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111.
Our purpose in this study is to view theories of psychotherapy from a general social-political context, especially insofar
as they pertain to values. Beginning with Weisskopf-Joelson’s (1980) thesis that theories of psychotherapy may be “perceptual
houses” with their own unique value structures, we studied the values of psychoanalytic psychotherapists within the framework
of Rokeach’s ( 1968) system. Through the Rokeach Value Survey, we examined the values held by a group of psychoanalytic trainees
in 1979 and those held by a group of practicing psychoanalysts in 1993. Because neither group of subjects can be regarded
as randomly representative of the universe of psychoanalysts, we regard the resultant data as evocative and informative rather
than definitive. Nonetheless, we examined the extent to which value profiles for the psychoanalytic trainees of 1979 were
similar or dissimilar to those of practicing psychoanalysts in 1993. Such comparisons at the least provide some general indication
as to whether values have shifted in the universe within this time period. Findings are presented about specific patterns
of values, and implications are discussed. There appears to be more consistency than difference in values among the psychoanalytically-oriented
psychotherapists we studied, lending support to this discipline’s designation of a “perceptual house” insofar as its values
are concerned. 相似文献
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James C. Woodson Bernard W. Balleine 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》2002,55(1):75-88
Male and female rats were gonadectomized, implanted in adulthood with capsules containing either testosterone propionate (TP) or cholesterol, and were trained to lever press for access to an oestrous female. When lever press performance was tested in extinction, only the male rats implanted with TP displayed significantly higher levels of responding than controls, demonstrating that lever pressing for oestrous females as a reward is sexually dimorphic. Ejaculation patterns from a separate assessment of these rats' copulatory ability were significantly correlated with their instrumental performance. In a second experiment, "masculinized" females exposed to TP postnatally and given TP implants responded in extinction at mean levels equivalent to those exhibited by adult males that were either intact or castrated with androgen replacement. These data suggest that organizational steroid exposure perinatally affects the actual reward value assigned to oestrous females inadulthood, in combination withconsummatory sexual experience. 相似文献
116.
Bernard Robbins 《American journal of psychoanalysis》1975,35(2):175-181
117.
Bernard Bressler 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》1976,6(3):169-178
ABSTRACT: In the United States each year the equivalent of an average-size medical school graduating class commits suicide, with the highest incidence occurring in the decade following the completion of training. Of these suicides, 20% to 30% are associated with drug abuse and 40% with alcoholism. Various problem areas are considered. Role strain, leading to excessive drug use in an attempt to increase work efficiency, is coupled with a denial of the physician's own dependency needs and gratification. The problem of identity occurs in relation to the exaggerated sense of duty and obligation the physician feels in attending to the demands of the patients and their families. Medicine as magical thinking is also discussed, revealing the physician's belief in his own immunity, which is strenuously tested when he actually sets up in practice. The community's high regard for the physician further complicates the situation. Too little has been done about working with emotional problems of medical students during their training and after they begin to practice. Unfortunately, physicians feel uncomfortable in turning to colleagues for help; rather, they tend to isolate themselves, resorting to alcohol and drugs. One should question the selection of medical students and their overall training, not only in terms of academic learning but also with more consideration for the stresses and strains of the future career. 相似文献
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Bernard Freydberg 《Man and World》1985,18(3):317-324
Ohne ZusammenfassungI wish to thank the National Endowment for the Humanities for a Summer Seminar Grant in 1979, when I began work in this area, and the Seminar's excellent leader, Dr. Peter Heller of SUNY at Buffalo, with whom I had many spirited and enlightening conversations on Nietzsche. 相似文献