Psychoanalysis and evaluation: a stratified model focused on the uniqueness of the case

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This article addresses the methodological controversies surrounding the issue of how to evaluate the psychotherapies. It proposes to identify the principles of an integrative and stratified model in order to report the results of analytical therapy (its efficacy) based on the very effectiveness of its processes. Thus, the uniqueness of the case is put at the center of the evaluation setting.

Methods: Drawing on science studies, the authors engage in a reflexive exercise on the problem of psychoanalysis’ evaluation based on methodological questions raised in the field over time and current issues related to practice.

Results: First, the regularly asserted opposition between the norms of analytical practice and those governing standard evaluation procedures is reinterpreted as the effect of a lack of intermediate epistemic patterns.

Second, the fundamental principles of an integrative model are considered so as to translate and articulate a set of heterogeneous requirements into distinct strata.

Discussion: Since psychoanalysis is fundamentally a case-by-case practice characterized by inequivalence and unexpectedness, its utmost aim is to use a type of effectiveness based on the singularity of the case. However, this does not prevent it from being evaluable provided that the epistemic levels of the evaluation are clearly differentiated.     

Social capital,migration stress,depression and sexual risk behaviors among rural-to-urban migrants in China: a moderated mediation modeling analysis

Background: Few studies have examined the complex relationship of migration stress and depression with sexual risk behaviors among migrants. The relationship between migration stress and sexual risk behaviors may be mediated by depression, and the mediation process may be modified by social capital. The study aims to investigate this moderated mediation mechanism among rural-to-urban migrants.

Methods: Data were collected from rural-to-urban migrants in China. Migration stress, depression, and social capital were measured with validated scales and used as predictor, mediator and moderator, respectively, to predict the likelihood of having sex with risk partners. Mediation and moderated mediation models were used to analyze the data.

Results: Depression significantly mediated the migration stress–sex with risk partner relationship for males (the indirect effect [95%CI]?=?0.36 [0.08, 0.66]); the mediation effect was not significant for females (0.31 [?0.82, 0.16]). Among males, social capital significantly moderated the depression-sex with risk partner relation with moderation effect ?0.12 [?0.21, ?0.04], ?0.21 [?0.41, ?0.01] and ?0.17 [?0.30, ?0.05] for total, bonding and bridging capital respectively.

Conclusion: Social capital may weaken the association between migration stress and sexual risk behavior by buffering the depression-sexual risk behaviors association for males. Additional research is needed to examine this issue among females.     

书法练习促进心理积极改变的实证研究述评

文章在述评了相关实证研究后指出:书法练习对脑神经活动、认知能力、人格、心理健康等因素的诸多方面有积极影响;书法练习也是精神疾病(精神分裂症、神经症、自闭症等)的一种可行治疗手段.文章还讨论了书法练习产生积极心理效应的潜在原因,以及此类研究的方法学问题,并提出"基于书法的心理训练"作为可能的治疗与训练模式.     

贾庆林与全国性宗教团体负责人举行迎春座谈

<正>(新华网北京2月8日电,记者顾瑞珍、李亚杰)中共中央政治局常委、全国政协主席贾庆林8日邀请全国性宗教团体负责人到中南海座谈,共同迎接中华民族传统节日春节,并代表中