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961.
We report on data provided by a nationwide panel of 23 infant mental health (IMH) experts who provided numerical ratings of the relative importance of 143 competencies desirable for licensed mental health therapists working with infants/children birth to 5 years of age and their families/caregivers. The competencies were developed based on prior state and national efforts and our own experience in training IMH therapists. The competencies were grouped conceptually into seven areas: (a) Normal infant and toddler development; (b) Atypical development (perturbations in development); (c) Emotional/behavioral disorders in infants and young children; (d) Assessment; (e) Intervention; (f) Community resources and referrals; and (g) Organization, communication, and collaboration. We calculated means, SDs, 95% confidence intervals to rank order each competency. We conducted reliability analyses and tested for mean differences in ratings for the seven areas. Interrater and intraclass correlations were modest, likely the result of restriction of range in the ratings. The seven areas showed high levels of internal consistency and, with few exceptions, did not significantly differ in the means of their ratings. The utility of the competencies are discussed as a framework for training and professional development for IMH clinicians. 相似文献
962.
Academic theories of aggression can be dichotomized as expressive (in which aggression results from a failure of self control) or instrumental (in which aggression represents the exercise of control over others). We propose that the two sexes hold a parallel distinction in their social representations of aggression; women subscribe to an expressive model, men to an instrumental model. A 20-item questionnaire was generated by systematic comparison of the two theories with respect to their differential predictions concerning perceived social value, proximate causes, relevant emotions and congnitions, form, aim, social facilitators, and reputational aspects of aggression. Factor analysis indicated a first factor of expressive-instrumental aggression on which all items had significant loadings. A significant correlation (.46) was found between gender and questionnaire score confirming the hypothesis. The notion of gender-specific social representations is discussed in terms of its ability to coherently interpret patterns of differences in aggression found in experimental and observational studies. 相似文献
963.
O. Anne E. Rasa 《Aggressive behavior》1982,8(3):253-260
The model presented attempts to describe the agonistic situation from the point of view of the individual, taking psychological, ecological, and ethological factors that can influence behavioral expression into account. The animal is considered as consisting of an “ego” and “soma,” these being conceptualized as concentric circles surrounding the gene carrier itself. The hierarchy of responses present to protect the gene carrier together with their motivatory causal factors and their energy expenditures are described and agonism considered as a means by which optimal inclusive fitness can be attained. 相似文献
964.
965.
966.
Anne Sheppard 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1994,13(2):124-137
Three studies were designed to explore children’s understanding of television programmes. Seventy-two children from 6 to 9 years of age and attending a primary school, viewed one adult and one children’s television programme. They took part in procedures that examined their 1) memory for crucial plot events immediately after viewing, 2) understanding of the motives of the protagonists, and 3) character evaluation of the protagonists. The results yielded age differences in these abilities and suggested variable recall, poor comprehension, in terms of being able to relate motives to consequences, and confused character evaluation when the heroes and villains were not clearly discriminated. The results are interpreted in relation to the television literature, reading comprehension and children’s desire to make sense of what they see. 相似文献
967.
968.
Using the National Survey of Families and Households (N = 13,017; 11.09% Black, 79.99% White), we compare the household labor time of Black and White women and men, and assess the
extent to which the time constraint, relative resource, and ideology explanations account for racial and gender differences
in housework time. We find that although time constraint, relative resource, and ideology explanations account for some of
the variation in housework time, they do not account for all of the gender and racial differences. We also find that paid
work and housework trade off differently for Black men than for White men and also for women and men. Finally, a variety of
relative resource, time constraint, and ideology factors are associated differently with women’s and men’s housework time.
We argue that our findings lend support to the production of gender approach to understanding the division of household labor
and that this approach can be used to help us understand racial differences in housework time as well.
We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. 相似文献
969.
Anne McFadyen 《Journal of Family Therapy》1997,19(3):241-262
This paper explores aspects of the theory and practice of psychotherapy with the aim of identifying similarities in the approaches of both family therapists and psychoanalytic psychotherapists. The author calls for a dialogue between the disciplines, and makes specific reference to the potential value of this in relation to training and research. 相似文献
970.
Scott Baum 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》1997,27(1):61-86
Grounding is a concept in Bioenergetic Analysis which refers to a person's relationship to reality. This relationship is thought to encompass all aspects of reality, external physical reality as well as internal psychological reality. Using this conceptual framework, an effort is made to link the somatic structures and processes to the psychic structures and processes which go into the perception and understanding of reality. In this paper that framework is applied to the concept of grounding in people with borderline personality organization. Experiential, clinical and theoretical data are blended to elucidate both the experience of reality and the structural underpinnings of that experience in people organized in this way. Clinical interventions drawn from this theoretical standpoint are described, particularly as they relate to development of the ability to apprehend reality more fully. 相似文献