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91.
The relationship between religious/spiritual (R/S) factors and adolescent health outcomes has been studied for decades; however,
the R/S measurement tools used may not be developmentally relevant for adolescents. A systematic literature review was conducted
to review and evaluate trends in measuring R/S in adolescent health outcomes research. In this review a total of 100 articles
met criteria for inclusion. Relatively few (n = 15) included adolescent-specific R/S measures or items accounting for developmentally relevant issues such as parental
religiosity or age-appropriate language. Future R/S and health research with adolescents would be strengthened by incorporating
developmentally relevant R/S measurement tools, psychometrics, and multidimensional measures. 相似文献
92.
Bill Pollard 《Ratio》2006,19(2):229-248
In this paper I offer a critique of the view made popular by Davidson that rationalization is a species of causal explanation, and propose instead that in many cases the explanatory relation is constitutive. Given Davidson’s conception of rationalization, which allows that a huge range of states gathered under the heading ‘pro attitude’ could rationalize an action, I argue that whilst the causal thesis may have some merit for some such ‘attitudes’, it has none for others. The problematic ‘attitudes’ are those which can be attributed to the agent only on the basis of her history of doing a certain sort of thing. In other words, they are among the agent’s habits. I argue that such temporally extended states cannot be the causes of any present occurrence. Instead, I suggest we should think of the present action as partly constituting the state in question, and give a corresponding interpretation of the explanatory relation. Such explanations invite us to abandon a conception of agency narrowly based on psychology, in favour of an enriched one which takes an agent’s habits to partly constitute the agent. 相似文献
93.
We examined how right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) influenced career and family plans and life outcomes in 2 samples of educated women. In the college-aged sample, participants who planned to earn professional degrees scored higher on RWA than those who planned to earn graduate degrees in the humanities or social sciences. RWA was also positively related to the expression of preferences for male partners who possess masculine characteristics. In the midlife sample, RWA scores were higher for participants with traditional career and family outcomes at midlife. For midlife participants following a nontraditional career path, RWA was positively related to compartmentalizing career and family responsibilities and finding role combination stressful. Authoritarianism is important for understanding women's decisions about combining career and family. 相似文献
94.
Bill Ashcroft Author Vitae 《Religion》2004,34(2):113-121
Orientalism has become the pivotal account of the relationship between Europe and its others. But its very focused and selective account of Orientalism has provoked controversy from all sides. Said's work must be seen as an argument rather than as the presentation of some transcendental historical truth because we may then see that it fulfils a much broader task set for the ‘Oriental’: to take back the power of representation from the dominant culture. Orientalism remains even more critical now than twenty-five years ago because the task of taking hold of self-representation has become, for Palestinians, a matter of life and death. Resistance (muqãwamah) was first applied to literature by the Palestinian writer and critic Ghassan Kanafani, and the example of post-colonial literature remains the crucial model for the Palestinian people. This article proposes that the post-colonial strategy of transformation turns resistance from a simple opposition to a control of the means of representation. Success for the Palestinian people will never come from armed struggle but from the control of representation and the communication of the Palestinian situation to a dominant audience. In this way the achievement of Orientalism can be extended to the level of contemporary politics. 相似文献
95.
Arch Chee Keen Wong Bill McAlpine Tim Moore Dave Brotherton Ian R. Charter Emma Emgård Fern Buszowski 《Teaching Theology & Religion》2009,12(4):305-320
The cultivation of reflective practice has become a commonly accepted goal of theological education. However, theological educators must face the challenge of teaching and assessing reflective practice. Hypothesizing that this concern is best addressed in community, the authors of this article devised a collaborative action‐research project using Thomas Groome's “shared Christian praxis” model. They describe the ways in which they have, over the course of the project, modified their pedagogy to improve their students' reflection on practice. 相似文献
96.
Jacqueline J. Goodnow Judith Cashmore Sandra Cotton Rosemary Knight 《International journal of psychology》1984,19(1-4):193-205
To explore differences in concepts about development, mothers in two cultural groups were interviewed to determine: (a) their developmental timetables (the ages at which they expected various skills to appear); (b) the extent to which they taught various skills before school; and (c) the extent to which they perceived several qualities, once established, as stable over time. Variables were the child's gender, the child's birth order (first or not first to begin school), and the mother's ethnic background (Australian-born or Lebanese-born). Gender and birth order showed minimal effects; ethnicity had a strong effect in areas (a) and (b) but not (c). The results bring out the content of mothers' ideas, raise questions about factors affecting this content, and point to some aspects of mothers' ideas as inter-related. 相似文献
97.
Richard M. Ryckman Linda M. Kaczor Bill Thornton 《Journal of applied social psychology》1992,22(18):1453-1463
This research examined the interactive effect of women observers' sex-role attitudes and a victim's use of physical resistance on perceptions of victim responsibility for a sexual assault. Women read one of two rape scenarios in which a victim either did or did not physically resist a rapist's attack and made judgments concerning victim responsibility. The observers were categorized as being either traditionally conservative or nontraditionally profeminist in their attitudes toward women and their roles in society. An analysis of responsibility judgments indicated that traditional women perceived a victim who resisted the attack as being more responsible for her own victimization than did nontraditional women, whereas nontraditional women assigned more responsibility to a victim who did not resist than did traditional women. These results are considered from a sex-role socialization perspective; the implications of these findings for legal and health care professionals are discussed. 相似文献
98.
The present study examined the interactive influence of gender role typing and multiple role involvement with regard to specific mental health concerns among middle-class Caucasian women. As with previous research, depression and anxiety proved to be a function of gender role typing (feminine-typed and undifferentiated women displayed greater depression and anxiety relative to masculine-typed or androgynous women) with no differences attributable to multiple role involvement. For substance abuse, however, an interaction effect was obtained. Gender-typed (both masculine and feminine) women striving to excel across multiple roles engaged in greater substance abuse than women not gender typed (androgynous and undifferentiated); indeed, the latter displayed low risk comparable to women not similarly striving at multiple roles regardless of gender typing. A similar interaction previously has been reported with regard to disordered eating. These findings suggest that the lack of gender typing for women may enable them to cope more effectively with the conflicting demands of multiple roles and thereby reduce certain health risk behaviors (e.g., disordered eating and substance abuse), but that other mental health concerns (e.g., depression and anxiety) may not be similarly affected. 相似文献
99.
Bill Jenkins 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1982,32(2):171-177
Redundancy in the perception of bilateral symmetry in dynamic dot textures was investigated using two-alternative forced-choice techniques. It was found that the symmetry information utilized by the visual system fell within a strip approximately 1 deg wide about the central axis of symmetry, irrespective of the size of the texture at the retina. Outside this strip, the symmetry information was found to be completely redundant. 相似文献
100.
Subjects adjusted the rate of a repeating toneburst to match that of a concurrently flashing light, or vice versa. Flashes were viewed in luminous or wholly dark surrounds. Matches usually departed from veridical rate matches, and always were affected in the same direction by changes in surround luminance. Matches were a function of whether subjects controlled the visual or auditory stimulus; also, subjects usually reported “driving” of flash rates by auditory rates when they controlled tone rate, but not when they controlled flash rate. 相似文献