用"活性成分谱"思路破解中药的安全性和有效性

如何控制中药的安全性和有效性一直是中医药研究关注的问题.基于此,提出先根据亲和原理获得中药的"活性成分谱",在此基础上验证活性成分的毒性和疗效后即可获得中药的"毒性成分谱"和"有效成分谱",继而为中药的质量控制提供依据.简要地介绍了"活性成分谱"思路,并与其他中药活性研究技术进行了简要的对比.     

心理与文化关系刍议

心理的发展影响了文化的生成,文化反过来也影响了心理加工过程,该综述旨在将该领域的相关理论研究进行简单的介绍和评价,且就其未来的发展提供一些新的研究视角。     

"风水是迷信"乃各界共识

看风水是被政策法律所禁止的一种迷信愚昧活动。什么叫风水?《辞海》做了这样的界定:“风水,也叫‘堪舆’。旧中国的一种迷信。认为住宅基地或坟地周围风向水流等形势,能招致住者或葬者一家的祸福。也指相宅、相墓之法。《葬书》(旧本题晋郭璞撰):‘葬者乘生气也。经曰,气乘风则散,界水则止,古人聚之使不散,行之使有止,故谓之风水。’”《词源》对风水所做的界定也与《辞     

霍布斯对现代平等观念的三个重要贡献

霍布斯对现代平等观念的形成做出了三个重要贡献。第一,将平等的主体扩展为一个国家中的一切公民,或者一个社会的一切成员。第二,将平等的对象扩展到与人的自我保存相关的一切事物。第三,对平等的依据提出了两个新的论证,即人的社会地位的不平等不是由自然能力的不同所决定的,而是由法律决定的;人的自然权利平等基于人的自然欲望相同,而不是基于人的"天性"相同或"理性"相同。     

言语产生中音韵编码的计划广度:来自图-词干扰范式的证据

采用图-词干扰范式,要求被试口语产生包含三个名词的句子,同时听觉呈现干扰刺激并操纵其与各个名词的语音相关性,通过与无关刺激相比,与各个名词语音相关的干扰刺激产生的语音效应,探讨句子产生中音韵编码的计划广度,同时检验音韵编码的层级激活假设。结果发现,只有第一个名词上出现了语音促进效应,第二和第三个名词上既无语音促进,也无语音干扰。该结果与层级激活假设相悖,表明句子产生中音韵编码的计划广度为第一个韵律词。     

一语道破天机

今年农历三月三,我和妻来到海浮山。海浮山南邻冶源泉湖、北傍老龙湾,风景怡人、独特秀丽、闻名遐迩。每年三月三,是海浮山香火之日。这天,来游览观光的,拜佛烧香的、求子求学的、求平安的、做买卖的、算卦的、相面的……人山人海,漫无天际。各种叫卖声、喇叭声、歌声、笑声,欢声笑语连成一片,热闹非凡。我和妻手拉手挤在人流中,沿着上山的石阶缓缓蠕动者。走着走着,我发现了一个衣衫褴褛、蓬头垢面、瘦骨嶙峋的老头,我越看越眼熟,他的出现使我不由得停住了脚步。“怎么了?”妻问。我指了指那个人告诉妻:“他就是我常对你说的老家那个远近闻…     

试论阿奎那的本质特殊学说及其现时代意义

阿奎那的本质特殊学说,特别是他的自然哲学领域中的本质特殊学说,是阿奎那哲学-神学体系中一项具有重大意义的内容。本文力图对照古希腊本质学说,对阿奎那的本质特殊学说做一个专题考察,一方面对阿奎那本质学说的革命性质做出必要的揭示,另一方面对于该学说的理论前提和理论结构做出宏观的概述,并在此基础上对这一学说的历史的和现时代的意义给出一个扼要的说明。一阿奎那本质特殊学说的提出:对传统本质学说的根本颠覆阿奎那的本质特殊学说是阿奎那哲学-神学体系中一项特别具有创意的内容。因为他所提出的这一学说从根本上颠覆了传统的本质…     

Peer assessments of normative and individual teacher–student support predict social acceptance and engagement among low-achieving children

This study used hierarchical linear modeling to predict first grade students' peer acceptance, classroom engagement, and sense of school belonging from measures of normative classroom teacher–student support and individual teacher–student support. Participants were 509 (54.4% male) ethnically diverse, first grade children attending one of three Texas School districts (1 urban, 2 small city) who scored below their school district median on a measure of literacy administered at the beginning of first grade. Peer nominations from 5147 classmates were used to assess both normative and individual levels of teacher support. Normative classroom teacher–student support predicted children's peer acceptance and classroom engagement, above the effects of child gender, ethnic minority status, and individual teacher–student support. Results are discussed in terms of implications for teacher preparation and professional development.     

Training Public Sector Clinicians in Competency-Based Clinical Supervision: Methods,Curriculum, and Lessons Learned

This article describes an initiative to train public sector clinicians in competency-based clinical supervision. It was delivered as an 18-session course taught online to clinicians employed in departments of behavioral health in nine Southern California counties. The curriculum was co-constructed by a team of clinical supervision scholars and leaders who then served as instructors. Each two-hour meeting addressed a specific topic for which a training video had been prepared, usually featuring a member of the training team who had expertise in that topic. The second part of each meeting focused on a class member’s supervision case presentation. Those presentations revealed 35 themes; the four most frequently occurring were: developing supervisees’ clinical competencies, addressing countertransference and parallel process, balancing clinical and administrative supervisory roles, and addressing record keeping/paperwork. Participants’ pre-to-post supervisory self-efficacy changes demonstrated a moderate effect size (Cohen’s d?=?.46) for the training, with the greatest pre- to post-training changes being in the use of technology, multicultural competencies (awareness of oppression, bias, and stereotyping in clinical work and in clinical supervision), and contracting. They reported that the strengths of the course included an inclusive learning environment and opportunities to reflect on and apply new knowledge and skills, though they also reported struggling with the assignments and the course platform software. Lessons learned reflected the use of technology in this online program, the importance of obtaining buy-in from agency decision makers and being prepared to address challenges related to the use of direct observation in supervision, gatekeeping, and enacting the simultaneous roles of administrative and clinical supervisor.

     

Correction to: Training Public Sector Clinicians in Competency-Based Clinical Supervision: Methods,Curriculum, and Lessons Learned

Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-021-09504-9