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181.
Rahul Kumar 《The Journal of Ethics》2008,12(1):57-80
This is a review essay of Jeff McMahan's recent book The Ethics of Killing: Problems at the Margins of Life (OUP: 2002). In the first part, I lay out the central features of McMahan's account of the wrongness of killing and its implications
for when it is permissible to kill. In the second part of the essay, I argue that we ought not to accept McMahan's rejection
of species membership as having any bearing on whether it is permissible to kill a particular individual, as there are ways
of understanding its relevance that are more plausible than McMahan allows.
A review essay of Jeff McMahan. The Ethics of Killing: Problems at the Margins of Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002). 相似文献
182.
Nandini Kumar G. D. Ravindran A. Bhan J. S. Srivastava V. M. Nair 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2008,6(4):295-303
This article featuring India constitutes one of five articles in a collection of essays on local capacity-building in research
ethics by graduates from the University of Toronto’s Joint Centre for Bioethics MHSc in Bioethics, International Stream program
funded by the Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences. Research ethics is a growing area of
work and interest in India. Ethics review remains the weakest component in the mechanism of good clinical practice, and there
is a severe dearth of professionals trained in ethics who can provide leadership. Although the Indian Good Clinical Practice
Guidelines, the Indian Medical Council Act, and the Drugs and Cosmetics Act require that the Indian Council of Medical Research’s
ethical guidelines be followed as a mandatory requirement for physicians who conduct research, there is a pervasive lack of
awareness of basic requirements guiding the ethical conduct of research. There is a great need to strengthen India’s research
ethics capacity and regulatory framework for research. 相似文献
183.
Liam P. Condon Geeta Shivde Benjamin Kapp V. K. Kumar 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2011,30(1):34-52
This study examined if task motivational imagery suggestions could facilitate a semantic priming effect, relative to general
relaxation suggestions and no specific suggestions; and if the participants’ hypnotizablity moderated the effects of the three
types of instructions. Participants (n = 127) were assigned randomly in groups to one of the three instructional conditions (imagery, relaxation, or control) and
two versions of a stimulus list for counterbalancing. A 3-way analysis of variance suggested that the semantic priming effect
was found to be stronger for stimulus list version 2 than for version 1. A stronger semantic priming effect was found for
the high, relative to the low and medium, hypnotizable groups. When medium hypnotizable participants were excluded, an instructional
group X hypnotizability group interaction was found for list 1 suggesting that while the low hypnotizable participants benefited
more from the relaxation suggestion, the high hypnotizables benefited more from the imagery instruction. The results suggest
that imagery instructions may moderate automatic processes for highly hypnotizable individuals. 相似文献
184.
Kumar Yogeeswaran Nilanjana Dasgupta Levi Adelman Alison Eccleston Michael T. Parker 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2011,47(5):908-914
Many pluralistic nations are witnessing vigorous debate about multiculturalism. In the U.S., Americans generally embrace principles of ethnic diversity but dislike minorities who express strong ethnic identification. Two experiments examined this seeming contradiction by differentiating between ethnic identity expressed in private vs. public by non-White and White individuals. Then we tested whether individuals' identity expressions differentially affected perceivers' construal of their entire ethnic group as legitimately American. Results indicated that at a conscious level, White and non-White ethnic groups were held to the same standard and construed as significantly less American when members expressed their ethnic identity publicly vs. privately. However, at an unconscious level, a double standard emerged: non-White ethnic groups were implicitly rejected as less American if members expressed ethnic identity publicly, while White ethnics were implicitly accepted as legitimate Americans regardless of where they expressed ethnic identity. 相似文献
185.
Treadwell TW Reisch EE Travaglini LE Kumar VK 《International journal of group psychotherapy》2011,61(4):503-517
This study tested the notion that the construction and telling of a collaborative group story would facilitate the development of group cohesion within the context of an actual classroom setting over the duration of the course. Participants were 125 students in 8 classes (4 experimental, 4 control) of a group psychotherapy course that focused on the principles and techniques of cognitive behavior therapy in conjunction with psychodrama techniques. Results showed significantly higher cohesion scores in the experimental condition compared to the control condition, suggesting that collaborative story building and telling is a viable strategy for improving group cohesion. 相似文献
186.
