K R Blankstein 《Perceptual and motor skills》1975,40(2):533-534
Relationships between subscores of the Autonomic Perception Questionnaire and ability to raise and lower heart rate voluntarily were examined in 40 subjects. Subscores which reflected autonomic awareness in anxiety and pleasure states were not predictive of degree of cardiac control, while the subscore specific to reported awareness of heart functioning during pleasure states only was positively correlated with ability to raise heart rate. 相似文献
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Kirk R. Blankstein Gary R. Winkworth 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2004,22(4):267-295
The current study examined associations between dimensions of perfectionism, levels of attributions for a self-identified problem with marks, and dysphoria and course final grade in university students (253 women; 125 men). Our study revealed several significant findings: (1) perfectionism and levels of attribution are distinct yet related constructs; (2) socially prescribed perfectionism and specific levels of attribution both accounted for unique variance in dysphoria; (3) there were significant gender differences with respect to the relations among perfectionism dimensions, levels of attribution, and dysphoria; (4) self-oriented perfectionism and specific levels of attribution both accounted for unique variance in final grade, but in men only; (5) interactions between perfectionism dimensions and levels of attribution did not augment the prediction of dysphoria or academic performance; (6) self-oriented perfectionism is possibly adaptive under some circumstances. Implications for treating perfectionists and for further research are discussed. 相似文献
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Kirk R. Blankstein Gordon L. Flett Mark S. Watson Spomenka Koledin 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(3):193-204
Abstract The present research examined the extent to which sleep disturbance is involved in the experience of test anxiety. In Study 1, a sample of 80 subjects completed a trait measure of test anxiety and completed a sleep inventory with reference to the past 30 days. In Study 2, a sample of 188 subjects provided measures of trait and state test anxiety and completed a sleep inventory for the night preceding an actual test. The results of Study 1 and Study 2 confirmed that test anxiety is associated with self-reported sleep disturbance. In addition, the results of Study 2 showed that sleep disturbance is also associated with increased state test anxiety. Finally, it was found in Study 2 that sleep disturbance was not related to actual test performance. However, poorer test performance was associated with increased state and trait test anxiety. It is concluded that certain characteristics associated with test anxiety are stable and may be detected in evaluative and non-evaluative situations. The results are discussed with particular reference to their implications for the test anxiety construct itself as well as treatment strategies for the test-anxious student. 相似文献
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