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991.
Repression and sensitization as situational modes of coping with anxiety were examined as predictors of trait measures of cognitive avoidance and vigilance. In this study, 303 undergraduates saw a violent film clip to elicit anxiety. Increases in skin conductance level (SCL) and state anxiety (STA) from baseline were measured to identify repressors (high SCL, low STA) and contrast them with sensitizers (low SCL, high STA) and genuinely low anxious individuals (low SCL, low STA). State anger was also recorded. Trait measures of vigilance and cognitive avoidance were collected 2 weeks earlier. Significant SCL × STA interactions indicated that repressors scored higher on cognitive avoidance and lower on vigilance compared to sensitizers and low anxious participants. Repressors were less likely than sensitizers to report gaze avoidance during the clip. The anger by SCL interaction was nonsignificant, suggesting that repressors and sensitizers differ specifically in the processing of anxiety rather than negative affect in general. 相似文献
992.
Fleetwood?LoustalotEmail author Sharon?B.?Wyatt Mario?Sims Christopher?G.?Ellison Herman?A.?Taylor Lynn?Underwood 《Journal of religion and health》2011,50(3):675-685
This study provided the first examination of the psychometric properties of the 6-item Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES)
in a large African American sample, the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). The JHS included measures of spiritual (DSES) and religious
practices. Internal reliability, dimensionality, fit indices, and correlation were assessed. DSES scores reflected frequent
daily spiritual experiences (12.84 ± 4.72) and reliability scores were high (α = 0.85; 95% CI 0.84–0.86). The DSES loaded
on a single factor, with significant goodness-of-fit scores (RMSEA = 0.094, P < 0.01). Moderate significant correlations were noted among DSES items. Our findings confirm that the 6-item DSES had excellent
psychometric properties in this sample. 相似文献
993.
994.
Barbara J. Thayer-Bacon 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2011,30(5):491-497
Thayer-Bacon tells her story in a conversational tone that traces her personal and professional roots as she describes various
chapters of her life: first as a philosopher, how she became involved in education, and then how that involvement became a
career as a philosopher of education, in a large teacher education program, and now at a research institution. She sketches
her philosophical contributions, as a pragmatist, feminist, postmodernist, and cultural studies scholar, to philosophy, philosophy
of education, and education. 相似文献
995.
Barbara Forrest 《Synthese》2011,178(2):331-379
Intelligent design creationism (ID) is a religious belief requiring a supernatural creator’s interventions in the natural
order. ID thus brings with it, as does supernatural theism by its nature, intractable epistemological difficulties. Despite
these difficulties and despite ID’s defeat in Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District (2005), ID creationists’ continuing efforts to promote the teaching of ID in public school science classrooms threaten both
science education and the separation of church and state guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. I examine the ID movement’s
failure to provide either a methodology or a functional epistemology to support their supernaturalism, a deficiency that consequently
leaves them without epistemic support for their creationist claims. My examination focuses primarily on ID supporter Francis
Beckwith, whose published defenses of teaching ID, as well as his other relevant publications concerning education, law, and
public policy, have been largely exempt from critical scrutiny. Beckwith’s work exhibits the epistemological deficiencies
of the supernaturally grounded views of his ID associates and of supernaturalists in general. I preface my examination of
Beckwith’s arguments with (1) philosopher of science Susan Haack’s clarification of the established naturalistic methodology
and epistemology of science and (2) discussions of the views of Beckwith’s ID associates Phillip Johnson and William Dembski.
Finally, I critique the religious exclusionism that Beckwith shares with his ID associates and the implications of his exclusionism
for public policy. 相似文献
996.
997.
The present study investigated a possible connection between speech processing and cochlear function. Twenty-two subjects with age range from 18 to 39, balanced for gender with normal hearing and without any known neurological condition, were tested with the dichotic listening (DL) test, in which listeners were asked to identify CV-syllables in a nonforced, and also attention-right, and attention-left condition. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were recorded for both ears, with and without the presentation of contralateral broadband noise. The main finding was a strong negative correlation between language laterality as measured with the dichotic listening task and of the TEOAE responses. The findings support a hypothesis of shared variance between central and peripheral auditory lateralities, and contribute to the attentional theory of auditory lateralization. The results have implications for the understanding of the cortico-fugal efferent control of cochlear activity. 相似文献
998.
The efficacy of a tailored, web-based intervention communicating the risks of sexually transmitted infections (STI) for heterosexual young adults was examined in a randomised, controlled trial. The main aims of the relationship-oriented intervention were to influence risk perceptions and to promote (maintenance of) condom use and STI-testing among young adults who reported being recently engaged in a heterosexual relationship. The intervention addressed risk perceptions, attitudes, normative beliefs, self-efficacy and skills related to condom use and STI-testing. Outcomes were compared immediately after the intervention (N = 171) and 3 months later (N = 115) to a non-tailored intervention group and to a control group. Cognitive and behavioural outcomes showed that the tailored intervention was efficacious in influencing perceived susceptibility to STI and STI-testing intentions immediately after the intervention, and in reducing rates of unprotected sex at 3 months. 相似文献
999.
Mixed methods in family psychology refer to the systematic integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques to represent family processes and settings. Over the past decade, significant advances have been made in study design, analytic strategies, and technological support (such as software) that allow for the integration of quantitative and qualitative methods and for making appropriate inferences from mixed methods. This special section of the Journal of Family Psychology illustrates how mixed methods may be used to advance knowledge in family science through identifying important cultural differences in family structure, beliefs, and practices, and revealing patterns of family relationships to generate new measurement paradigms and inform clinical practice. Guidance is offered to advance mixed methods research in family psychology through sound principles of peer review. 相似文献
1000.