Jean Christophe Meunier Isabelle RoskamMarie Stievenart Gaëlle van de MoorteleDillon T. Browne Aarti Kumar 《Journal of applied developmental psychology》2011,32(1):20
Based on longitudinal multilevel modeling and using a multi-informant strategy, this study examines trajectories of externalizing problem behavior (EPB) in childhood as predicted by parental behavior (absolute level of parenting [ALP] and parental differential treatment [PDT]), parental self-efficacy (PSE), child personality and sibling relationships. Besides main effects, several interactions were tested. The effects of changes in parenting on changes in EPB were also examined. A total of 119 families from the French-speaking area of Belgium rearing a child (3- to 5-year-olds at the onset of the study) referred for EPB were studied. The effects of both level-of and changes-in mothers' ALP were partially confirmed, but for fathers, only ALP was predictive. There were some significant interactions between ALP and PDT for both parents. Mothers' PSE explained some variance in EPB, additional to that explained by the parenting measures. Some parenting by personality and by sibling relationship interactions were found. 相似文献
187.
188.
Sandeep Kumar Ganji Indu Potula Venkata Naga Pradeep Ambati Bhujanga Rao Sandhya Kumari Ganji Shwetha Kumari Ganji 《Cognitive processing》2006,7(1):37-39
Neuropsychological investigations of visual imagery and representations have led to a deeper understanding of the spatial perception, representation and memory. But how each individual perceives object’s geometrical properties and how they differ from person to person, both under event-related memory and normal recollecting memory in the presence or in the absence of direct sensory stimulation is still unclear. Spatial knowledge is diverse, complex, and multi-modal, as are the situations in which it is used. All seem to agree that a cognitive map is a mental representation of an external environment. The image scaling is important in understanding the psychological dysfunctions of patients suffering from spatial cognition problems. The scaling becomes self-evident in art forms, when people are asked to draw image of objects they see actively or from their short or long term memory. In this paper we develop a comprehensive model of this scaling factor and its implications in spatial image representation and memory. We also extend its notion in understanding the perception of objects whose representations are normally not possible (like the perception of universal scales, infinities and parallel lines) but are well comprehended by the human brains. Here we give a scaling factor which is variable depending on the situations for a person based on his visual memory and drawing capabilities. And then extend it to analyse his cognitive strengths, disorders and any imperfections. This model also helps in formalizing the architectural cognitive maps needed to change the scaling factor, depending on the types of visual works one performs. 相似文献
189.
Taneja Alankrita Das Siddhartha Hussain Syed Ather Madadin Mohammed Lobo Stany Wilfred Fatima Huda Menezes Ritesh G. 《Science and engineering ethics》2019,25(2):635-642
Science and Engineering Ethics - Being inherently different from any other lifesaving organ transplant, uterine transplantation does not aim at saving lives but supporting the possibility to... 相似文献
190.
Treatment decision-making in chronic illness poses long-lasting effects on the health status of patients. In Western individualistic cultures, they are independently taken by the individual in collaboration with doctors contrary to the collectivistic Indian context, where it’s decided by families with little or no involvement of patients. Religious beliefs, patient–doctor interaction, and resilience measures of 100 CAD patients were used to assess their religious beliefs, patient–doctor interaction, and resilience (predictors). Hierarchical Regression Analysis was conducted to test for the significance of the proposed model. Religious beliefs, patient–doctor interaction, and resilience collectively predicted the significant change in decision-making styles, somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunctions, depression, and general health total of the participants. While the treatment decision-making is heavily contingent upon the social factors namely – religious beliefs, patient–doctor interaction, and resilience, there may yet be some underlying psychological factors that have not been explored in the present study. 相似文献