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An improved version of a method which uses the Maxwell spot to measure eccentricity of fixation is described and discussed. The method determines the centroid of the macula psychophysically and locates the position of this centroid with respect to the point the O uses for fixation. The distance between these two points is a measure of eccentricity of fixation. It is estimated that the present method has an instrumental error of about 0.1 deg. 相似文献
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Previous research suggests that accumulated exchange‐production schedules promote increased work completion and are more preferred than distributed exchange‐production schedules. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the response effort or token‐production schedules associated with token delivery influenced preferences for exchange‐production schedules. Tokens exchanged under accumulated schedules were more preferred, relative to distributed schedules, when tokens were earned for completing easy tasks. When participants earned tokens for completing difficult tasks, two of three participants preferred accumulated exchange‐production schedules (Experiment 1). Under dense token‐production schedules, accumulated exchange‐production schedules were preferred, but participant's preferences switched to distributed schedules under increasing token‐production (i.e., leaner) schedules (Experiment 2). 相似文献
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We derive the quantum spin hydrodynamic equations in a ferromagnetic metal. From these equations we show the existence of a new massive spin-current mode. This mode can be observed in neutron scattering experiments and we discuss the difficulties in seeing it. At the end we discuss the existence of this mode in localized ferromagnets. 相似文献
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Prospect theory suggests that people respond differentially to factually equivalent messages depending on how these messages are framed (A. Tversky & D. Kahneman, 1981). A. J. Rothman and P. Salovey (1997) relied on prospect theory to predict that messages highlighting potential "gains" should promote prevention behaviors such as sunscreen use best. This experiment compared the effectiveness of 4 differently framed messages (2 highlighting gains, 2 highlighting losses) to persuade 217 beach-goers to obtain and use sunscreen. Attitudes and intentions were measured before and immediately following the delivery of the framed information, and after completing the questionnaire participants were given a coupon redeemable for a small bottle of sunscreen later that same day. People who read either of the 2 gain-framed brochures, compared with those who read either of the 2 loss-framed brochures, were significantly more likely to (a) request sunscreen, (b) intend to repeatedly apply sunscreen while at the beach, and (c) intend to use sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 15 or higher. 相似文献
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Pothemont Kimberly Quinton Sarah Jayoushe Majdoline Jedel Sharon Bedell Alyse Hanauer Stephen B. Mutlu Ece A. Taft Tiffany H. 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2022,29(3):596-607
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings - Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in response to medical trauma are understudied in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Two studies identify... 相似文献
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Paul R. Nail Katrina E. Bedell Casey D. Little 《Personality and individual differences》2003,35(8):152
Conducted in the fall of 2000, this study investigates personality and social variables that should predict attitudes regarding the desirability of prosecuting President Clinton for perjury following the expiration of his term (in January of 2001). Prosecution was favored by High Preference for Consistency (PFC) more than Low PFC individuals, by High Self-Esteem more than Low Self-Esteem individuals, and by Republicans more than Democrats. In addition, PFC and Party Affiliation interacted: High PFCs wanted Clinton prosecuted regardless of Party Affiliation, but Low PFCs desired prosecution strongly only if they were Republicans. Overall, the results are consistent with the general self-theory principle that human beings tend to adopt attitudes and positions that restore, maintain, or enhance self-esteem. 相似文献