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41.
This paper presents a new modal logic for ceteris paribus preferences understood in the sense of “all other things being equal”. This reading goes back to the seminal work of Von
Wright in the early 1960’s and has returned in computer science in the 1990’s and in more abstract “dependency logics” today.
We show how it differs from ceteris paribus as “all other things being normal”, which is used in contexts with preference defeaters. We provide a semantic analysis and
several completeness theorems. We show how our system links up with Von Wright’s work, and how it applies to game-theoretic
solution concepts, to agenda setting in investigation, and to preference change. We finally consider its relation with infinitary
modal logics. 相似文献
42.
For a Euclidean space
, let L
n denote the modal logic of chequered subsets of
. For every n 1, we characterize L
n using the more familiar Kripke semantics, thus implying that each L
n is a tabular logic over the well-known modal system Grz of Grzegorczyk. We show that the logics L
n form a decreasing chain converging to the logic L
of chequered subsets of
. As a result, we obtain that L
is also a logic over Grz, and that L
has the finite model property. We conclude the paper by extending our results to the modal language enriched with the universal modality. 相似文献
43.
We give a condensed survey of recent research on generalized quantifiers in logic, linguistics and computer science, under the following headings: Logical definability and expressive power, Polyadic quantifiers and linguistic definability, Weak semantics and axiomatizability, Computational semantics, Quantifiers in dynamic settings, Quantifiers and modal logic, Proof theory of generalized quantifiers.This paper was inspired by the symposium on Generalized Quantifiers held at the 5th European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information in Lisbon, August 1993. We feel that the work presented there motivates a survey of recent research areas and research problems in the field of generalized quantifiers. The speakers at the symposium, Natasha Alechina, Jaap van der Does, Lauri Hella, Michal Krynicki, Michiel van Lambalgen, Kerkko Luosto, Marcin Mostowski, and Jouko Väänänen, have cooperated and made (oral and/or written) contributions and comments to this research survey which we gratefully acknowledge, and without which it would not have been written. But it is easier to produce a paper with two authors than with ten, and so the present authors take full responsibility for the final formulation of the paper. In addition, we are grateful for comments received from some further colleagues, in particular, Dorit Ben-Shalom, Makoto Kanazawa, Victor Sanchez, Yde Venema and two anonymous referees.Presented byJan Zygmunt 相似文献
44.
Logic and Reasoning: do the facts matter? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Johan van Benthem 《Studia Logica》2008,88(1):67-84
Modern logic is undergoing a cognitive turn, side-stepping Frege’s ‘antipsychologism’. Collaborations between logicians and
colleagues in more empirical fields are growing, especially in research on reasoning and information update by intelligent
agents. We place this border-crossing research in the context of long-standing contacts between logic and empirical facts,
since pure normativity has never been a plausible stance. We also discuss what the fall of Frege’s Wall means for a new agenda
of logic as a theory of rational agency, and what might then be a viable understanding of ‘psychologism’ as a friend rather
than an enemy of logical theory.
Edited by Hannes Leitgeb 相似文献
45.
We make a proposal for formalizing simultaneous games at the abstraction level of player’s powers, combining ideas from dynamic
logic of sequential games and concurrent dynamic logic. We prove completeness for a new system of ‘concurrent game logic’
CDGL with respect to finite non-determined games. We also show how this system raises new mathematical issues, and throws light
on branching quantifiers and independence-friendly evaluation games for first-order logic. 相似文献
46.
Johan van Benthem 《Studia Logica》1983,42(2-3):299-313
Exact philosophy consists of various disciplines scattered and separated. Formal semantics and philosophy of science are good examples of two such disciplines. The aim of this paper is to show that there is possible to find some integrating bridge topics between the two fields, and to show how insights from the one are illuminating and suggestive in the other. 相似文献
47.
Johan van Benthem Jelle Gerbrandy Tomohiro Hoshi Eric Pacuit 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2009,38(5):491-526
A variety of logical frameworks have been developed to study rational agents interacting over time. This paper takes a closer look at one particular interface, between two systems that both address the dynamics of knowledge and information flow. The first is Epistemic Temporal Logic (ETL) which uses linear or branching time models with added epistemic structure induced by agents’ different capabilities for observing events. The second framework is Dynamic Epistemic Logic (DEL) that describes interactive processes in terms of epistemic event models which may occur inside modalities of the language. This paper systematically and rigorously relates the DEL framework with the ETL framework. The precise relationship between DEL and ETL is explored via a new representation theorem characterizing the largest class of ETL models corresponding to DEL protocols in terms of notions of Perfect Recall, No Miracles, and Bisimulation Invariance. We then focus on new issues of completeness. One contribution is an axiomatization for the dynamic logic of public announcements constrained by protocols, which has been an open problem for some years, as it does not fit the usual ‘reduction axiom’ format of DEL. Finally, we provide a number of examples that show how DEL suggests an interesting fine-structure inside ETL. 相似文献
48.
49.
Studia Logica - We propose a new perspective on logics of computation by combining instantial neighborhood logic $$\mathsf {INL}$$ with bisimulation safe operations adapted from $$\mathsf {PDL}$$ .... 相似文献
50.