GEOGRAPHICAL DATA AS PSYCHOPHYSICAL STIMULI

L undberg U. & E kman G. Geographical data as psychophysical stimuli. Scand. J. Psychol . 1972, 13 , 81–88.—Thirty-three students reported their subjective estimates of the area, the number of people, and the average population density of 44 different countries. Subjective scales were constructed for each variable and it was found that these scales could be roughly described by simple power functions of the corresponding physical scales. The subjective scales were positively related to each other, and the correlations they showed exceeded the corresponding correlations between the physical variables. Empirical estimates of population density may be described by a simple power function of the expected subjective population density with the exponent of o.63.     

TRANSITION FROM ROD TO CONE VISION: II. Successive contrast

S tabell , B. & S tabell , U. Transition from rod to cone vision. II. Successive contrast. Scad J. Psychol., 1969, 10 137–139—Transition from chromatic rod to chromatic cone activity during dark adaptation is interpreted as a kind of color mixing.     

COLOR THRESHOLD MEASUREMENTS IN SCOTOPIC VISION: Simultaneous color contrast

S tabell , U. & S tabell , B. Color threshold measurements in scotopic vision. III. Simultaneous color contrast. Scand J. Psychol ., 1968, 9, 133–137.—Color may be observed well below the break-point level of the dark adaptation curve, suggesting that the impulse pattern initiated in the rods may trigger a color-related response. Color is induced when the intensity of the inducing field reaches a certain level above the specific threshold, provided the stimulation of the test field is observable.     

A SERIAL AFTERIMAGE EXPERIMENT IN CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS

Successive change in the size of negative afterimages repeatedly projected upon a screen was measured in a group of 87 psychiatric patients and a control group of 27. Primitive-hysteroid subjects were characterized by fluctuating serials, compulsives by small size changes of short duration, anxiety cases by progressively growing, dark, achromatic images, and psychotics by sudden contractions to size-constant or concrete images. A tentative finding for depressives was also presented and discussed.     

Anti-Normativism Evaluated

Abstract

I argue that recent attempts to show that meaning and content are not normative fail. The two most important arguments anti-normativists have presented are what I call the ‘argument from constitution’ and the ‘argument from guidance’. Both of these arguments suffer from the same basic problem: they overlook the possibility of focusing on assessability by norms, rather than compliance with norms or guidance by norms. Moreover, I argue that the anti-normativists arguments fail even if we ignore this basic problem. Thus, we have not been given good reasons to think that normativism is false.     

Deterioration of the phonological processing skills in adults with an acquired severe hearing loss

Phonological processing was examined in a group of individuals with an acquired severe hearing loss and compared to a group of matched normal hearing individuals. The hearing-impaired group was significantly slower and less accurate when performing a visual rhyme-judgement task, and produced fewer rhyming word pairs on a rhyme-generation task than the normal hearing group. In contrast, the hearing-impaired group performed on a par with the normal hearing group on verbal working memory tasks. It is concluded that specific aspects of the phonological system deteriorate in this population as a function of auditory deprivation. In particular, the phonological representations are impaired and this impairment also affects the ability to rapidly perform phonological operations (i.e., analyse and compare). In contrast, phonological processing involved in verbal working memory is preserved in this population.     

Assessing the Organizational Climate for Translational Research with a New Survey Tool

Science and Engineering Ethics - Promoting translational research as a means to overcoming chasms in the translation of knowledge through successive fields of research from basic science to public...     

Pointing out new news, old news, and absent referents at 12 months of age

There is currently controversy over the nature of 1-year-olds' social-cognitive understanding and motives. In this study we investigated whether 12-month-old infants point for others with an understanding of their knowledge states and with a prosocial motive for sharing experiences with them. Declarative pointing was elicited in four conditions created by crossing two factors: an adult partner (1) was already attending to the target event or not, and (2) emoted positively or neutrally. Pointing was also coded after the event had ceased. The findings suggest that 12-month-olds point to inform others of events they do not know about, that they point to share an attitude about mutually attended events others already know about, and that they can point (already prelinguistically) to absent referents. These findings provide strong support for a mentalistic and prosocial interpretation of infants' prelinguistic communication.     

Perceptual Priming by Invisible Motion

When observers see motion that is not really there, they can nonetheless show evidence of motion priming. And when observers do not see motion that is really there, they also show evidence for motion priming. Evidently, the process responsible for establishing motion correspondence is sensitive to contextual information, and this sensitivity is modulated at preconscious levels of visual analysis.